英语翻译写作-从句的翻译法.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,句子的翻译,三大从句翻译,英语三大从句,名词从句宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,形容词从句,状语从句时间、地点、原因、结果、让步、目的、条件、转折、方式、比较）,名词从句：概略法,My brother is not what he used to be.,我弟弟不再是以前那样子了。,That nobody was killed or even slightly injured in such a serious accident was incredible.,如此严重的事故竟然无一人伤亡，真叫人难以置信！,定语从句：翻译成定语,像汉语定语一样起修饰限制作用的定语从句可译成定语。,This is the reason why I am not in favor of revising the plan.,这就是我不赞成修改计划的原因。,I must make full use of the time there is left to me and do as much as I can for the people.,我要充分利用剩下的时光，尽量为人民多做些事。,翻译成并列分句,对于起补充说明作用的定语从句根据其补充说明的事项（时间、地点、原因、目的、让步、伴随、结果等）翻译成并列分句或相应的状语从句。,We will put off the outing until next week,when we will not be so busy.,我们把郊游推迟到下周，届时我们就不会这么忙了。,He is a professor,as is clear from his manner.,他是个教授，从他举止上可以明显地看出来。,翻译成状语从句,Nothing is difficult in the world for anyone who dares to scale the height.,世上无难事，只要肯攀登（条件状语）,He wishes to write an article,which will attract public attention to the air pollution in this city.,他想写一篇文章，以此来引起公众对这座城市空气污染的关注。（目的状语）,翻译成状语从句,He likes Miss Lei,who despises him.,尽管雷小姐讨厌他，他却很喜欢她。（让步状语）,He knocked on the door of the red house,which opened right away.,他敲了敲那座红房子的门，很快那门就开了。（结果状语）,翻译成独立的句子,The problem of development vs.environment has now been in the limelight.Nowhere is the clash more visible in China,where the words largest population faces pollution,deforestation on a large scale.,现在发展与环境已经成为人们关注的中心。在中国这对矛盾表现得特别突出。这个世界上人口最多的国家。面临着环境污染和森林大规模减少的侵袭,。,倒译并列法：把定语从句放在主句的前面,You compare her with your English women who wolf down from three to five meat meals a day;and naturally you find her slim.（身材苗条的女子）,你们英国女人每天狼吞虎咽地吃上三到五餐肉食，你们拿她与她们比当然觉得她是个窈窕淑女了。,You have given Tom,who dislikes me anyhow,the chance he was waiting for.,反正汤姆不喜欢我，你给他的机会正是他求之不得的。,She tiptoed to the bed where the child fell asleep.,孩子睡着了，她踮着脚尖走到他床前,曹氏译法,首先翻译出定语从句前的主句，然后重译先行词（或者是把代表先行词的关系词还原为先行词），再把定语从句翻译成定语置于被重复的先行词之前。,I want a man who will throw his hat over the Chindwin(一江名),then lead his troops after it.,我需要的是这样一个人，他决心在钱墩江破釜沉舟然后带领部队前进。,我需要的是这样一个人，一个能在钱墩江破釜沉舟并且率部队过江的人。,曹氏译法,They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which,in the past,many Chinese have laid down their lives.,他们在为珍藏于中国人心中的那个理想而奋斗。过去，为了这个理想，很多人献出了生命。,他们正在努力实现那个理想，那个每位中国人心中的理想，那个许许多多为之献出生命的理想。,曹氏译法,Seek not proud riches,but such as you may get justly,use soberly,distribute cheerfully,and leave contentedly.,勿因摆阔而追求财富，只挣那种取之有道、用之有度、施之有乐、遗之有慰之财。（培根）,曹氏译法,I had found the charm of the picture in an absolute life-likeliness,which at first startling,finally confounded,subdued and appalled me.,我发现这副画栩栩如生，魅力十足。一开始让我吃惊，最后令我困惑，把我折服，使我丧胆。,我感觉到了这副画栩栩如生的魅力，这种一开始让我吃惊、最后令我困惑、把我折服、使我丧胆的魅力。,曹氏译法,World war II,however,more complex than World war I,which was a collision among the imperialist powers over the spoils of markets,resources and territories.,一战是一场帝国主义强国之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突。