人教版高中英语必修四课件：unit5section2.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,Unit 5 Section,成才之路,高中新课程,学习指导,人教版,英语,必修,4(,通用本,),单击此处编辑母版文本样式,Unit 5,Theme parks,成才之路,高中新课程,学习指导,人教版,英语,必修,4(,通用本,),成才之路,英语,路漫漫其修远兮 吾将上下而求索,人教版,必修,4(,通用本,),Theme parks,Unit 5,1.1.1集合的概念,Learning about Language,1.1.1集合的概念,Section,课前新知预习,1,课堂要点探究,2,课堂达标验收,3,课后强化作业,4,课前新知预习,观察思考,判断下列各句中黑体词的词性及构词法。,It will bring you into a,magical,world and make your dreams come true.(_,；,_),As you wander around the fantasy,amusement,park,you may see Snow White or Mickey Mouse in a parade or on the street.(_,；,_),With all these,attractions,no,wonder,tourism is increasing,wherever,there is a Disneyland.(attraction,为,_,，,_,；,wonder,为,_,，,_,，动词,名词；,wherever,为,_,，,_,，副词副词,),Dollywood,shows and celebrates Americas,traditional,southeastern culture.(_,；,_),People come from all over America to see carpenters and other,craftsmen,make wood,glass and iron objects in the,oldfashioned,way.(craftsmen,为,_,，,_,，名词名词；,oldfashioned,为,_,，,_,，形容词过去分词,),It is,worldfamous,for having the most length in the smallest space.(_,，,_,，,名词形容词,),If you want to see fighting with swords or on,horseback,then the jousting area is a good place to visit.(_,，,_,，名词名词,),答案：,形容词；派生词,名词；派生词,名词；派生词；名词；转化词；副词；合成词,形容词；派生词,名词；合成词；形容词；合成词,形容词；合成词,名词；合成词,课堂要点探究,一、基础点拨,英语构词法主要有三种：,合成,由两个或两个以上的词合成一个词。,转化,由一种词性转化为另一种词性。,派生,通过加前缀或后缀变成另一个词。,(,一,),合成法,由两个或更多的词合成一个词。最常见的合成词为合成名词、合成形容词，还有合成副词、合成动词、合成代词等。,语 法 精 点,名师点拨,合成词之间有的用连字符,“,”,，有的直接连写在一起，还有的由分开的两个词构成。,1,合成名词。,构词方式,例,词,名词名词,headmaster,校长,代词名词,shegoat,雌山羊,shecousin,表,(,堂,),姐妹,名词动名词,shipbuilding,造船,(,业,),speedreading,快速阅读,名词动词,er(or,),painkiller,止痛药,形容词名词,highway,公路,动词副词,gettogether,聚会，联欢会,副词动词,output,产量；,upkeep,保养，维修,介词,(,副词,),名词,upland,高地，山地,副词名词,upshot,结局,分词副词,grownup,成年人,名词介词,lookeron,旁观者；,passerby,路人,动词介词,gobetween,中间人，媒人,名词介词名词,soninlaw,女婿；,sisterinlaw,嫂子,2.,合成形容词。,构词方式,例词,形容词名词,ed,warmhearted,热心肠的,coldblooded,冷血的,数词名词,ed,threelegged,三条腿的,形容词名词,ed,middleaged,中年的,barefooted,赤脚的,形容词现在分词,goodlooking,好看的,easygoing,容易相处的,形容词过去分词,newborn,新生的；,readymade,现成的,副词现在分词,hardworking,勤劳的,名词现在分词,Englishspeaking,说英语的,peaceloving,爱好和平的,副词过去分词,newlybuilt,新建的,wellknown,闻名的,名词过去分词,manmade,人造的,heartfelt,由衷的,形容词名词,everyday,日常的,highclass,高级的,数词名词形容词,twelveyearold,十二岁的,fivemeterlong,五米长的,3.,合成副词。,构词方式,例词,介词名词,underfoot,脚下,beforehand,事先,形容词名词,anyway,无论如何,副词名词,upstairs,在楼上；,downstairs,在楼下,副词副词,however,无论如何，然而，可是,代词副词,anywhere,任何地方,somehow,不知怎么地,形容词副词,nowhere,没有地方,代词名词,someday(,今后,),有一天,someway,以某种方式,副词介词,nearby,附近,4.,合成动词。