英语句子成分分析_16slide.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,句子成分,主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾补,*,句子成分由词或词组充当,英语的基本成分有七种：,_,_,_,和_,主语(subject)、,谓语(predicate)、,表语(predicative)、,宾语(object)、,定语(attribute)、,状语(adverbial),补语(complement),1.,I,met,my best,friend,Tom,at the station yesterday,.,主语,谓,语,定语,宾,语,同位语,状,语,Jane,is good at playing the piano.,She,went out in a hurry.,Four,plus four is eight.,To see,is to believe.,Smoking,is bad for health.,The young,should respect the old.,What he has said,is true.,主语：动作的发出者。（名词、代词、数词、动名词、不定式、从句）,简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成,I,saw,the flag on the top of the hill?,He,looked after,two orphans.,复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词;,He,can speak,English well.,谓语：动作或状态。,（动词）,表语：系动词后的成分。（名词、代词、动名词、不定式）,常见的系动词有:,be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become,get,grow,come,go etc.,系动词不用于被动语态.,The apple tastes,sweet,.,The war was,over.,They seem,to know the truth,.,Time is,precious,.,Im not,quite myself,today.,Who was,the first,?,He is,out of condition,.,The book is,what I need,.,宾语：动作的承受者。,（名词、代词、动名词、不定式）,宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物,间接宾语指人.,He gave,me,some books,.,间接,宾语,直接,宾语,He eats an apple.,We play basketball.,.please pass,me,the book.,.He bought,me,some flowers,.,I like,my job,.,I love,you,.,He wanted,to leave here,.,They enjoyed,playing computer games,.,补语：起补充说明作用。宾补：补充说明宾语。主补：补充说明主语。,I found the book,interesting,.,Do you smell something,burning,?,He made himself,known to them,.,She asked me,to lend her a hand,.,Please make yourself,at home,.,Please keep the dog,out,.,We must keep it,a secret,.,主动语态变成被动语态后,宾语补足语变成主补.,I last saw him playing near the river.,He was last seen,playing near the river,.,Theteacher caught the student cheating in the exam,The student was caught,cheating in the exam,We made him monitor.,He was made,monitor,.,He pushed the door open.,The door was pushed,open,.,定语：限定或修饰名词或代词。,（形容词、名词、数词、,名词的所有格、分词等）,He is a,clever,boy.,His father works in a,steel,work.,There are,54,students in our class.,Do you known,bettys,sister?,He bought some,sleeping,pills.,There is a,sleeping,baby in bed.,His,spoken,language is good.,I met a friend on my way,home,.,(形容词),(名词),(数词),(名词的所有格),(动名词),(现在分词),(过去分词),(副词),The girl,in red,is his sister.,We have a lot of work,to do,.,The girl,standing under the tree,is his daughter.,Do you know the man,who spoke just now,?,There is nothing,interesting,in this book.,状语：表示动作发生的时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等。,（副词、介词短语）,用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子。,I will be back,in a while,.,They are playing,on the playground,.,He was late,because he got up late,.,He got up so late,that I missed the train,.,I waited,to see you,.,He often went to school,by bus,.,His parents died,leaving him an orphan,.,Please call me,if it is necessary,.,This book is,very,interesting.,He went to school,in spite of his illness,.,He,always,comes late to school.,基本句型,主语+系动词+表语（主系表）,主语+不及物动词+（其他成分）,主语+及物动词+宾语（主谓宾）,主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,主语+及物动词+宾语+宾补,He went.,He went there.,He went there yesterday.,He went there to see his mother yesterday.,He went there to see his mother ill in hospital by bike yesterday.,练习题：划分句子成分。,1.The weather changes very often in England.,2.A friend in need is a friend indeed.,3.Things of a kind comes together.,4.He asks me when I will go home.,5.There is an old saying that a friend in need is a friend indeed.,6.That he is a good student makes us happy.,