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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need,but not every mans greed.,Mahatma Gandhi,A nation that destroys its soils destroys itself.Forests are the lungs of our land,purifying the air and giving fresh strength to our people.,Franklin Delano Roosevelt,4,4,UNIT,Nature:To worship or to conquer,Section A,4,4,UNIT,Achieving sustainable environmentalism,Objectives,To talk about environmental issues,To fully understand the text,To apply the phrases and patterns,To master the argumentative essay,writing skill,Nature:To worship or to conquer,Contents,Warming-up Activities,Text Study,Language Application,Summary,Achieving sustainable environmentalism,Section A,Warming-up Activities,Lead-in,Pre-reading Activities,Cultural Background,Achieving sustainable environmentalism,Section A,Lead-in,Short Answer Questions,Tips,These pictures remind us more of the environmental problems we human beings are encountered with at present,including air pollution(hazy weather),water pollution,deforestation,wild animals extinction and so on.,1.What do the following pictures remind you of in terms of the environmental issues?,Lead-in,Short Answer Questions,Man has the“blood ties”,with nature.Mankind has to depend on nature for his food,medicine,shelter,clothing and other necessities to be able to survive.However,due to industrialization and economic development,man does not live in harmony with nature anymore.While transforming nature for his own sake,man has been over exploring and using the natural resources,resulting in such problems as global warming,soil erosion,shortage of fresh water,and sandstorms.Man has suffered a lot from the problems.,Tips,2.What do you think of the relationship betweenman and nature,?,Listen and Talk,Pre-reading Activities,Listen to a passage about World Environment Day and then decide whether the following statements are true(T)or false(F).,1.World Environment Day falls on June 5 every year.,2.San Francisco is the second city in the United States that has held events to celebrate World Environment Day.,3.The main message of World Environment Day this year is“Plan for Our Cities”.,4.Cities use more than 57 percent of the worlds natural resources.,5.The events held this year include not only speeches from famous persons,but also fun activities such as concerts,parades,etc.,T,F,F,F,T,Listen to the passage again.Work in pairs and discuss the following questions.,1.What is your understanding of a“green city”?,2.To build a green city,besides the measures given in the passage such as building more healthy parks and reducing pollution,what other measures can you think of?,Pre-reading Activities,Listen and Talk,1.What is your understanding of a“green city”?,As I understand,a“green city”is a city or town that focuses on environmentally friendly practices.It aims to improve the livability of urban surroundings and benefit the well-being of citizens living there.,Pre-reading Activities,Listen and Talk,2.To build a green city,besides the measures given in the passage such as building more healthy parks and reducing pollution,what other measures can you think of?,To build a green city,other measures may include water quality control,efficient recycling and waste management,use of renewable energy sources,increase of city residents awareness of environmental protection,and easy access to products and services that make green lifestyle choices easy.,Pre-reading Activities,Listen and Talk,Global warming may or may not be the great environmental,_,of the 21st century,but,regardless of whether it is or isnt,we wont do much about it.We will argue over it and may even,as a nation,make some fairly solemn-sounding _ to avoid it.But the more dramatic and meaningful these commitments seem,the less likely they are to be,_,.,To be continued,crisis,commitments,Listen to a short passage concerning global warming.,observed,Al Gore calls global warming an“_,”as if merely recognizing it could put us on a path to a solution.But the real truth is that we dont know enough to _ global warming,and,without major technological _,we cant do much about it.From 2003 to 2050,the worlds population is _to grow from 6.4 billon to 9.1 billion,a 42%increase.,To be continued,inconvenient truth,relieve,breakthroughs,projected,Listen to a short passage concerning global warming.,If energy use per person and technology remain the same,total energy use and greenhouse gas,_,(mainly,CO,2,),will be 42%higher in 2050.But thats too low,because societies that grow richer use more energy.We need economic growth unless we,_,the worlds poor to their present,poverty and freeze everyone elses living standards.,emissions,condemn,Listen to a short passage concerning global warming.,To be continued,The practical solution is that if global warming is a,_,the only solution is new technology.Only an aggressive research and development program might find ways of breaking our dependence on,_,or dealing with