高考英语复习-第二部分-阅读理解-15-生态环保类.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题十五生态环境保护类,1/26,-,2,-,(,全国,D),We may think we,re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new,but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices(,装置)well after they go out of style.That,s bad news for the environmentand our walletsas these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.,2/26,-,3,-,To figure out how much power these devices are using,Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its lifefrom when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation.Desktop computers,basic mobile phones,and box-set TVs defined 1992.Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And MP3 players,smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in,before tablets and e-readers showed up in.,3/26,-,4,-,As we accumulated more devices,however,we didn,t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids,room,and suddenly one day,you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher.The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in.We,re not just keeping these old deviceswe continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt,s team,old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions(,排放)more than doubling during the 1992 to window.,4/26,-,5,-,So what,s the solution(,处理方案)?The team,s data only went up to,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for world processing and TV viewing.They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.,5/26,-,6,-,32,.What does the author think of new devices?,A.They are environment-friendly.,B.They are no better than the old.,C.They cost more to use at home.,D.They go out of style quickly.,33,.Why did Babbitt,s team conduct the research?,A.To reduce the cost of minerals.,B.To test the life cycle of a product.,C.To update consumers on new technology.,D.To find out electricity consumption of the devices.,34,.Which of the following uses the least energy?,A.The box-set TV.B.The tablet.,C.The LCD TV.D.The desktop computer.,6/26,-,7,-,35,.What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?,A.Stop using them.B.Take them apart.,C.Upgrade them.D.Recycle them.,7/26,-,8,-,【文章结构】,8/26,-,9,-,【难点分析】,The team,s data only went up to,but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function,such as a tablet for world processing and TV viewing.,这个团体数据仅仅是到年,不过研究人员也在探讨,假如消费者用像兼有文字处理和电视观看功效直板电脑一样多功效电子产品替换旧产品话,将会发生什么样情况?,分析:what would happen if consumers replaced.是虚拟语气,使得作者表述语气委婉。,9/26,-,10,-,【语篇导读】,本文是议论文。当我们购置了新电子设备时,我们依然使用旧电子设备。其实,旧电子设备花费能源比新设备要多,从而损害我们环境、浪费我们金钱。,32,.A,推理判断题。依据第一段最终一句,“That,s,bad,news,for,the,environmentand,our,walletsas,these,outdated,devices,consume,much,more,energy,than,the,newer,ones,that,do,the,same,things”,可知,过时设备要比新设备消耗更多能源,所以可推测出新设备对环境有好处。,33,.D,细节了解题。依据第二段第一句,“To,figure,out,how,much,power,these,devices,are,using,Callie,Babbitt.tracked,the,environmental,costs,for,each,product,throughout,its,life”,可知,Babbitt,和她同事做这项研究是为了发觉这些设备所消耗能量,所以选,D,项。,10/26,-,11,-,34,.B,细节了解题。依据文章最终一句,“They,found,that,more,on-demand,entertainment,viewing,on,tablets,instead,of,TVs,and,desktop,computers,could,cut,energy,consumption,by,44%”,可知,B,项使用能量最少。,35,.A,推理判断题。依据第一段中,“We,may,think,we,re,a,culture,that,gets,rid,of,our,worn,technology.”,以及第三段中,“As,we,accumulated,more,devices,however,we,didn,t,throw,out,our,old,ones”,可知,文章提议人们不要再使用旧电子设备。,11/26,-,12,-,A,(,北京朝阳二模,),Dear Koko,I,ve learned about you from my amazing teacher.I think it,s fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language.I,ve spent a lot of time watching you in different videos and love you from the bottom of my heart.,12/26,-,13,-,It,s heartbreaking to learn about all of the cruel things done to gorillas(,大猩猩).In Africa,for example,the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat.They don,t understand the influence their actions are having on gorillas.Another thing is the loss of gorillas,natural home,which is caused by the improved infrastructure such as building roads and airports.When we cut down trees,you become homeless.We take away your shelter and sources of food,leaving you with very little chance of survival.,13/26,-,14,-,Some of my classmates are writing to the relevant departments about these serious problems.Hopefully these letters will make a difference during your lifetime.Over the past three months,my class has been researching on gorillas,and I,ve learned so many things.For example,I,ve learned that you have a lot of feelings similar to mine and you are always so careful with everything you do.I think that you are really worth saving.,We,ve come up with many ideas to help you and your fellows.One of the best ideas is to communicate with the President of the World Bank and have him give more financial support to the organizations for gorillas.Another idea is to make public laws on the killers.I also think we need to keep educating people about gorillas.,14/26,-,15,-,I love writing to you and hope you can understand how important you,ve become to our class.Would it be too much to ask for a return letter?,【语篇解读】,本文是写给大猩猩一封信,信中讲述了大猩猩当前悲惨遭遇及人类采取保护办法。,15/26,-,16,-,1,.According to the passage,Koko is probably,.,A.a killer of gorillas,B.a member of the gorilla family,C.an expert on gorillas,D.a governor in charge of gorillas,答案,解析,解析,关闭,推理判断题。