中考英语基础知识考点分析.ppt

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,-,中考英语基础知识考点分析,科学备考,2015,科学备考，做好三研：,研读,课标,考试说明,2010,中考命题原则，命题趋势,研究中考试题,分析近几年中考试题,研定复习方案,三轮复习法（基础，专项，模拟,),目的：知己知彼，高效复习，科学应试,基础知识考查范围,22,个语言考试项目,1,、,冠词,2,、,代词（人称、物主、不定、反身、疑问、指示）,3,、名词,(,复数、所有格,)4,、形容词（比较级、最高级）,5,、副词（比较级、最高级）,6,、连词（并列连词）,and,or,but,so,for,bothand,eitheror,neithernor,not only but also,、从属连词,that,when,while,till,until,unless,since,because,if,thoughalthough,sothat,）,7,、介词、介词短语,8,、动词不定式,9,、反意疑问句,研读,课标,考试说明,命题原则、目标要求、试题难度与形式,10,、动词的各种时态,（一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在,进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时。理解：过,去完成时，过去将来时）,11,、宾语从句,12,、时间状语从句,13,、条件状语从句,14,、被动语态（一般现在，过去，将来，含有情态,动词）,15,、动词短语,16,、主谓一致,17,、,ing,形式,18,、情态动词,19,、定语从句,20.it,的用法,21,、语序,22,、,there be,句型,研究中考试题,-,基础知识运用（单项选择；词语运用）找考点,单项选择,考查学生在特定语境中运用语言知识的能力。,所设考点涵盖了,课程标准,和,学科说明,所规定的初中阶段应掌握的各项最基础的语法项目，点全、面广。,作为一项语言知识运用题，具有重情景、重交际、重运用以及重能力四大特征。所有试题均借助于一定语言环境考查学生对语法、词汇、习惯用语和常见表达法的掌握，语言极为真实、地道，具有时代性，在多数试题上可以明显地看出“语境”在确定正确答案时的作用。,语言知识点分布合理，体现了语言的形式、意义和语用功能的统一。加大了那些与日常交际活动联系密切的话题，试题任务都接近或类似现实生活中语言使用的实际情形，使语言真正成为考生交际的重要工具。专项的语法知识考查侧重在那些可以典型地反映初中毕业生英语学习水平的语法项目。,06-07,年英语基础知识及应用分项统计对比,题号,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,4,5,考查内容,冠词,介词,代词,名词所有格,连词,形容词等级比较,情态动词,条件状语从句,感叹句,过去进行时,特殊疑问词,现在完成时,动词辨析,反意疑问句,The,r,e be,句型,定语从句,被动语态,动词不定式,动词短语,宾语从句,题号,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,4,5,考查内容,冠词,名词复数,介词,不定代词,连词,系动词,动词应用,主谓一致,过去进行时,现在完成时,时间状语从句,被动语态,感叹句,动词短语,不定式作宾补,反意疑问句,定语从句,形容词最高级,情态动词,宾,语,从,句,题号,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,4,0,考查内容,冠词,代词,介,词,数词,形容词辨析,therebe,过去进行时,不定代词用法,感叹句,连词,unless,副词最高级,动词过去式,Will,表示将来,情态动词,can,否定用法,一般过去时的被动语态,定语从句,动词短语辨析,现在完成时,用法,不定式短语,宾,语,从,句,08,英语基础知识及应用分项统计表,09,英语基础知识及应用分项统计,题号,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,4,5,考查内容,冠词,介,词,代词,系动词,感叹句,不定代词用法,特殊疑问词,现在进行时,情态动词的被动语态,副词比较级,一般将来时,主谓一致,一般现在时,动词不定式,动词短语辨析,定语从句,一般过去时,状语从句（连词）,现在完成时,宾,语,从,句,能力解读,1,、能够识别考纲所规定词汇的基本意义及用法。,2,、能够辨别意义相关或相近的词汇和短语。,3,、能够在具体的情境中正确判断区别使用考纲所规,定的词汇和短语。,专题一 名词,课标解读,内容解读,1,、掌握可数名词及其复数,(,规则变化和不规则变化,),。,2,、掌握不可数名词数量的表达。,3,、掌握名词所有格的用法，重点掌握双重所有格和,名词复数所有格。,4,、专有名词。,内容,名词复数,两个人共同所有的所有格,名词复数的所有格,复合形容词做定语,02-05,1,1,1,1,06,1,07,1,08,1,09,1.,河北省八年中考名词考点分布,2.,考点主要有名词复数，名词所有格的用法。近几年对名词的测试，重点考查名词所有格，特别是,复数形式,和,两个人共有的所有格,形式,。,【,突破方法,】1,、熟记考纲所列名词及其复数形式，归纳书里所学的名词基础知识，重点是名词的所有格。,2,、把握语境中的关键信息词，整体感知，不可断章取义。