“it”用法总结(经典版)_[全国通用].ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,The use of“It”,It,s 10:08,It,s lovely,It,weighs only 3 kilos,It,s a large sum of money,1.it,作人称代词,1.1.it,的最基本用法是作人称代词，主要指刚提到 的事物，以避免重复,:,Ningbo is a beautiful city,isnt it?,1.2.,也可以指动物或婴儿,(,未知性别的婴儿或孩子,):,Is this your dog,？,No,it isnt.,1.3.,也可指抽象事物,:,It was a great surprise to me when he did a thing like that,2.,非人称代词,it,it,有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、环境等，称为非人称的,it,：,2.1.,指天气：,It is a lovely day,isnt it?It is a bit windy.,2.2.,指时间,:,It was nearly midnight when she came back.,2.3.,指环境,:,It was very quiet in the caf.,2.4.,指距离：,It is half an hours walk to the city centre.,1.S+think +it +necessary +(for sb.)to do,sth,.,The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.(05,全国,),A.that B.it C.this D.him,Sentence patterns,:,B,find,possible,feel,important,/clause,（二）作引导词,充当形式宾语,2.S+V +it +ones duty +(for sb.)to do,sth,./clause,3.S +V+it +no good +doing,sth,.,no use,形式宾语,I think it his duty to clean the blackboard.,Sentence patterns,:,a rule,an,honour,eg,.,Yao,cheng,thinks it no use arguing with our English teacher.,姚成认为和英语老师争吵没有用。,zhang,qi,yue,found it very interesting to study English.,张启玥发现学英语非常有趣。,Zhang,hao,made it clear that he was not interested in English.,张浩非常清楚地表示他对英语不感兴趣。,I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(04,全国,),A.this B.that C.it D.one,点拨,:,这是,it,作形式宾语的一种特殊用法,.,少数动词,(,如,like,love,enjoy,dislike,hate,appreciate,等,),或包含介词的动词短语,(,如,see to,depend on,等,),后接宾语从句,必须先由,it,担任形式宾语,再接从句,.,I like(enjoy,hate)it when.,I would appreciate it if,see to(depend on)it that that,depend on.see to,这些词组是带介词的动词短语，不能直接接,that,引导的宾语从句。加,it,相当于,the fact.,能接受,that,宾语从句的介词,in that,Sentence patterns:,C,形式宾语,Please,see to it that,the door is locked.,See to it that,you are here on time tomorrow morning.,You may,depend on it that it,is true.,You may,depend on it that,we support you,You may,depend on it that,he will turn up in time.,Do you think _difficult to work out this,maths,problem?A.that B.very C.yourself D.it,Having been there many times,_ to find Mr.Wangs house.A.it was easy for him B.for him it was easy C.he found it easy D.he found easy,Little quiz,4.It,作形式宾语,.,We think it important to learn a foreign language.,该句型中的,it,作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为,6123,结构,。,6,指主句中常用的动词：,think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,；,1,指的是形式宾语,it,；,2,指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；,3,指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或,that,引导的宾语从句。,We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.,He felt it important learning English well.,They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.,possible,It is/was +adj.necessary+(for sb.)to do,sth,./clause,important,ones duty,It+is/was+n.ones hope +clause/(for sb.)to do,sth,.,an,honour,said,It is/was p.p.known +that-clause,believed,形式主语,3.1,代替主语从句,1,）,It is+adj.+that,从句,It is clear,(obvious,，,true,，,possible certain.),that.,“,清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”,It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.,.It is important,(necessary,，,right,，,strange,，,natural.),that.,that,后的从句中要用虚拟语气（,should+,动原）,，,should,可省。,建议,记住该句型中的形容词。,It is,important that we(should)learn English well.,（三）,it,引导词充当形式主语,2,）,.It is+v-ed+that,从句,It is said,(reported,，,learned.),that.,据说（据报道，据悉）“。,It is said that he has come to Beijing.,.It is suggested,(ordered,/demanded/insisted/commanded.),that.,主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词,时，,that,后的从句要用虚拟语气（,should+,动词原,形），,should,可以省；常译为“据建议；有命,令）,It is suggested that the meeting(should)be put,off.,3,）,.,It is a pity,(a shame.),that.,that,后的从句一般用虚拟语气（,should+,动词原,形），,should,可省去表示出乎意料，常译为“竟,然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。