it.,potential disaster,fossil fuels,Listen to a short passage concerning global warming.,Questions Previewing,1.What are the main ideas of Environmentalism?,2.What do you know about Protagoras?,Tips,Tips,Cultural Background,3.What is the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge(ANWR or Arctic Refuge)?,Tips,Environmentalism refers to the concern about the environment,or the consciousness about the intricate human-nature relation,which mainly advocates the preservation,restoration and/or improvement of the natural environment by social and political movements.,Cultural Background,What are the main ideas of Environmentalism?,Cultural Background,2.What do you know about Protagoras?,Protagoras is a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher and one of the several fifth century B.C.Greek thinkers collectively known as the Older Sophists(,诡辩家,).,Protagoras is known primarily for three claims:,1)Man is the measure of all things;2)He could make the worse(or weaker)argument appear the better(or stronger);3)One could not tell if the gods existed or not.,It is a national wildlife refuge in northeastern Alaska,United States,and the largest protected wilderness region in the country.The refuge supports a wide variety of plant and animal life including caribou,polar bears,grizzly bears,wolves,migratory birds,fish,dense shrubs,and rare groves of poplar trees.,Cultural Background,3.What is the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge(ANWR or Arctic Refuge)?,Main Idea&Structure,Language Focus,Critical Thinking,Text Study,Achieving sustainable environmentalism,Section A,Tips,How can we make the right choice among,so many different and conflicting proposals put forward in the name of environmental protection?,The author starts his argumentation by stating the importance of a keen _,in modern society.(Para.1),environmental awareness,What is the theme of the essay?,(Para.1),Introduction,:Two questions are raised to show that people have conflicting ideas about environmental protection.,The introduction paves the way for the authors central argument.,Part I (Para.1),The author introduces two new concepts:,environmental luxury,environmental necessities,Tips,While answering the question raised in Paragraph 1,what concepts does the author put forward?(Para.2),According to the author,what is the ultimate rule followed by rational environmentalism?(Para.2),The rule states that it is environmentally essential to fight against ecological change that directly does harm to the health and safety of human beings.,Tips,How does the author explain environmental necessity?(Paras.3-4),The author explains what is environmental necessity by giving two examples:combating ozone depletion and controlling the greenhouse effect.,Tips,According to Paragraph 5,why are ozone,depletion and the greenhouse effect considered,as urgent human disasters?(Para.5),Because they directly threaten human beings,and their consequences cannot be easily addressed.,Tips,In the first section of the body,the author tries to establish a rule that people can follow when making environmental choices.,Part II Section 1 (Paras.2-5),It indulges in overt earth worship.It is,sentimental,highly selective and incompatible with the reality of natural disasters.,Tips,According to Paragraph 6,what are the features of the environmentalism that is popular today?(Para.6),What does the author mean by saying“My nature worship stops with the twister that came through Kansas or the dreadful rains in Bangladesh that eradicated,whole villages and left millions homeless”?(Para.6),Tips,The author means that he doesnt think man should indulge in nature worship because natural disasters can bring people terrible tragedies.,What does the author intend to do by citing the example of oil drilling in ANWR?(Para.7),By using this example,the author aims to,strengthen his criterion of making environmental choices,whereby human interests should be given priority over those of animals or nature.,Tips,The author cites the debate about whether to drill for oil in ANWR to rebut the sentimental environmentalism and justify his own argument.,(Paras.7-9),The author thinks that protecting the livelihood of the logging families is more important than preserving the spotted owl.Again,the author aims to strengthen his own criterion through this example.,Tips,On the issue of preserving the spotted owl in,Oregon versus protecting the logging families,there,which side does the author take?Why?(Para.10),In the second section(Paras.6-10),the,author,with the purpose of strengthening his own criterion,argues against a different rule,one which he calls a _,which he says is characterized by _.,Part II Section 2(Paras.6-_),10,excessive earth worship,sentimental environmentalism,The author thinks that nature is under the,_ of us humans,rather than being our master.Humans need to respect nature as well as _ it.But when humans have to choose between their own interests and those of nature,they should put their own interests _.,Tips,What opinion does the author hold toward,the relationship between man and nature?