manic-depression躁狂症.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Manic depression,Bipolar disorder was formerly called,manic depression,.It is a form of major affective disorder,or,mood disorder,defined by manic or hypomanic episodes(changes from ones normal mood accompanied by high energy states).,Bipolar disorder,is a serious condition.,Mania,often involves sleeplessness,sometimes for days,along with,hallucinations,psychosis,grandiose delusions,or paranoid rage.In addition,depressive episodes can be more devastating and harder to treat than in people who never have manias or hypomanias.,What Are the Signs of Mania in Bipolar Disorder?,What Are the Depression Symptoms of Bipolar Disorder?,AtWhatAgeIsBipolar,Disorder,Usually,Diagnosed?,WhatCausesBipolarDisorder?,WhatIsBipolarDisorder?,What Is Bipolar II Disorder?,What Are Signs of Hypomania in Bipolar II Disorder?,How Is Bipolar Disorder Diagnosed?,How Is Bipolar Disorder Treated?,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,Like with other mood disorders,the,causes of bipolar disorder,are not known.What is known is that bipolar disorder involves dysregulation of,brain,functioning and sometimes has a genetic component(it can run in families).,2,Bipolar disorder usually appears between ages 15 and 24 and persists through a lifetime.Its rare that newly diagnosed mania is seen in children or in adults over age 65.,Severity of symptoms varies with individuals who have bipolar disorder.While some people have a few symptoms,others have many that impair their ability to work and live a normal life.,Marked by relapses and remissions,bipolar disorder has a high rate of recurrence if untreated.Patients with severe mania usually require hospitalization to keep them from risky behaviors.Those who are severely depressed also might need hospitalization to keep them from acting on,suicidal,thoughts or psychotic symptoms(delusions,hallucinations,disorganized thinking).,About 90%of individuals with bipolar I disorder,which is the more serious form,have at least one psychiatric hospitalization.Two out of three will have two or more hospitalizations in their lifetime.,3,The clinical,depression symptoms,seen with bipolar disorder are the same as those seen in major depressive disorder and include:,Decreased appetite and/or,weight loss,or overeating and,weight,gain,Difficulty concentrating,remembering,and making decisions,Fatigue,decreased energy,being slowed down,Feelings of guilt,worthlessness,helplessness,Feelings of hopelessness,pessimism,Insomnia,early-morning awakening,or,oversleeping,Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities that were once enjoyed,including,sex,Persistent physical symptoms that do not respond to treatment,such as,headaches,digestive disorders,and,chronic pain,Persistently sad,anxious,or empty moods,Restlessness,irritability,Thoughts of death or,suicide,suicide attempts,4,While mania is the main characteristic of bipolar I disorder,bipolar II has milder periods of elation known as hypomania.It also has episodes of,major depression,.According to the,DSM-5,the diagnostic manual published by the American Psychiatric Association,the difference between mania and hypomania is the degree of severity as well as an absence of psychosis(delusions or hallucinations)in hypomania and no negative impact from high symptoms in work and social functioning.,6,As with most mood disorders,there is no laboratory test or,brain,imaging method to diagnose bipolar disorder.After performing a,physical exam,your doctor will evaluate your signs and symptoms.Your doctor will also ask you about your personal medical history and family history.Lab tests may be done to rule out other medical illnesses that can affect mood.,Treatment for bipolar disorder may include the use of mood stabilizers such as,lithium,.Certain anticonvulsants,antipsychotics,and benzodiazepines may also be used to stabilize mood.Sometimes,antidepressants,are given in combination with mood stabilizers to boost the depressed mood,although,antidepressants,are often not as effective as some mood stabilizers or certain atypical antipsychotics for,treating depression,in bipolar disorder,.,who,?,?,?,Suffer from depression,Who is he?,Depression,Family,Education,Career,Robin Williams,suicide,Williams mother was Laurie McLaurin,a former model and great-granddaughter to Mississippi senator and governor Anselm J.McLaurin.,His father,Robert Fitzgerald Williams,was a senior executive in Ford Motor Companys Lincoln-Mercury Division.Williams had two brothers:Robert Todd Williams and McLaurin Smith.,Williams married his first wife,Valerie Velardi,on June 4,1978 and their son,Zachary Pym Williams,was born in 1983.The couple divorced in 1988 after Williams had an affair with Michelle Tish Carter,a cocktail waitress he met in 1984.,On April 30,1989,he married Marsha Garces,his sons nanny,who was pregnant with his daughter Zelda Rae(born that same year).In 1991,Garces also gave birth to a son named Cody Alan.Williams and Garces divorce,due to irreconcilable differences,was finalized in 2010.,On October 23,2011,Williams married his third and final wife,Susan Schneider,a graphic designer.,Late one night after rehearsal,Dunn predicted to his wife that Williams was going to be something special.,In 1973,Williams was awarded a full scholarship to the Julliard School in New York City,one of only 20 students to be accepted into that years freshman class and one of only two students to be accepted by John Houseman into the Advanced Program that year-the other being Christopher Reeve.William Hurt and Mandy Patinkin were also classmates.,In 1976,at the suggestion of Houseman,Williams left Julliard because Houseman said that there was nothing else that Julliard could teach him.,Another teacher at Julliard,Gerald Freeman,described Williams