,It is a pity that such a thing(should)happen,in your class.It is a pity that he is ill.,4).,It is time,(about time,，,high time),that.,该句型中,that,后的从句应该用虚拟语气。,值得注意的是 常用过去时态或者,should+do,表示,虚拟,该结构中的,should,不能省略。常译为“是,（正是）的时侯,It is time that children went to bed.,It is/was the first,(second.),time that.,“,是第一（二）次,”,。该句型中,that,后的从句应该用现在完成时或者过去完成时态。,It is the first time I have been here.,It was the second time that,yangxing,hadnt,handed in his English exercises.,5).,It happens,(seems,，,looks,，,appears),that.,该句型中,it,是形式主语，,that,引导的是主语从句，主句中的,happen,，,seem,等词是不及物动词。,It happened(so happened)that he met his teacher in the street.,碰巧,.It seems that he will be back in a few days.,看来,6,）,.It is+,一段时间,+since.,。,since,引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬,间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完,成时。,It is(has been)5 years since his father,died.,8,）,.It be.before.,该句型主句中的,it,指时间，主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态主句中的表语多是,long,，,not long,，,3 days,，,2 weeks,等表示时间段的词或短语，常译为“之后”。,It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.,1).,It takes,sb,.to do,sth,.,“做要花费某人”,It took thousands of people many years to,build the Great Wall.,2).It is kind(of,sb,.)to do,sth,.,主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有：,bad,，,brave,，,careless,，,clever,，,cruel,，,foolish,，,stupid,，,wise wrong,等。,这个句型可以改写为：,sb,.is kind to do,sth,.,。,It is kind of you to say so.=You are kind to say so.,3.2.,作形式主语替代不定式,3).It is necessary(for sb.)to do,sth,.,常见的形容词有：,important,，,necessary,，,natural easy,，,safe,，,common,，,normal,，,hard,，,difficult,dangerous,，等。,在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：,It is important for her to come to the party.=It is important that she(should)come to the party.,It is no good,(use),doing,sth,.,该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是,no good,，,(not any good),，,no use,，,(not any use),。,It is no good learning English without speaking English.,Its useless trying to argue with Shylock.,3.3.,作形式主语替代,ing,形式,（四）,.,引导词,it,构成强调句,1.It is+,被强调部分,+that.,使用该句型有以下几点请注意：,强调句的谓语,is,或,was,永远用单数,.,It was yesterday that I met your,father in the street,不管被强调部分是哪种状语，只能用,that,连接，不得使用,where,、,when,等连,词,.,It was in the street that I met your father,yesterday,被强调部分为人时，可用,who(,主格或宾格,),和,whom(,宾格,),代替,that,，用,that,也行。,1,),It was your father that/whom/who I met in the street yesterday,2,)It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday,强调句中 也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。,It is they who,are,our friends,It was not until ten oclock that we,got,home last night,注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。,It is wasthat,为强调句标志，去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子，只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。比较：,1),It was ten oclock when we got home last night,我们昨晚到家时已十点了。,2),It was at ten oclock that we got home last night,我们昨晚是在十点到家的。,要点点拔,第一句不是强调句，,when,不可改为,that,因为去掉,it was,和,that,后，只能组成“,We got home ten oclock last night,”,这样一个不完整的句子；第二句是强调句，,that,不可改为,when,2.It is not until+,被强调部分,+that.,该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语直到才，可以说是,not.until.,的强调形式。,It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.=Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.=I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.,It is the ability to do the job_ matters not where you come from or what you are.,A.one B.that C.what D.it,It is/was+,被强调的部分,+that/who+,句子其他成分,强调句型,高考真题,It was _ back home after the experiment.,A.not until midnight did he go,B.until midnight that he didnt go,C.not until midnight that he went,D.until midnight when he didnt go,In which play is _ your brother appears?,A.that where B.this when C.it that D.it where,It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment.,A.where;that B.which;where,C.that;where D.which;that,强调句型,被强调的部分是,not until,引导的时间 状语,?,强调句型用于疑问句,被强调的部分是特殊疑问词或从句引导词,?,In which play,is it that?,It is that,Is it that?,I dont know in which play it is that,强调句型和各种从句,高考热点,?,4.It,作形式宾语,.,We think it important to learn a foreign language.,该句型中的,it,作形式宾语，为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为,6123,结构,。