中考英语阅读理解专题.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,LO,GO,之解题技巧,中考英语阅读理解,考试的一种重要题型，总分占比大,失分比较严重,题型,难度,2019,年深圳中考试题比重,2020,年中考试题预测比重,考点,细节,理解,简单,题型,55%,55%65%,1,、获取文章的具体信息,2,、根据文章的具体信息进行简单的推理和判断,3,、找出文中表示时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑思维顺序和,结构顺序的关键词以及,文章写作的框架,主旨,大意,难题,15%,15%20%,理解归纳文章的主旨要义，为文章选定合适的题目,推测,判断,较难题,25%,20%25%,理解作者的观点、意图和态度,词义,猜测,较难题,5%,10%20%,根据上下文和构词法判断、,理解生词的含义,ONTENT,C,01,主旨大意题,02,推理判断题,03,词 义 猜 测 题,04,细节理解题,01,01,主旨大意题,考点：,文章的中心思想,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 1,】,段首段尾定主旨。,【,e.g,】,People have different tastes in food.Some feel that they havent eaten a meal when they havent had steak or other red meat.Some people prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal.Others prefer vegetables and fruit or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti(,细条实心面,).,【,Q,】,What is the main idea of the passage?,Some people prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal.,B.Some people prefer vegetables and fruit or grains.,C.Most people like meat.,D.People have different tastes in food.,Do one thing at a time,and do well.,Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep,on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 2,】,标题定主旨。,【,e.g,】,How to make a fire,Once upon a time,people didnt know how to start fires.They perhaps started fires from lighting.Later people learned how to start fires.They found out hitting two pieces of stone together could make a spark.As years went by,people learned other ways to start a fire.Sometimes they used heat from the sun to make a fire.,【,Q,】,This article mainly talks about_.,A.fire,B.how to start a fire,C.why people have to use fires,D.how clever people are,Do one thing at a time,and do well.,Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep,on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【Skill 3】抓住文章的重要情节，概括文章的主旨。,【e.g】Do you own a flashlight?Few inventions are so helpful to a man who is afraid of the dark.The modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand.A camper also needs one after the light of the campfire,has been out.,【,Q,】,What is the passage mainly about?,A.The history of a flashlight.,B.How to use a flashlight.,C.A flash is very helpful.,D.Who invented the flashlight.,主旨大意题一般有如下设问方式：,1.The main idea of the passage is _.,2.The passage is mainly about _.,3.The best title of the passage is_.,02,02,推理判断题,考点：,逻辑判断+推理技巧,作者的写作意图或言外之意,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 1,】,根据上下文提供的信息进行推断。,【,e.g,】,One day a young man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant,“Could I have two mice and about twenty roaches(,蟑螂,)?”“Why do you need these things?”the shop assistant was very surprised.,“Well,”answered the young man,“Im moving out of my apartment(,公寓,)and the landlord(,房东,)said that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”,【,Q,】,From the passage we know the apartment may be _ before the young man moved into it.,A.very clean,B.just cleaned by the landlord,C.tidy and comfortable,D.dirty and full of insects(,昆虫,),Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 2,】,根据作者的语气、论调和倾向进行推断。,【,e.g,】,Bill:Do I have to take the test?,Teacher:Do you want to pass the course?,【,Q,】,What did the teacher mean?,A.Bill must study to pass.,B.Bill wont pass unless he takes the test.,C.Bill neednt take the test.,D.Bill may miss the test.,推理判断题一般有如下设问方式：,1.The writer suggests that _.,2.From the passage we know that_.,3.What did the writer mean?,4.The writers attitude toward.is that _.,5.It can be inferred from the text that_.,03,03,词义猜测题,考点：,猜测生词词义,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 1,】,根据定义猜测生词的词义。,(be,，,call,，,be called,等判断词来为某些词下定义,),【,e.g,】,A,carpenter,is a person who is good at making or repairing wooden objects.=A person who is good at making or repairing wooden objects is called a,carpenter,.,【,Q,】,Whats the meaning of the word“carpenter”?,A.,铁匠,B.,木匠,C.,泥瓦匠,D.,裁缝,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 2,】,根据同位语的意义猜测生词的词义。,【,e.g,】,My father is a,botanist,an expert who does research on plants.,【,Q,】,The word“,botanist,”most likely means_.,A.,生物学家,B.,植物学家,C.,动物学家,D.,发明家,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【Skill 3】根据破折号或冒号背面的解释阐明猜测生词的词义。,【e.g 1】Sports improve two valuable traitsnamely,self-control and the ability to make quick decisions.,【Q】1.Which of the following is closest in meaning to“traits”?,A.技巧 B.速度 C.本质 D.品质,【e.g 2】You can take any of the periodicals:English learning,Reader,or The world of English.,【Q】2.The word“periodicals”means_.,A.书本 B.期刊；杂志 C.故事书,D.科幻片,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【Skill4】根据对比关系猜测生词的词义。,(but，however，yet和though等表达转折意义的连词),【e.g 1】Though Toms face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains grubby.,【Q】1.The word“grubby”means_.,A.洁净的 B.潮湿的 C.肮脏的 D.干燥的,【e.g 2】John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things；his wife,however,is very thrifty.,【Q】2.The meaning of the word“thrifty”is_.,A.挥霍的 B.节俭的 C.无用的 D.有用的,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 6,】,根据并列关系猜测词义。,【,e.g,】,In the northeast of the United States,summer temperatures are very different from winter temperatures.Summer is usually very hot and winter is usually cold.Spring temperatures are warm and,fall,temperatures are cool.,【,Q,】,The word,“,fall,”in the passage means_.,A.,落下,B.,降落,C.,秋天,D.,跌倒,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【Skill 7】根据词根、词缀猜测派生词的词义。,【e.g 1】The book is uninteresting,I dont like it.,【Q】1.The word“uninteresting”means_.,A.有趣的 B.故意思的 C.没趣味的 D.