,构词方式,例词,副词动词,overthrow,推翻；,overcome,克服,名词动词,typewrite,打字；,sleepwalk,梦游,形容词动词,broadcast,广播；,whitewash,粉刷,5.,合成代词。,构词方式,例词,代词宾格,self,itself,它自身,物主代词,self,myself,我自己,形容词名词,anything,任何东西；,something,某物，某事,6.,合成介词。,构词方式,例词,副词名词,inside,在,里面,介词副词,within,在,之内；,without,没有,副词介词,into,进入,(,二,),转化法,一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性。,转化词,例词,动词,名词,walk,v,行走,walk,n,散步,swim,v,游泳,swim,n,游泳,build,v,建造,build,n,体格,名词,动词,表示物体的,book,n,书,book,v,预订,can,n,罐头,can,v,把,装成罐头,ship,n,船,ship,v,用船运输,表示人体,部位的,hand,n,手,hand,v,递交,shoulder,n,肩膀,shoulder,v,肩负,head,n,头,head,v,朝,方向,表示一类人的,nurse,n,护士,nurse,v,护理,fool,n,傻子,fool,v,愚弄,表示自然现象的,rain,n,雨,rain,v,下雨,snow,n,雪,snow,v,下雪,wind,n,风,wind,v,迂回,形容词,动词,dry,adj,.,干的,dry,v,使变干,empty,adj,.,空的,empty,v,倒出，空出,副词,动词,Murder will out.,(,谚语,),恶事终将败露。,形容词,名词,black,adj,.,黑色的,black,n,黑人,white,adj,.,白色的,white,n,白人,good,adj,.,好的,good,n,益处,native,adj,.,本地的,native,n,本地人,特殊转化,must,aux,.,必须,must,n,必须的东西,(,三,),派生法,即在词根之前加前缀或在词根之后加后缀构成一个与原来单纯意义相近或截然相反的单词。除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变单词的词性，并不引起词义的变化。,1,前缀构成法。,前缀,含义,例词,dis,不，否定,dissatisfy,使不满意；,dishonest,不诚实的,un,不,unable,不能够；,unlucky,不幸的,un,做相反动作,undress,脱衣服；,unload,卸货,in,im,ir,il,不，非,inactive,不活跃的；,incorrect,不正确的,impolite,没有礼貌的；,impossible,不可能的,irregular,不规则的；,irresponsible,不负责任的,illogical,不合逻辑的；,illegal,非法的,non,不，非,nonexistent,不存在的；,nonstop,不停的,mis,错误的；,坏的,misunderstand,误解；,misfortune,厄运,re,重复，再,rewrite,重写；,remarry,再婚；,retell,复述,en,使能够,enable,使能够；,enrich,使丰富；,encourage,鼓励,ex,以前的，,前任的,expresident,前总统,/,主席；,exwife,前妻,super,在上面；,超级,superstar,巨星；,supermodel,超级模特；,supermarket,超市,under,在,之下,underground,地下的；,underestimate,低估,sub,在,下；次,于，低于,subway,地,(,下,),道，地铁；,submarine,潜水艇,inter,相互；,之间,international,国际的；,interact,相互作用,auto,自己的，独自的,automobile,机动车，汽车；,autobiography,自传,over,太，完全，,过,度，多,overfull,太满的，过多的；,overstudy,用功过度；,overweigh,胜过，强过,extra,额外，以,外，特殊,extraordinary,非凡的,pre,预先，在,之前,predict,预告；,preview,预习,2.,后缀构词法。,(1),名词后缀。,后缀,内涵,例词,age,状态，集合,shortage,缺少；,marriage,婚姻,an/,ian,人，,家,American,美国人；,Italian,意大利人；,musician,音乐家,ence,/,ance,构成抽象,名词,evidence,证据；,importance,重要性；,significance,重要性；,dependence,依靠,cion/sion,/,tion/ation,动作；状态,suspicion,怀疑；,explosion,爆炸；,repetition,重复；,organization,组织,ee,动作的承受者,或受影响者,employee,受雇者；,refugee,难民,er,/or,人或物,cooker,炊具；,writer,作家；,operator,操作员；,actor,演员；,tractor,拖拉机,ess,指