,6,指主句中常用的动词：,think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,；,1,指的是形式宾语,it,；,2,指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；,3,指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或,that,引导的宾语从句。,We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.,He felt it important learning English well.,They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.,五、特殊句型,1).It is,+,一段时间,+,since,.,。,since,引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬,间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完,成时。,It is(has been)5 years since his father died,.,2).It is.when.,该句型中的,when,引导的是一个时间状语从句，主,句中的,it,指时间，表语由具体的时间充当，常译,为“当的时候，是”,It was 5 oclock when he came here.,3).,It+will be+,时间段,+before(,一般现在时,),译为,“,多长时间后才会,/,就会做,”,。,It+was+,时间段,+before(,过去时,),译为,“,多长时间后才,/,就做了,”,该句型主句中的,it,指时间，主句中的时态常是,一般将来时或过去时两种时态,It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.,1.Its years _(since,before,after,that)I painted this beautiful picture.,2.It will be years _(since,before,after,that)I paint this beautiful picture.,3.It was years _(since,before,after,that,)I painted this beautiful picture.,4.Its for years _(since,before,after,that)I have painted this beautiful picture.,易误辨析,:,It is+,时间段,+since(,过去时,).,It+was+,时间段,+before(,过去时,),It+will be+,时间段,+before(,一般现在时,),_,_,_,_,4,）,.,It doesnt matter whether,(if),.,该句型中,whether(if,),引导的从句是真正主语，,该句型常译为“不论（是否）没关,系。,It doesnt matter if they are old.,It,的一些习惯用法,常见的固定用法有,:,make it,成功，安排在或定在某时间,forget it,别提了，忘了它吧,Dont mention it,别提了，表示不用谢,It doesnt matter,没关系,It(That,)depends,视情况而定,You guessed it,你猜着了,Its hard to say,很难说,Its up to you to do,sth,.,由你来决定做某事,Conclusion,口诀,代词,it,本意它,既可指这又指那,;,时间天气均可指,谈到距离也用它,;,假主假宾均可做,强调句型跟,that,。,替代词,one,ones,that,those,it,this,that,one,ones,that,those,That,替换单数可数名词或不可数名词；,one,只替换单数的可数名词。,The vase on the left is more beautiful than the one on the right.,The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than that in Mexico.,That,只用于替换表示事物的名词，而,one/ones,替换表示人和表示,事物的名词皆可。,His younger sister is taller than the elder one.,I need the plastic bags,not the paper ones.,The computers in our school are connected to the,Internet while those in their school arent,.,The football players on our team seem to be more,energetic than those on your team.,That/those,一般用于替换有定冠词的名词；,one/ones,用于替换有,不定冠词的名词。,The style of the building is similar to that of a temple,.,A CD player made in Japan costs more than one made in Hong Kong.,That/those,一般不带前置定语，但必须有后置定语。,One/ones,都可。当替换词的后置定语用所有格的,of,短语或当替换词被,所有格修饰时，不用,one/ones,而用,that of/those of.,I like the vase better than the one/that in another shop.,The windows of your flat are cleaner than those of mine.,A grandparents job is easier than that of a parent.,2)it,this,和,that,都可以替代前文已提到的事或情况，细微差别在于,it,不如其余,两者那么强调。,So she decided to paint the door pink.It upset the,neighbours,a bit.,So she decided to paint the house pink.That really upset the,neighbours,as you can imagine.,当前面提到的事物不止一件时，,it,通常指最先提到的事物，而,This/that,是指最后提到的事物。,We keep the ice cream machine in the spare room.It is,mainly used by the children.,(,指,the machine),We keep the ice cream machine in the spare room.This/,That is mainly used by the children.,(,指,the spare room),This,可以出现在它所指代的事物之前；而,that,则指上文所提到的,事物。,Listen to this!We will have three days off.,“A penny saved is a penny earned.”Who said that?,3)It和one,It,用以指特定的前面提到过的事物，即：,it,和它替换的是同一个,事物，,it,前无修饰语；而,one,用于替换与前提事物有共同之处,但并不完全一样的事物，因此，,one,之前或之后一定有修饰语,来加以区别。