,应强调的是：,1.,可数名词的不规则变化,child;foot;tooth;mouse;man;woman;Englishman;German,2.,两者共有的人或事物,Lily and Lucys father;,表示两者各自的所属关系,Lilys and Li Leis father,3.,名词做定语,(1)man;woman,(2)a two-day holiday=a two days holiday,【02-09,八年中考河北中考题组,】,1.,（,02-15,）,Dad,when will you be free?You agreed to go,to the seaside with me four days ago.,Im sorry,Jean.But I think I will have a _,holiday soon.,A.four-days,B.four-day,C.four days D.four day,2.,（,04-37,）,This,is,_,bedroom,The twin sisters like,it,very much.,A.Anne and Jane B.Annes and Janes,C.Annes and Jane,D.Ann and Janes,3.,（,05-36,）,Its over _ from Shijiazhuang to Beijing.,A.three hours drive,B.three hours drive,C.three hours drives D.three hours drive,4.,（,06-27,）,Would you like some,drinks,boys?,-Yes,_,please.,A.some oranges B.two box of chocolates,C.some cakes,D.two bottles of orange,5.,（,07-29)_,room,is big and bright.They like,it,very much.,A.Tom and SamB.Toms and Sam,C.Tom and Sams,D.Toms and Sams,6.,（,08-24,）,.Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time?,A.20 years,B.20 years C.20-years D.20-years,专题二 代词,课标解读,:,内容解读,1,、,掌握,人称代词和物主代词的用法。,2,、掌握指示代词、反身代词的用法功能和固,定搭配。,3,、掌握不定代词的用法及差异。,4,、正确运用关系代词、疑问代词。,能力解读,:,能在真实语言环境中正确运用各类代词，重点掌握不定代词、人称代词、物主代词的用法。,1,河北省八年中考代词考点分布,内容,不定代词,人称代词,物主代词,02-05,5,1,2,06,1(both),0,0,07,1,（,neither,）,08,1(none),1,（宾格）,09,1(both),1（名词性）,命题规律,1,近八年代词的考点,一是集中在,不定代词,上，主要考它们相互间的意义和功能差别，如：,neither;,either;,none;both;all;other;another,等的意义差别。,二是主要考查,人称代词,和,物主代词,的用法。,2,、试题注重了情景干扰，注重了特定语言环境中上下文的联系，理解句意在解题中起着很重要的作用。,02-09,八年河北中考题组,1.(02,11)Im old enough to wash _ clothes by myself.You can just wash _.,A.my,your B.mine,yours,C.my,yours,D.your,my,2.(02,12)The father wished the twins to be doctors,but _ of them liked to study medicine.,A.both,B.neither,C.either D.none,3.(02,16)-,Mum,Bill is coming to dinner this evening.,-OK.Lets give him _ to eat.,A.,something different,B.different anything,C.anything different D.different something,4.(03,17)-Which sweater do you prefer,the yellow one or the pink one?,-_.I like the light blue one.,A.Either B.Both C.Any,D.Neither,5.(03,20)-Oh,I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.,-Never mind.You can have _.,A.us,B.ours,C.you D.yours,6.(04,40)-Do you prefer milk or orange juice?,-I dont like _.I usually drink coffee.,A.other B.another,C.neither,D.either,7.(05,40)Weve got two TV sets,but _ works well.,A.any B.both C.either,D.neither,8.(06,29)On _ sides of the street there are a lot of,colourful,flowers.,A.,each,B.both,C.either D.all,9,.(07,28),My aunt has,two,children.But _ of them,lives,with her.,A.each,B.neither,C.eitherD.both,10.(08-22)Look at the photo.The girl,beside,_ is Nancy.,A.I B.my,C.me,D.mine,11.