女性,waitress,女服务员；,actress,女演员；,hostess,女主人,ism,主义，,教,socialism,社会主义；,capitalism,资本主义；,communism,共产主义；,Buddhism,佛教,ist,主义者；,家,socialist,社会主义者；,communist,共产主义者；,scientist,科学家；,dentist,牙医,ment,行为，结,果，状,态，性质,movement,运动；,achievement,成就；,government,政府；,equipment,设备；,development,发展,ship,关系，身份,seamanship,航海术；,friendship,友谊；,citizenship,公民身份,hood,身份，性,质，时代,adulthood,成年；,neighbourhood,四邻；,knighthood,骑士身份；,childhood,童年,ty,状态，性质,honesty,诚实；,difficulty,困难；,anxiety,焦虑,ure,结果，行为，,状态，实物,pleasure,高兴；,picture,图画；,pressure,压力,al,动作过,程，结果,approval,同意；,arrival,到达；到达的人,(2),形容词后缀。,后缀,例词,able/,ible,/,ble,tolerable,可忍受的；,unbelievable,不可信的；,responsible,负责的,al,traditional,传统的；,national,国家的；,continental,大陆的,ed,talented,有才华的；,learned,有学识的；,interested,感兴趣的,en,wooden,木制的；,woolen,毛纺的；,golden,金色的,ful,careful,细心的；,beautiful,漂亮的；,colorful,鲜艳的；,helpful,有帮助的,ic/ical,electric,电的；,electrical,与电有关的；,political,政治的；,electronic,电子的,ish,selfish,自私的；,childish,孩子气的,ive,creative,有创造力的；,productive,有生产能力的；,active,活跃的,less,careless,粗心的；,priceless,无价的；,limitless,无限的；,useless,无用的,ly,friendly,友好的；,motherly,母亲般的；,deadly,致命的；,weekly,每周的,ous,/,ious,courageous,有勇气的；,mountainous,多山的；,dangerous,危险的；,glorious,光荣的,ward,downward,向下的；,upward,向上的；,inward,向里的；,outward,向外的；,forward,向前的；,backward,向后的,y,rainy,多雨的；,windy,多风的；,dusty,满是灰尘的；,misty,有薄雾的，朦胧的,(3),动词后缀。,后缀,意义,例词,en,使变得,；,使成为,deepen,加深；,harden,使变得坚固；,lengthen,延长；,sharpen,使锋利,fy,使,化,beautify,使美化；,classify,分类；,terrify,使害怕；,satisfy,使满意,ize/ise,使,变成,industrialize,使工业化；,realize,实现,(4),副词后缀。,后缀,例词,ly,beautifully,漂亮地；,carefully,仔细地，细心地；,quickly,快速地,wards,downwards,向下；,upwards,向上；,inwards,向里；,outwards,向外；,forwards,向前；,backwards,向后,二、难点突破,1,由,“,可数名词介词,(,短语,),”,构成的复合名词变复数时，把前面的名词变复数。,*,fatherinlaw,fathersinlaw,*,passerby,passersby,*,lookeron,lookerson,2,由,man,和,woman,构成的合成名词变复数时，两个名词都要变成复数。,*,a woman,teacher,women,teachers,*a man,doctor,men,doctors,3,由,“,名词名词,”,构成的复合名词，在变复数时，只变化中心名词，而修饰名词不变。,*,a,girlfriend,girlfriends,4,某些形容词,(young/old/injured/wounded/poor/rich,等,),与,the,连用指一类人，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。,*,The young in our society need care and protection.,我们社会的青年们需要关心和保护。,课堂达标验收,.,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空,1,He_in,this school and he has been,a_for,more than twenty,years.(teach,),2,When we heard he was beaten by someone in the street,we were filled,with_.(angry,),3,The USA is,a_country,while China is,a_country.