,I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using,it now.,I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to,buy a new one soon.,Exercise Bar,1.It _ for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York.,A.is.which B.was.why,C.was.that D.were.how,2.It was _ he said at the meeting _ disappointed me.,A.what.,that B.that.,that,C.what.,what D.that.,what,Drills,3.-Wasnt it Dr.Li who spoke to you,just now?,-_.,A.I didnt know he was B.Yes,he did,C.No,he didnt D.Yes,he was,4.Was it during the Second World War _ he died?,A.this B.then C.that D.while,5.I dont think _ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.,A.this B.it C.that D.its,6.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?,A.it B.this C.that D.he,7.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but _didnt help.,A.he B.which C.she D.it,8.Was _ in 1998 _ your teacher graduated from university?,A.that.,that B.it.which,C.it.that D.it.when,9.He felt _ duty to work for human rights and progress.,A.it his B.his C.that is a D.that is his,10._ is no good _ without doing anything.,A.This.talking B.It.to speak,C.That.to say D.It.talking,11.It was this village _ I was bought.,A.where B.that,C.on which D.which,12.It was in this village _ I was bought up.,A.where B.that,C.on which D.which,3.Can it be in the drawer _ you put your passport?,A.where B.in which C.there D.that,4.It was July 1,1997 _ saw the return of Hong Kong to the motherland.A.that B.when C.which D.in which,5.It is two years _ I joined the army.,A.before B.since,C.that D.after,6.It was two years _ I joined the army.,A.before B.since,C.that D.after,7.-Was it under the tree _ you were away talking to a friend?,-Sure.But when I got back there,the bike was gone.,A.that B.where C.which D.while,8.-Why dont we take a little break?,-Didnt we just have _?,A.it B.that C.one D.this,9.It was not until 1920 _ regular radio broadcast began.,A.while B.which C.that D.since,10._ is the fact that English is being accepted as an international language.,A.There B.This C.That D.It,11.It was about 600 years ago _ first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.,A.that B.until C.before D.when,12.I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.,A.it B.that C.these D.them,13.It was only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.,A.until B.that C.then D.so,14.It is the ability to do the job _ matters not where you come from or what you are.,A.one B.that C.what D.it,15.The Parkers bought a few house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in.,A.they B.it C.one D.which,16._ no need for us to discuss the problem again since it has already been settled.,A.It has B.There has,C.It is D.There is,17.Was it in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded _ landing on the moon.,A.when;on B.that;on,C.when;in D.that;in,18.Was _ that I saw last night at the concert?,A.it you B.not you,C.you D.that yourself,19._ was in 1979 _ I graduated from the university.,A.That;that B.It;that,C.That;when D.It;when,20.What a pity my new computer doesnt work!_ must be something wrong with it.,A.It B.There C.This D.That,21.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.,A.this B.that C.it D.one,22.Someone is knocking at the door,but who can _ be?,A.one B.he C.she D.it,23.A knock on the door made him look up.But _ was only the manager.,A.this B.that C.she D.it,24.Someone is ringing the doorbell.Go and see _.,A.who is he B.who he is,C.who is it D.who it is,25.Is _ necessary to complete the design before National Day?,A.this B.that C.it D.he,26.Does _ matter if he cant finish the job on time?,A.this B.that C.he D.it,27.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey.,A.while B.that C.if D.for,28.They have made _ a rule _ in the room.,A.this;not to smoke B.it;smoking,C.it;to not smoke D.it;not to smoke,Thanks for listening!,