(08-28)I tried,several,jackets on,but _ of them looked good.,A.both B.either,C.none,D.neither,12.,（,09-28,）,Is there any difference between,your idea,and _?,A.he,B.his,C.sheD.her,13.,（,09-31),Sam looks like his Dad,.They are _ tall.,A.either B.any C.all,D.both,专题三 数词,课标解读,内容解读,:,1,、掌握数词的两大类，即基数词和序数词。,3,、准确拼写数词，特别一些特殊的序数词。,4,、正确运用数词表述，如,:,时间、分数、加减法，以及,hundred,thousand,million,等用法。,能力解读：,1,、要掌握基数词的读法及用法。,2,、序数词要牢记几种不规则的变化情形。,3,、对于数词的表示要学会举一反三，注意归纳和总结。,4,、近年的数词考查侧重在,序数词的变化及用法,，以及数词的复数形式上。,命题规律,1,、河北省八年中考数次考点分布,内容,基数词,序数词,分数,02-05,1,0,2,06-07,08,0,1,0,0,09,0,0,0,2,、考查的主要有基数词、序数词。,3,、近几年对数词测试，重点考查,易错单词的拼写,和基数词读法以及,数词的构成、用法,。基数词主要考查,基数词,的写法。,03-09,河北八年中考题组,1.(03,)The doctor worked for _ after twelve oclock.,A.two more hours,B.two another hour,C.more two hours D.another two hour,2.(04,36)Nine _ pounds a week?Thats very good.,A.hundred of B.hundreds of,C.hundreds,D.hundred,3.(05,46)This is a big class,and _ of the students are girls.,A.two third B.second three,C.two-thirds,D.two three,4.(08)Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time?,A.20 years,B.20 years C.20-years D.20-years,专题四 介词,课标解读,内容解读：,1,、掌握常用的介词的意义和用法。,2,、熟练运用某些介词构成的短语及其用法。,能力解读：,1,、能够辨别意义相关或相近的介词或介词短语。,2,、在具体的语言环境中准确运用介词和介词短语。,2,、重点考查：,时间,(,at,in,on,),、,地点介词,(in,on,to),和,for,with,without,of,over,by,about,介词短语等。,突破方法：,1,、介词是英语教学中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，用法多而复杂，一个介词有多种用法。一个相近的意思又可以用不同的介词来表示，所以必须逐一学会每个介词的用法，弄清楚易混介词用法异同，能够根据语境和交际条件灵活运用介词。,2,、介词虽无具体意义但却有基本的意义。如：,for,有,“,为了,”,，,“,因为,”,等意义。除了要了解介词的基本用法外，还要记一些,固定搭配,。,命题规律,1,、河北省,2002-2009,年八年中考介词考点分布,分类,时间介词地点介词,其他介词,介词短语,02-05,1,1,2,06,0,0,1,07,1,08,1,09,1,八年中考,02-09,河北省中考试题题组,1.(02,)Were,doing much better,_ English _ our,teachers help,.,A.in,at B.at,in,C.in,with,D.with,with,2.(03,)-How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?,-Im going there _,my car,.,A.by,B.in,C.to D.on,3.(04,),Congratulations,John,!Im really happy _you.,A.in B.on,C.for,D.to,4.(05,)Its not always necessary to,look up,the words _ the,dictionary while reading.Sometimes we need to guess.,A.on,B.in,C.at D.from,5.,（,06,)Yao Ming is a great basketball player.We,are proud,_ him.,A.of,B.to C.for D.at,6.,（,07-27,）,.Can you find New York _ this,map,of America?,A.in B.at C.of,D.on,7.,（,08-23,）,.You must ride your bike _,the right,side of the road.,A.at,B.on,C.in D.for,8.(09-,27)Lets play table tennis _,Tuesday morning,shall we?,A.on,B.in C.to D.at,专题五 连词,课标解读,内容解读：,1.,掌握表,转折、因果、并列、选择,的并列连词。,2.,掌握引导,宾语从句,、,状语从句,以及,定语从句,的从属连词。,3.,准确区分运用意义相近的连词，掌握某些特殊连词的用法。,能力解读：,1,要熟练运用并列连词和连词短语。,2.,对有些意义相似的连词要注意区别，还有些连词意义相反但用法相似，要认真加以推敲。,3.,做题时还要牢记,“,就近,”,原则和,“,意义一致,”,原则。