高考英语考试目标.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考英语考试目标,Students:Class 3,Senior Three,Teacher:Shen Ping,Time:2007.10.17 Wed.,Practical Reading skills,Reading Objectives(35),(高考英语考试目标),2.,To guess the meaning implied in the passage,(推测文章中的隐含意义),3.,To understand the words and sentences by context,(根据上下文正确理解词语和句子),4.,To finish reading different types of writing by reading skills (用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读),1.,To understand and conclude the major idea of the passage (理解归纳文章主旨大意),Practical Reading Skills,1.To find out the,title,key words,and,key sentences.,2.According the,context,and the,relationship,between words,one can,guess,the meaning.,3.To understand the words and sentences through,word-building（构词法）,synonym（同义词），sentence conversion（句型转换）,etc.,4.To use different kinds of reading skills(,skimming,scanning,skip,),Homework,Review the reading skills we have learnt,today.,2.Finish the extra exercises.,A.Skills(技巧):,了解文章段落组成结构,.,a.,主题句在段首,b.,主题句在段末,c.,主题句在中间,2.,如有标题，标题中的蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。,3.,任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的,关键词,。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。,4.,忽略生词。,1.To understand and conclude the major idea of the passage(理解归纳文章主旨大意),B.主旨大意题的题干表现形式,1.主题型:,1)The main idea of the passage is,2)The passage is mainly concerned with,(上海06B,07D篇),3)What is the passage mainly about,4)What can be concluded from the passage,(07上海C篇),2.目的类,1)The passage is meant to.,2)The purpose of this article is to,3.标题类,The best title for the passage might be,2)Which of the following is probably the best title,of the passage(07上海A篇),C.应试技巧 如何寻找主题,句,Example 1,People have different tastes in food.Some feel that they havent eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat.Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal.Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti,eggplant,and fresh fruit.Others could live on what were called fast-foods:a hamburger or hot dog,French fries and a soft drink.,（1）主题句在段首,一个主题句常常是一个段落的开头，其后的句子则是论证性细节。在论说文，科技文献和新闻报道中多采用这种格式。,_,Example 2,Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do.Others prefer to be left to work on their own.Still others like a democratic discussion type of class.No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy all students at the same time.,（2）主题句也会出现在段尾。,作者先摆出事实依据,层层推理论证,最后自然得出结论,即段落的主题。,本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。,_,_,Example 3,Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat.Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark.In fact,the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand.A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.,（3）在短文中间,当主题句被安排在段中间时,通常前面只提出问题,文中,的主题由随之陈述的细节或合乎逻辑的引申在文中导出,而后又作进一步的解释,支撑或发展.,_,_,_,What do you want to be when you grow up A,teacher A doctor How about an ice-cream taster,Yes,there really is a job where you can get paid,to taste ice-cream.Just ask John Harrion,an,“Official Taste Tester”for the past 21 years.,Testing helps manufacturers to be sure of a products,quality.During his career Harrison has been responsible,for approving large quantities of the sweet ice cream,as well as for developing over 75 flavors(味道).,68.Which of the following is probably the best title of,the passage,A.Tasting with Eyes B.Flavors of Ice Cream,C.John Harrisons LifeD.One Cool Job,实战练习 07上海reading A,_,2.To guess the meaning implied in the passage (推测文章中的隐含意义),A.Skills：,(1),解推断题最主要的方法是根据,词义关系,推断具体细节。,(2)推理的根据来自于上下文。,B.推断题的常见形式：,(1)It can be inferred from the text that,(2)From the text we know that,(3)The story implies that,(4)The paragraph following the passage will most probably be,(5)The writers attitude towardis,Example 1,One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches(蟑螂)and two spiders.”,“What do you need these things for”the shop assistant was very surprised.,“Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”,Q：The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house,it was _.,A.very clean B.just cleaned by the landlord,C.tidy and comfortable D.dirty and full of insects,_,_,_,_,_,_,根据,词义关系,推断具体细节。,Example 2,Twelveyearold Sally was an active girl，but her sister was quite,sedate,A.pretty B.calm C.protective D.energetic,【解析】答案为 B calm。句中的 but合符逻辑，指明,sedate正是active的反义词。calm实为sedate的同义词,或近义词。这样but就成为寻找sedate这个生词意思的,答案的线索或信息。,3.To understand the words and sentences by context,(根据上下文理解词语和句子),Skills,(1),利用我们所熟悉的词或短语和上下文中的已知部分进行,逻辑上的推理,.,B.常见形式,1)The underlined word in the paragraph refers to/means,2)What does“_”in paragraph stand for/mean,3)“_”could best be replaced by which of the following,4)The expression/phrase“_”means,5)The word“_”is closest in meaning to,（2）常用的手段是利用多种表达法、,词的多义性,、,同近义语替换、习语释义、句型或语态转换,否定命题假设等,有时还需依靠,构词法,。,When a contractor is ready to begin construction of,a superhighway,he makes a,preliminary,study of the,drawings and blueprints supplied by the engineers.,He gains mental picture of the whole job before he begins,actual construction,A.preparatory B.extensive,C.scientific D.necessary,Example,4,Read the paragraph quickly and guess the meaning,of the underline word:,Example 2,Rainforests like the Amazon are important for,mopping up,CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming.Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tonnes of CO2 each year:equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year.,Q:,The underlined phrase“mopping up”in the second paragraph means_.,A cleaning up B taking in,C wiping out D giving out,Example 1(NMET2005上海卷，A篇),Simplify the way of finding your direction by using,lines such as streets in a town,streams,or walls in,the countryside to guide you.Count your steps so,that you know how far you have gone and note any,landmarks such as tower blocks or hills which can help,to find out where you are.,Now you need never get lost again!,68.According to the passage,the best way to,find your,way around,is to _.,A.ask policemen for directions.,B.use walls,streams and streets to guide yourself.,C.remember your route by looking out for steps and stairs.,D.count the number of landmarks that you see.,析：此题题干中的find your way around与题区中的find your,direction形成同义指代，由此根据题区确定答案是B项。,Example 3,(NMET2004上海卷，D篇),No one can claim that the fashion,industry contributes anything really important,to society.Fashion designers,are rarely,concerned with vital,things like warmth,comfort,and durability.,88.The writer would be less critical if fashion,designers,placed more stress on,the _ of,clothing.,A.cost B.appearance C.comfort D.suitability,析：此题属于取非求解，题干中的词组placed more,stress on和题区中的are rarely concerned with形成,强烈的对比。题干对题区进行了否定命题假设，所以答案,要根据题区进行推论，并得出正确答案是C,4.To finish reading different types of writing by reading skills(用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读),A.注意点:,高中教材中的阅读材料题材多样，体裁各异。,从,文学角度,来分，有,小说、戏剧、诗歌、散文,等。但从文章的,写作方式,上来看，一般都以,记叙文和说明文,为主。记叙文中包,括,传记、故事、传奇和游记,等。说明文中涉及了,科学技术、天,文地理、环境保护、自然灾害、医疗救护和饮食文化,等主题。,B.Reading Skills:,Extensive reading:We must train our ability to scan,skip and read fast.Namely,the ability to catch the key,words,the topic sentences and the drift of the articles.,泛读,:,要培养浏览,跳读和快读的能力,.,即抓住关键词,主题句和,中心大意的能力,.,3S(Scan,Skim,Skip),Scanning:,like skimming,scanning is also quick,reading.However,in this case the search is more,focused.To scan is to read quickly in order to locate,specific information.When you read,you need to,find a particular,date,name,or number you are scanning,.,07上海Reading B,69.The,Fresh Water series,at 9 PM _.,A.explores the lakes,rivers and the creatures in them,B.is devoted to the freshwater creatures in the world,C.explains the relationship among inhabitants on the earth,D.focuses on the deepest river on the planet,70.The phrase“stow away”most probably means“_”.,A.hide secretly B.talk excitedly,C.operate easily D.guide successfully,71.A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christies novel will be shown,on _.,A.BBC1B.BBC2C.ITV1 D.Channel 4,A,A,C,Skimming:,Skimming is quick reading of the general,ideas of the passage.This kind of rapid reading is,appropriate when trying to decide if careful reading,would be desirable or when there is not time to read,something carefully.,07上海Reading(E),Do established musicians have a responsibility to guide and assist young up-andcoming musicians?,Did anyone promote your musical education when you were growing up?,What kind of“world music”do you enjoy?,Whats your comment on pop music?,Does the contemporary music press give jazz the coverage it deserves?,Whats wrong with the music on the radio?,An interview with Wynton Marsalis,a noted jazz,musician,80.,There were the older jazz musicians who hung around our house,when I was young.I saw how much they practiced,how serious,they were about their art.I knew then I had to work just as hard,if I wanted to succeed.Of course,my father inspired me a lot,and many teachers took the time to nurture my talent and the,talents of other students in our school.,81.,Yes.Weve done such a poor job with music education because,as a,society,we havent maintained the kind of education that a true artist and,musician needs.Young people havent been able to equate romance and,talent with music.For instance,most of the people who make it in the,music industry today have to look good.How they sound is secondary.,Sarah Vaughan,Bessie Smith,Ella Fitzgerald those big,romantic queens,of jazz music wouldnt make it in todays music industry,and thats a shame.,We need to teach young people about the alternatives.,B,A,84.,The music press has so much to introduce these days,and jazz is just a small fraction of it.Because some people are intimidated by jazz,they dont cover it unless its a big name.new jazz musicians dont get much of break.A lot of editors dont say anything about jazz these days unless its Marsalis.Thats a shame.What VH1 is doing with their Save the Music campaign is phenomenal.Theyre getting all these instruments out to needy kids.Its the kind of thing all networks should be doing.,83,The same music is on the radio all over the world,and the American sound is,overwhelming.Even the pop music thats produced and created in foreign countries,has that American beat,that underscore of funk.As a musician,Im not interested,in hearing recycled versions of the same genre over and over.Any music that doesnt,have a development section just isnt interesting to me.,82.,Around the world people make music that,if you listen carefully to it,sounds a little like the cadence of their language.Id call it folk music.When Im away from home,I make a point of listening to regional folk music,not whats on the radio.,C,F,E,更多资源,