然而，二战比一战还要复杂。,然而和二战相比，一战远没那么复杂，一战只是一场帝国主义强国之间争夺市场、资源和领土的冲突。,曹氏译法,But without Adolf Hiter,who was possessed of demoniac personality,a granite（花岗岩）will,a remarkable intellect,a soaring imagination and-until toward the end,when drunk with power and success,he overreached himself-an amazing capacity to size up people and situations,there almost certainly would never have been a third Reich.,但是如果没有那个生性残暴、意志坚韧、心肠冷酷、才智出众、想象丰富的阿道夫希特勒，没有那个最后被权利和胜利冲昏头脑而招致彻底失败的希特勒，没有那个对人和局势有惊人判断力的希特勒，那么历史上就不可能有个第三帝国。,一般状语从句的译法,由于英语中的状语从句在结构和意义上大致与汉语相同，在翻译时困难不大，比如sothat,although,because,if 等。但是也有一些翻译技巧可以利用。,（1）省略连词发挥汉语意合的优势。,He must be ill,for he is absent.,他没来，肯定是病了。,状语从句：,省略连词,When they were about to leave,a police car stopped in the front door.,他们正准备离开，这时一辆警车停在了门前。,Most comets are so dim that they can not be seen by the naked eye.,大多数卫星都很暗，肉眼是看不见的。,He stole,not because he wanted the money but because he liked stealing.,他偷窃不是为了钱，他就是喜欢偷。,状语从句：改译状语从句种类,When it is wet,the buses are crowded.,下雨天的公交车总是很拥挤。（译成定语）,As the sun rose,the fog dispersed.,太阳一升起，雾就散了。（伴随状语译成时间状语）,How can you expect your children to be truthful when you yourself tell lies?,如果你自己讲假话，怎么能期待自己的孩子说真话呢？（时间状语译成条件状语）,状语从句：改译状语从句种类,In general,the test works most effectively when the quality to be measured can be most precisely and least effective when what is to be measured or predicted cannot be well defined.,一般来说，如果要检测的性能得到精确的界定，测量的效果就最有效；如果所要检测的性能不能精确界定，那么测量的效果就最差。（when 在句中表达的时间观念不强，翻译成条件句反而更妥当）,特殊状语从句的译法,The+adj.(adv.)比较级+that clause,The act was the bolder that he stood utterly alone.,这完全是他一人干的，所以这一行为更堪称勇敢。,The+adj.(adv.)比较级+that clause 表示原因,In that clause,I could understand his point of view,in that I had been in a similar position.,我能了解他的观点，因为我也有过类似的经历。,In that clause 表示原因,Not that，but that,clause,Not that I am not willing to go with you,but that I am too busy.,不是因为我不愿和你一起去，而是音问我太忙。,Not that;but that,clause 不是因为而是因为,the rather that,clause,I will not go now,the rather that it is too late,正是因为太晚了，我现在才更不想去的。,I will be glad of it,the rather that you will benefit by it.,正是因为它对你有利，所以我才更感到高兴。,the rather that,clause表示原因,For all that,For all that he seems so bad-tempered，I still think he has a very kind nature.,尽管他好象脾气很坏，但我仍然认为他心地善良。,For all that 让步,But that,But that he helped,I should have failed.,要不是他帮忙的话，我早就失败了。,But that 表示条件,so much so that,He is very ignorant so much so that he can not read his own name.,他目不识丁，甚至连自己的名字都不会写。,Ships were built,and kept fully efficiently,so much so that the country remained safe for many years.,军舰造出来了，并且充分发挥了效能，国家从此得以多年太平无事。,so much so that表示结果,and that,They finished the work,and that in only a few days.,他们完成了那项工作，并且仅用了几天时间。,He lost a book,and that a rare one.,他丢了一本书，而且还是一本很珍贵的书。,and that用来代替前面的全部或部分，并强调后面的内容。,That clause,That I would like to go to Beijing with you!,真想和你一起去北京啊！,That he should do such a thing.,他竟能干出这样的事情来!,That 引导感叹句。,