(Para.11),cultivate,supervision,in the first place,Man should adapt to nature only when his fate,and that of nature are closely connected and,mans fate is put in danger.For example,ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect will threaten the living environment of man,Tips,According to the author,under what circumstance should humanity accommodate nature?Examples?(Para.12),Part three is the conclusion.,The,author,restates his central argument:Human interests should be given _ over those of nature although human beings should _ to nature only,when their own survival is being endangered by environmental changes.,Part III(Paras.11-_),13,priority,adapt,This text is an argumentative writing in which the author tries to make a contrast between two different opinions about environmental protection,through which he tries to justify his claim that human interests should be put above those of nature,and that human beings should protect nature only on the grounds that their own interests are guaranteed.,Main Idea of the Text,Main Idea&Structure,Two questions are raised to show that people have conflicting ideas about environmental protection,.(Para.1),Introduction,Introduction,Main body:Section 1 and Section 2,The author tries to establish a rule for people to follow when they make environmental choices.(Paras.2-5),The author rebuts a different rule,called a sentimental environmentalism,which he says is characterized by excessive earth worship.(Paras.6-10),Body:Section 1,A rule,called a sane environmentalism,for making environmental choices is presented.,(Para.5),The author defines environmental luxuries and environmental necessities.(Para.2),The author gives examples“combating ozone depletion and the greenhouse effect”to explain what he sees as,an environmental necessity.(Paras.3-4),Body:Section 2,The author cites the debate about preserving the spotted owl in Oregon vs.protecting the livelihood of the logging families to justify his own argument.,(Para.10),The author reviews a different rule,one which he calls a sentimental environmentalism.(Para.6),The author cites the debate about whether to drill for oil in ANWR to rebut the sentimental environmentalism,and justify his own argument.(Paras.7-9),The author restates his central argument:Human interests should be given priority over those of nature.(Paras.11-13),Introduction,Main body:establishing a rule and,rebutting a different rule,Conclusion,Introduction,Main body:establishing a rule and rebutting a different rule,Conclusion,Sharp concern for environmental protection,similar to the belief in _ or the opposition to plastic surgery,is a necessary _ to people in the upper class world.But people have different opinions about it.Therefore,how can we make the right choice among so many different and conflicting proposals put forward in the name of environmental _?,To be continued,democracy,attitude,protection,To answer the question,it is necessary to follow a rule for making environmental choices:the so-called _,which advocates that combating ecological changes that directly do harm to human health and safety is an _.The criterion for making environmental choices indicates that nature should _ human beings,and that human beings should protect nature only when their own interests are not affected.,To be continued,sane environmentalism,environmental necessity,serve,While other people put forward a different rule,called a _,which is characterized by excessive earth _,human interests should be given priority over those of animals or nature and nature should be _ to human beings because human interests are more important than those of nature.,sentimental environmentalism,worship,subordinate,Practical Phrases,Meanings,1.differentiate between,把,区分,2.take on,呈现（某种特征）,3.strike,a chord with,引起共鸣,4.run/go against the grains,与,格格不入,5.be in,compatible with,与,不相容的,e through,安然度过,7.choose,sth.over sth.else,优先选择,(,某物,),而非,把,区分,(,fantasy/seek medical help,),After staying in the net bar for several days and nights,he was no longer able to,differentiate between,fantasy and reality.He should seek medical help.,differentiate between,短语逆译,短语应用,在网吧呆了几天几夜，他已经不能区分虚幻和现实了。他应该寻求医疗帮助。,意群提示,呈现（某种特征）,(,official visit/a new look,),We firmly believe that after the leaders official visit to Britain,the relations between the two countries must,take on,a new look.,take on,短语逆译,短语应用,我们相信，通过领导人对英国的正式访问，两国之间的关系一定会呈现出新面貌。,意群提示,引起共鸣,(charming pictures/touching plots/young audience,),With its charming picture,touching plots and beautiful music,the movies,struck a chord with,the young audience.,strike a chord with,短语逆译,短语应用,这部电影以它迷人的画面、动人的情节和优美的音乐在年轻观众中引起了共鸣。,意群提示,与,格格不入,Out of our expectation,what he said and did in the public that day,ran against the grains,of his social status indeed.,run/go against the grains,短语逆译,短语应用,令我们意外的是，那天在公共场
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