不重要的,【e.g 2】His handwriting is very bad,its almost unreadable.,【Q】2.The word“unreadable”means_.,A.很好读的 B.舒适的 C.工整的,D.没法读的,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up Whatever.,85,%,【,Skill 8,】,根据生活常识猜测生词的词义。,【,e.g 1,】,The door was so low that he hit this head on the,lintel,.,【,Q,】,1.The word“,lintel,”means_.,A.,过梁,B.,门,C.,墙壁,D.,门框,【,e.g 2,】,George Washington is the first,president,in American history.,【,Q,】,2.The word“,president,”means_.,A.,经理,B.,董事,C.,总统,D.,秘书,词义猜测题一般有如下设问方式：,1.According to the author,the word“.”means _.,2.By“.”the author means _.,3.Which of the following is nearest(closest)in meaning to“.”?,4.The word“.”in the passage means _.,5.The word“.”most likely means _.,04,04,细节理解题,细节理解题一般有如下设问方式：,1)Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?,2)How many.?What/Who/When/Where/How/Why.?,3)Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?,4)The author gives the example in.paragraph in order to.,5)Which of the following best describes.?,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.Believe in yourself.,【,Skill,1,】,根据文章的中心思想来,把握事实,和细节,。,【,e.g,】,A friend of mine liked drawing horses.He drew thehorses very,well,but he always began at the tail.Now it is the Western rule to begin at the,head of the horse,that is why I was surprised.It struck me that it could not really make any difference whether the artist begins at the head or the tail or the belly,（肚子）,or the foot of the horse,if he really knows his business.And most great artists who really know their business do not follow other peoples rules.They make their own rules.Everyone of them does his work in a way peculiar(,奇特的,)to himself,and the peculiarity means only that he finds it easier to work in that way.,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.Believe in yourself.,Now the very same thing is true to literature.And,the question,“How shall I begin?”only means that you,want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail,or somewhere else.That is,you are not yet experienced enough,to trust to your own powers.When you become more experienced you will never ask the question,and I think that you will often begin at the tail that is to say,you will write the end of the story before you have even thought of the beginning.,【,Q,】,1.You are not yet experienced because _.,A.you dont know where to begin,B.you want to begin at the head instead of beginning at the tail,C.you always asked questions,D.you do not trust to your own powers,2.When you become more experienced you _.,A.will never ask questions,B.will often begin at the tail,C.should write the end of the story,D.should think of the beginning,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.Believe in yourself.,【,Skill 2,】,根据文章中某些特定的句子来把握事实和细节。,【,e.g,】,One day Mrs.White went to buy a fish with her,daughter.She didnt know how to cook it,so she asked the shopkeeper,to write down the way of cooking it on a note.She put the note in her daughters pocket and then they left the shop happily with the fish.,On their way home,a black cat saw them and followed them.Suddenly the cat jumped at her,took the fish away from her quickly and ran off at once.Mrs.White didnt know what to do.,But suddenly she remembered something.She laughed and shouted at the cat,“You dont know how to cook it.The note is still in my daughters pocket!”,【,Q,】,The cat took the fish away from_.,A.the shop B.the woman,C.the womans daughter D.Mr.Black,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.Believe in yourself.,【Skill 3】根据文章提供的详细内容来把握事实和细节。,【e.g】Therere many different kinds of food in China.Some of,them are very popular.Dumplings are the real Chinese food.Now,lets talk about them,OK?Everyone in China likes dumplings very much,and there are many different kinds of dumplings.Some have meat in them and others have vegetables,eggs and so on.I like dumplings without meat better than any other kind.,【,Q,】,Does the writer like the dumplings without,meat,?A.I dont know.,B.Yes,he does.,C.No,he doesnt.,D.No,he likes dumplings that have meat in them.,1.,首末段、,首末句,3.,对比处,2.,转折处,5.,因果处,4.,举例处,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.Believe in yourself.,e.g,Therere many different kinds of food in China.,Some of them are very popular.Dumplings are the real,Chinese food.Now lets talk about them,OK?Everyone in China,likes dumplings very much,and there are many different kinds of dumplings.Some have meat in them and others have vegetables,eggs and so on.I like dumplings without meat better than any other kind.,【,Q,】,Does the writer like dumplings without meat?,A.I dont know.,B.Yes,he does.,C.No,he doesnt.,D.No,he likes dumplings that have meat in them.,首末段、首末句,常见表达转折的标志词：but,however,yet,though,although,while,even though/if,despite,instead等,转折处,Do one thing at a time,and do well.Never forget to say“thanks”.Keep on going never give up.Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.Believe in yourself.,【,Skill 2,】,根据文章中某些特定的句子来把握事实和细节。,【,e.g,】,One day Mrs.White went to buy a fish with her,daughter.She didnt know how to cook it,so she asked the shopkeeper,to write down the way of cooking it on a note.She put the note in her daughters pocket and then they left the shop happily with the fish.,On their way home,a black cat saw them and followed them.Suddenly the cat jumped at her,took the fish away from her quickly and ran off at once.Mrs.White didnt know what to do.,常见表达因果的标志词：because,as/since,thanks to,due to,therefore,so,as a result等,因果处,干扰项,也许属文中某个详细事实或细节,也许属从文中某些(不完全的)事实或细节片面推出的错误结论。,也许属非文章事实的主观臆断,(对的答案)是根据文章意思全面理解而归纳概括出来的；但不能太笼统、言过其实或以偏概全。,THANK YOU!,