,1,、河北省,2002-2009,年八年的中考连词考点分布,内容,并列连词,引导宾语从句的从属连词,引导状语从句的从属连词,02-05,0,0,4(while,if,so,as soon as),06,0,0,1(because),07,1(notuntil),08,1(unless),09,1(though),2,、对连词的考查在近八年的中考题中经常出现，测试内容涉及从属连词、及一些易混淆的连词,02-09,年河北八年中考题组,1,(02-23)John fell asleep _ he was listening to the music.,A.after B.before,C.while,D.as soon as,2.(03-7)Mr.Brown knows little Japanese,_ he cant understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills,A.so,B.or C.but D.for,3.(04-38)Well go to visit,Tianan,men,Square _it doesnt rain tomorrow.,A.if,B.as soon as C.when D.since,4.(05-48)I tired to call you _ I heard from him,but you were not in.,A.since B.while C.until,D.as soon as,5.(06-30)He missed the train this morning _ he got up late.,A.or B.if C.but,D.because,6.,（,07-30,）,I didnt know he came back _ I met him in,the street.,A.sinceB.when,C.until,D.after,7.,（,08-30,）,Susan will not arrive at the airport on time,_ she hurries up.,A.once B.if C.when,D.unless,8.(09-43)_ they may not succeed,they will try their best.,A.Though,B.WhenC.BecauseD.Unless,专题六 形容词,课标解读,内容解读：,1,掌握形容词在句子中的位置和作用。,2.,掌握形容词比较等级的构成及常用句型。,能力解读：,1,掌握形容词的用法，牢记不规则形容词的比较级、最高级的特殊形式。,2.,具备在特定的语言环境中恰当选用形容词的比较级和最高级。,3.,掌握由一些重要句型,(,as,原级形式,as.,not as(so),原级形式,as.,比较级形式,than.,the,最高级形式,.in(of).,),，,并学会灵活运用。,内容,作定语,作表语,基本句型,02-05,2,1,3,（,than,the+,最高级,+in,the+,比较级，,the+,比较级）,06,1,（语意）,1(the+,最高级,+in),07,1,(not as,as,),08,1,（语意）,09,2,、近些年中考试题主要考查形容词在句子中作表语，后置定语和宾补的用法。比较级的一些不规则的情况及一些固定句型也尤为重要，比较级和最高级在特定的语言环境中的选用也是重点考查内容。,1,、河北省,2002-2009,年八年中考形容词考点分布,02-09,河北八年中考题组,1,(02-16),Mum,Bill is coming to dinner this evening.,OK.Lets give him _ to eat.,A.something different,B.different anything,C.anything different D.different something,2.,(03-6),The population of Shanghai is _,than,that of,Shijiazhuang.,A.smaller,B.larger,C.less D.large,3.,(04-41),Its hard to,keep,the house _ with three kids.,A.cleaning B.to clean C.cleaned,D.clean,4.,(04-42),With a history of more than 1400 years,Zhaozhou,Bridge is the _ stone arch bridge,in the world,.,A.old B.older,C.oldest,D.elder,5.,(05-43),So _,homework,really makes the students feel tired.,A.much,B.many C.little D.few,6.,(05-47),Remember,boys and girls._ you work,_ result you will get.,We know,Miss.,Gao,A.The better,the harder,B.The harder,the better,C.The hard,the better D.The harder,the good,7.,(06-31),She told us a story.Her,voice,sounded,_.,A.sweet,B.small C.clearly D.sadly,8.,(06-43),Paris is one of _,cities,in the world,.,A.more beautifully B.more beautiful,C.the most beautiful,D.the most beautiful,9.