as a genius,saying that the conservative and classical style of training at the school did not suit Williams and that he was not surprised he had left.,Throughout the 70s,Williams developed his standup act,first in San Francisco,and later in Los Angeles.He also appeared on such television shows as,The Richard Pryor Show,Laugh-In,and,Eight Is Enough,before finally playing Mork in,Mork and Mindy,a character which he would forever be remembered for,even after he found great fame as a movie actor.,Although Williams was initially known for his zany and fast-paced improvisational skills,he soon proved that he could also excel as a serious dramatic actor,going on to star in such movies as,where he played an irreverent radio DJ named Adrian Cronauer,and in,Dead Poets Society,in which he played a free-thinking teacher named John Keating.Both earned him Academy Award nods for lead actor.In addition,his role as a psychologist in the film,Good Will Hunting,earned him an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor.Among other memorable roles are his voice over work as Genie in Disneys.,窈窕奶爸,(Mrs.Doubtfire),勇敢者的游戏,(Jumanji),What many did not realize about the comedic genius who was Robin Williams was that,while he gave joy to so many,he suffered greatly in his personal life.During his time working on,Mork and Mindy,he developed problems with both drugs and alcohol,which he would continue to battle with for more than two decades.,Over the years it was rumored that Williams suffered from,bipolar disorder,although he himself denied having either bipolar disorder or,clinical depression,admitting only that he did get bummed at certain times.,Unfortunately for all who loved and admired the brilliant funnyman,it was not enough to help pull him out of his despair.On the evening of August 10,at about 10:30 p.m.,his wife Susan was the last to see him alive as she headed off to bed.The next morning,when his personal assistant came to check on him at 11:45 a.m.,his cold and lifeless body was found with a belt around his neck,the other end wedged between the closet door and the door frame.,Actor and singer Qiao Renliangs sudden death came as a shock to many fans.But his agents revelation,implying that the 28-year-old could have killed himself,has brought another shockwave.,In an announcement,the actors agent said his suicide could have been triggered by,depression,which was the result of“,work overload,false reporting,and,slandering,.”,However,many Chinese netizens misinterpreted Qiaos post they thought he wasnt sincere enough.Soon,people masked behind their computer screens started trolling the actor,accusing him of being insensitive toward the incident.Tired of the online tirade,Qiao made a truce he apologized,deleted his post and then donated one million yuan to families of the fallen soldiers.,With time,though the wound from the vicious internet attack seemed to heal,its scar always traumatized the young actor.It left him distressed and depressed,and he often resorted to sleeping pills an as answer to insomnia.All the events ultimately led to his untimely death.,As celebrities and their lives have become more accessible in a highly digital world,scrutiny on their public and personal sphere has only become deeper and uglier.While they have millions of fans rallying in support online,there are also equal number of trolls who spew hatred and criticisms to the extent that it diminishes their stardom,and in some cases affecting them psychologically.And in the aftermath of Qiaos death,the negativity only seems to have spilled further,as the foul netizens went after actress Joe Chen.They are slamming his co-star and close friend for not publicly mourning Qiaos death on Weibo.Chens agent however clarified that the actress was overwhelmed with grief.,And as a star fades from the real life limelight,his death has once again ignited the discussion on mental health and also the ill-effects from the spate of,cyber-bullying,and,cyber-violence,that is silently taking a toll on hundreds and thousands of people across the world.,Postnatal depression(PND),Sujata Setia,after a 26-hour labour,the former TV news journalist and radio presenter struggled to bond with her daughter and felt angry and ungrateful about being a mother.I feel extremely guilty about pushing Aayat away as a newborn,but the physical trauma was so extreme.No one will ever truly tell you how difficult the process of labour is.,Sujata suffered extreme lows and highs following her daughters birth and while Vijay(mother-in-law)always gave her the care she needed,she struggled to cope as a new mum.,“I hope I will create enough memories for Aayat for her to be able to forget when the doctor brought her to me newborn and I shooed him away in anger.”,My daughter has taught me how to be selfless and has made me fall in love with motherhood-now I cant imagine life without her.,mother-in-law,Postnatal depression(PND)is suffered by a mother following childbirth,typically arising from the combination of hormonal changes,psychological adjustment to motherhood,and fatigue.,Loneliness,constant anxiety,fear for the child,loss of interest for life,ideas about self-destruction are signs of PND.,At the same time a woman feels guilty in front of the child which makes her think of herself as a bad mother.,Most mothers are afraid to admit to themselves,let alone to other people,that their child is a source of unpleasant emotional stress,.,If a woman cant manage her new condition and doesnt get the support she needs,it might get worse and last for months,even years.,The mothers state is passed on to her baby.Instead of warmth and tenderness,he/she receives a sense of alarm,uncertainty and sorrow.,These children are more troubled,lonely,less sure of their mothers love and therefore of themselves.,再次感谢锐友的指导和关心,谢谢您的支持,!,