依据第一段“I think its fun that you can communicate with us humans by using the sign language.”第二段“When we cut down trees,you become homeless.We take away your shelter and sources of food,leaving you with very little chance of survival.”第三段“I think that you are really worth saving.”等信息可判断收信人Koko可能是一只大猩猩,故选B项。,答案,解析,关闭,B,16/26,-,17,-,2,.What is mainly talked about in the second paragraph?,A.The problems gorillas face at present.,B.The danger gorillas cause for humans.,C.The unique characteristic gorillas have.,D.The natural environment gorillas live in.,答案,解析,解析,关闭,主旨大意题。依据第二段“.all of the cruel things done to gorillas(大猩猩).In Africa,for example,the killers use guns to kill your fellows for meat.Another thing is the loss of gorillas natural home.”等信息可知本段主要是描述了大猩猩当前被捕杀和家园被破坏不幸遭遇,故选A项。,答案,解析,关闭,A,17/26,-,18,-,3,.Which of the following is the author,s suggestion according to this passage?,A.Gorillas should be protected in nature reserves.,B.Killers for gorillas should be legally responsible.,C.Organizations should be set up to protect gorillas.,D.People should make donations to gorilla protection.,答案,解析,解析,关闭,推理判断题。依据倒数第二段“Another idea is to make public laws on the killers.”可知作者提议制订关于杀害大猩猩凶手法律,他们应该为自己所做事负法律责任。故选B项。,答案,解析,关闭,B,18/26,-,19,-,B,(,河北石家庄二模,),Though the harmful effects of plastic on wildlife and human health are well-documented,this material is hard to avoid.Nearly everything we touch,from grocery bags to drink bottles,to food packaging,contains plastic.Now,Amsterdam,s Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consumers to reduce consumption of single-use plastic bags and containers,which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates,with a special plastic-free aisle(,通道).Believed to be the world,s first,the aisle has 700 products on sale including rice,beans,yogurt,chocolate milk,cereal,snacks and meat.,19/26,-,20,-,While items still require packaging,everything is housed inside reusable or recyclable containers made of glass,metal or cardboard.The unique idea was given to the grocery-chain officials by UK-based environmental group A Plastic Planet,which takes the lead to advocate for at least one plastic-free aisle in supermarkets around the globe.The non-profit has even created a signature“plastic-free”mark to help consumers identify eco-friendly packaging.“This is a consumer-led campaign,”said a group co-founder Sian Sutherland.“We,re a grassroots organization.So obviously we,re working with industry and the government,but most importantly,we represent the public.”,20/26,-,21,-,Ekoplaza,which plans to roll out the plastic-free aisles across its 74 stores by the end of the year,is not the only company trying to reduce plastic waste.In Berlin,the Original Unverpackt grocery store has been trying to change customer habits since by selling everything,from grains to produce and even soaps without plastic packaging.The supermarket,which requires customers to bring their own reusable containers,even sells chewable toothpaste that needs no tubes.,Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference,for real change to happen,consumers have to avoid products encased in plastics,even if it means giving up their favorite food or drink.As Sutherland put it,“Plastic food and drink packaging remains useful and yet a destructive presence on the earth for centuries afterwards.”,21/26,-,22,-,【语篇解读】,本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阿姆斯特丹,Ekoplaza,超市及世界其它一些有名超市致力于为用户提供无塑料通道,勉励用户使用可再循环利用购物袋,以降低塑料白色污染。,22/26,-,23,-,4,.What does Ekoplaza want to do by setting up a plastic-free aisle?,A.Cut down managing cost.,B.Reduce plastic-packaging.,C.Make shopping much easier.,D.Increase the amount of sales.,答案,解析,解析,关闭,细节了解题。依据第一段中“Now,Amsterdams Ekoplaza supermarket is making it a little easier for consumers to reduce consumption of single-use plastic bags and containers,which are blocking our landfills at alarming rates,with a special plastic-free aisle(通道).”可知,Ekoplaza超市正在努力以一个无塑料尤其通道方式使消费者更轻易降低对一次性塑料包装和容器使用。,答案,解析,关闭,B,23/26,-,24,-,5,.Which of the following can make a real difference?,A.Consumers.B.Supermarkets.,C.Organizations.D.Companies.,答案,解析,解析,关闭,推理判断题。依据最终一段中“Though it is encouraging to see companies trying to make a difference,for real change to happen,consumers have to avoid products encased in plastics,even if.”可知,作者认为一些企业正在经过自己努力降低塑料袋带来污染,不过消费者本人也必须防止使用塑料包装产品。,答案,解析,关闭,A,24/26,-,25,-,6,.What does Sutherland think of plastic packaging in the future?,A.It will be of no use to consumers.,B.It will exist for a long time.,C.It will disappear in this century.,D.It will replace other containers.,答案,解析,解析,关闭,推理判断题。依据最终一段中“Plastic food and drink packaging remains useful and yet a destructive presence on the earth for centuries afterwards.”可知,Sutherland认为,现在,塑料饮食包装依然很有用途,它们对于地球毁坏性在几百年以后才会出现,也就是说,塑料对于我们地球破坏性短期内不会出现,所以塑料饮食包装在未来一段时间内依然会存在。,答案,解析,关闭,B,25/26,-,26,-,7,.What might be the title of the passage?,A.Plastics are Harmful to the Environment,B.Non-profits can Help the Supermarkets,C.Consumers should Change Shopping Habits,D.Supermarkets Take Action for a Cleaner Planet,答案,解析,解析,关闭,主旨归纳题。本文主要内容是:Ekoplaza及其它世界有名超市正在努力向消费者提供无塑料尤其通道,以降低对塑料饮食包装使用。关键信息是超市降低塑料袋使用、保护环境。D项包含其中两个关键信息,所以是最正确选项。,答案,解析,关闭,D,26/26,