(07-,31,),Dont just believe the advertisement,.That kind of camera,is,_ it says.,A.as good as,B.not as good as,C.as well as D.not as well as,10.,（,08-25,）,The,air,in the countryside is _.So,many people,from the city,go there on weekends,.,A.softB.pretty,C.fresh,D.delicious,专题七 副词,课标解读,内容解读：,1.,副词的词义和语法功能。,2.,时间副词、程度副词及频度副词的用法。,3.,副词与形容词的转换，动词加副词构成的,短语。,4.,副词比较等级。,能力解读：,1.,学会运用不同的副词来修饰不同的动作或,状态，并掌握不同的副词的语义差异，从,而准确运用。,2.,学会在交际中用副词表达比较的意念。,1,、河北省,2002-2009,年八年中考副词考点分布,内容,副词的级,(asas,，,than),疑问副词,02-05,3,1,06-07,08,0,最高级（语意）,1,09,1,1,2,、副词与形容词关系密切，可互相转换，考生容易混淆二者,中考也是常考的热点之一。,02-09,年河北八年中考题组,1.(02-13)Now Helen,work,s _,than,before.,A.more carefully,B.more careful,C.much careful D.much carefully,2.(04-48)Bob never,does his homework,_ Mary.He makes lots of mistakes.,A.so careful as,B.as carefully as,C.carefully as D.as careful as,3.(04-46)-_ will it take us to get there by bus?,-,About two hours,.,A.How soon B.How often,C.How long,D.How quick,4.(05-37)Write _ and try not to make any mistakes.,A.as careful as possible,B.as carefully as you can,C.most careful D.more careful,5.07-,36.Peter,_ do you visit your grandparents?,Twice a month,.,A.how long B.how soon C.how far D.how often,6.,（,08-31,）,David jumped _ in the,long jump,.He won the game!,A.longest,B.farthest,C.fastestD.highest,7.,（,09-32),_ can you be ready,Andy?,In ten minutes,.,A.How muchB.How oftenC.How long,D.How soon,8.(9-35)She always,does her homework,_,than,her brother.,A.more careful B.careful,C.more carefully,D.carefully,易混词,1.hard,hardly.,2.how long,（多长时间）,how soon,（多久以后）,how often,（多长时间一次）,how far,（多远）,3.much too,(,非常,)too much,（太多）,4.so,such,（,1,）,so many/much/little/few+,名词,（,2,）,such+a,/an+,形容词,+,名词单数,专题八 冠词,课标解读,内容解读：,1.,中考着重考查不定冠词,a,、,an,和定冠词,the,的用法。,2.,熟悉不用冠词的情况。,能力解读：,1.,能够灵活运用不定冠词,a,、,an,和定冠词,the,。,2.,灵活运用不用冠词的情况。,1,、河北省,2006-2009,年四年的中考冠词考点分布,内容,定冠词,不定冠词,零冠词,06,1,（,an,）,07,1,08,1,（,an,）,09,1,06-09,年河北四年中考题组,1,(06-26)There is _,apple,tree in my garden.Its over 10 years old.,A.the B.a,C.an,D.,2.(07-26)_ woman,in a purple skirt,is Bettys mother.,A.The,B.A C.An D.,不填,3.,（,08-21,）,My father is _,engineer,.He works very hard.,A.a,B.an,C.the D.,不填,4.,（,09-,26)I really like _ book,you lent me,yesterday.,A.aB.an,C.the,D.,不填,专题九 动词、时态及语态,课标解读,内容解读：,1,、动词的词性及搭配。,2,、动词及动词短语的意义。,3,、动词时态的正确运用，包括,一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时,、过去完成时、过去将来时。,、考查动词的各种时态的被动语态形式，主动形式表示被动意义的常见结构。,能力解读：,1,、能够在真实的语言环境中恰当的使用意义相近的动词和动词词组。,、在具体的语言情境中，恰当、灵活使用各种时态进行交际，能够区别容易混淆的时态用法,、结合一定的语境进行时态和语态的判断能力的培养，将判断语态与判断时态紧密结合。,、熟悉并掌握主动形式表被动意义的情况。