被动语态（细）5上讲课.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,被动语态部分,Passive voice,Studying Aims,Let students know about passive voice.,Let students learn to write sentences of,passive voice.,3.Let students master the special rules of,passive voice.,英语的两大语态：主动语态和被动语态,A.,主动语态,:,主语 发出动作（谓语）。宾语 是动作涉及的对象。,B.,被动语态：主语 是动作的 承受者,(,动作的对象,),。,(,把主动语态改为被动语态也就是把,主动句中的宾语,改为,被动句的主语,，同时谓语动词作相应的变化。,),被动语态的谓语构成,:,助动词,be,动词过去分词,(,根据句子的主语和时态，助动词,be,有,be,am,is,are,was,were,been,几个形式变化。,),什么时候要用被动语态呢？,在下列三种情况之一要用被动语态：,不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。,没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。,需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。,请看以下主动语态和被动语态结构的转换：,主动语态,:,主语,谓语,宾语,被动语态,:,例：,We,clean,our classroom,every day,.,（主动）,注意,把主动语态改为被动语态时，句子的时态不能变。如上,例，所给的主动句子是一般现在时，改为被动语态时，也,要用一般现在时。,如果主动句中的主语是人称代词，改为被动句时作介词,by,的宾语，要用宾格。如上例中的主语,we,改为,us,。,主语,by+,宾语,(,代词用宾格）,be+,动词过去分词,Our classroom,is cleaned,by us,every day,（被动）,把下列主动句改为被动句,Lily,writes,many letters every day.,(,主动,),They,visited,this farm last year.,（主动）,We,have learned,3000 English words so far.,（主动）,Many letters,are written,by Lily,every day.,This farm,was visited,by them,last year.,3000 English words,have been learned,by us,so far.,各种时态的主动语态和被动语态谓语结构对照表,时 态,主动语态,被动语态,1,一般现在时,do/does,am,/,is,/,are,+V,过去分词,2,一般过去时,did,was,/,were,+V,过去分词,3,一般将来时,will/be going to+,动词原形,will/be going,to+,be,+V,过去分词,4,过去将来时,would+,动词原形,would+,be,+V,过去分词,5,现在进行时,am/is/are+,现在分词,am/is/,are+,being,+V,过去分词,6,过去进行时,was/were+,现在分词,was/,were+,being,+V,过去分词,7,现在完成时,have/has+,过去分词,have/,has+,been,+V,过去分词,8,过去完成时,had+,过去分词,had+,been,+V,过去分词,9,含情态动词,情态动词,+,动词原形,情态动词,+,be,+V,过去分词,Fill in the blanks with the Passive Voice.,1,、,Norman Bethune _ (bury)in,Hebei,.,2,、,Chinese _ (speak)in China.,3,、,The bed _ (use)for sleeping.,4,、,Our classroom _ (clean)every day.,5,、,The cars _ (make)in Beijing.,is buried,is,spoken,is,used,is,cleaned,are,made,归纳总结方法,把主动语态改为被动语态可按“、”来进,行。即：,变,把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动,语态的主语改为被动语态的介词,by,的宾语。,套,根据原句的时态套用相应时态。,注意,注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。,例：,Many people,speak,English.,English by many people.,He,washed,his shoes yesterday.,His shoes by him yesterday.,is spoken,were washed,一变,二套,三注意,翻译下列句子,电视机关掉了。,The TV was turned off.,2.,那小偷被抓住了。,The thief was caught.,3.,所有的窗户都被打破了。,All the windows were broken.,把下列主动句改为被动句,1.The boy,cleaned,the desk a moment ago.,The desk,was cleaned,by the boy a moment ago.,2.We,will plant,2000 trees next year.,2000 trees,will be planted,by us next year.,3.You,must keep,the room clean and tidy.,The room,must be kept,clean and tidy by you.,4.The police,have caught,the thief.,The thief,has been caught,by the police.,5.The farmers,are cutting down,the trees on the hill.,The trees on the hill,are being cut down,by the farmers.,在被动语态中要注意的问题,一些使役动词,(let,have,make,等,),或感观动词,(see,hear,watch,notice,等,),在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式不带,to,，但改为被动语态时，要,补上,to,。如：,The boss,makes,the workers,work,18 hours a day.,The workers are made,to work,18 hours a day by the boss.,I,saw,him,enter,the house.,He was seen,to enter,the house by me.,The teacher,let,them,leave,the classroom after class.,They were let,to leave,the classroom by the teacher after class.,We,hear,her,sing,in the room every day.,She is heard,to sing,in the room every day.,注意,当使用,see/hear/watch sb.doing,sth,.,时，变为被动语态时，,doing,保持不变。如：,I saw him,going,into the shop.(,主动,),He was seen,going,into the shop.(,被动,),把下列句子改为被动语态,1.I heard Jenny singing at 7 this morning.,Jenny was heard singing at 7 this morning.,2.His mother made him wash his own clothes at the age of 10.,He was made to wash his own clothes by his mother at the age of 10.,含有短语的被动语态结构。,一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，但许多不及物动词加上副词或介词构成动词短语也相当于及物动词的用法，可以带宾语，因而也有被动语态。,请看下面的例子：,They,set up,the factory in 2000.,The factory,was set up,in 2000.,Our school,will put off,the School Sports meeting until December.,The School Sports meeting,will be put off,until December.,People,have talked about,the accident.,The accident,has been,talked about,.,带有介词或副词的动词短语，在改为被动语态时，不能把介词或副词,拆开。,三、一些特殊的被动结构,（,1,）某些系动词，如,feel,smell,taste,sound,等加上形容词，可用主动语态表被动意义。,e.g.The food tastes delicious.,The music sounds great.,（,2,）动词,need,want,be worth,后加,v.-ing,的主动结构常表示被动含义,e.g.My watch cant work,it needs repairing.,Your hair wants cutting.,注意：,need,后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式,(need to be done),。,比较：,The desk needs repairing.,The desk needs to be repaired.,谢谢观赏,