,1,、河北省,2002-2009,年八年中考动词时态及语态考点分布,年份,被动,语态,词,(,组,),辨析,时 态,助动词,（,did,）,连系,动词,现在完成时（持续）,一般将来时,一般过去时,一般现在时,现在进行时,过去进行时,02-05,2,2,3,1,1,1,1,06,1,（一般过去时）,2,1,0,0,1,1,1,0,07,1,（一般过去时）,2,1,1,1,1,1,08,1,（一般过去时）,1,1,1,1,1,1,09,1,（情态动词）,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,、考试重点：,（,1,）时态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、过去进行时、现在完成时,(,以,延续性动词,为重点考查内容,),。,（,2,）语态：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时以及含有情态动词的被,动语态为主。,02-09,年河北八年中考题组,1.(02-17)The letter is _ in French.I cannot read it.,A.writing,B.written,C.wrote D.writes,2.(02-19)Its getting dark.Please _ the light.,A.turn off,B.turn on,C.turn down D.turn up,3.(02-21)Do you know him well?,Sure.We _ friends since ten years ago.,A.were,B.have been,C.have become D.have made,4.(02-24)May I speak to John?,Sorry,he _ Japan.But he _ in two days.,A.has been to,will come back,B.has gone to,will be back,C.has been in,would come back D.has gone to,wont come back,5.(03-23)When she was 22 years old,her dream to be a teacher _.,A.came true,B.come true C.came real D.come real,6.(03-16)Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday,Dick?,John _.,A.cleaned B.does,C.did,D.is,7.(03-24)Lucy,_ you _ your ticket?,Not yet.,A.did,find,B.have,found,C.has,found D.do,find,8.(04-39)This painting _ to a museum in New York in 1977.,A.sells B.sold,C.was sold,D.is sold,9.(04-49)I _ this book for two weeks.I have to return it now.,A.borrow B.have borrowed C.kept,D.have kept,10.(04-45)Oh,the milk _ strange,do you think its OK to drink?,A.was tasted B.tasted C.is tasting,D.tastes,11.(05-39)Oh,Danny,Its raining outside.,Youd better _ your raincoat.,A.put on,B.put up C.dress D.to wear,12.(06,河北,32)Hangzhou is a nice city.My dad _,me there when I was about ten years old.,A.pulled B.caught,C.took,D.brought,13.(06-35)My father _ on business for two weeks.,Hell return in 3 days.,A.left B.has left C.has gone,D.has been away,14.(06-37)The children _ to swim last month and,they can swim very well now.,A.are taught,B.were taught,C.have taught D.taught,15.,（,07-33)Ill do it better if the teacher _ me another chance.,A.give,B.gives,C.gave D.will give,16.(07-35)When I went to say goodbye to Anna,she _ the piano.,A.is playing B.plays,C.was playing,D.played,17.(07-37)Henry speaks Chinese very well.He _ in China since 2002.,A.staysB.stayedC.is staying,D.has stayed,18.(07-38)How much does the ticket_ from Shanghai to Beijing?,A.cost,B.take C.spend D.pay,19.(07-39)You bought a new computer last week,_,you?,A.arent B.dont,C.didnt,D.havent,20.(07-40)There,_,a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening.,A.will have,B.is going to be,C.is g