(develop,),4,We take,great_in,what you have,achieved.(proud,),5,The success of our experiment is a,great_to,us,all.(satisfy,),6,They,have_in,climbing to the top of the high,mountain.(success,),7,The singer gave,a_smile,to all those who came to greet,him.(friend,),8,The teacher asked the students to,be_when,they did the experiment,so they did the,experiment_.(care,),9,He has,some_in,understanding what the English teacher,says.(difficult,),10,English,is_used,in the,world.(wide,),11,In time of_,，,mans brain works much faster than,normal.(dangerous,),12,There is,little_left,so you,mustnt_the,flowers.(water,),13,This phrase is,quite_from,that one.You must pay attention to,the_between,them.(differ,),14,She is,a_girl,and she,sings_.(beauty,),答案：,1.teaches,teacher,2.anger,3.developed,developing,4.pride,5.satisfaction,6.succeeded,7.friendly,8.careful,carefully,9.difficulty,10.widely,11.danger 12,water,water,13.different,difference,14.beautiful,beautifully,.,单项填空,1,The early _ of Australia lived on the east coast of the continent.,A,settlers B,performers,C,translators D,divers,答案：,A,考查名词在具体语境中的使用。,settler,“,移民，殖民者,”,；,performer,“,表演者,”,；,translator,“,译员，翻译,”,；,diver,“,潜水员,”,。句意为,“,澳大利亚早期的移民居住在这个洲的东海岸,”,。故选,A,项。,2,His love of language made him towards a career as a _.,A,performer B,visitor,C,translator D,director,答案：,C,考查名词在具体语境中的使用。,performer,“,表演者,”,；,visitor,“,参观者，游客,”,；,translator,“,译员，翻译,”,；,director,“,指导者，导演,”,。句意为,“,他对语言的热爱使他从事翻译工作,”,。故选,C,项。,3,Two _ and three _ attend the meeting.,A,Englishmans,;German,B,Englishmen;German,C,Englishmen;Germans,D,Englishmans,;Germans,答案：,C,考查名词复数形式。,Englishman,为合成名词，其复数形式为,Englishmen,。,German,的复数形式是,Germans,。句意为“两名英国人和三名德国人参加会议”。故选,C,项。,4,I havent heard from Sam for a long time.Have you seen him _,？,A,latest B,lately,C,later D,latter,答案：,B,考查词汇在具体语境中的使用。,latest,“,最近的，最新的,”,；,lately,“,最近,”,；,later,“,稍晚些,”,；,latter,“,后者，后面的,”,。句意为,“,我没收到萨姆的来信有好长时间了。你最近见他了吗？,”,故选,B,项。,5,Many students signed up for the _ race in the sports meeting to be held next week.,A,800meterlong B,800meterslong,C,800 meter length D,800 meters length,答案：,A,考查形容词的用法。合成形容词作前置定语时，其中的名词用单数形式，故排除,B,项。,C,、,D,两项应为,800 meters long,。句意为“很多学生报名参加在下周举行的运动会中的,800,米赛跑”。故选,A,项。,6,The necklace that she lost is very expensive.Its of great _.,A,valuable B,value,C,valueless D,invaluable,答案：,B,考查词汇在具体语境中的使用。,valuable,adj,.“,有价值的”；,value,n,“价值”；,valueless,adj,.“,无价值的”；,invaluable,adj,.“,无价的”。,be of,后应加名词。句意为“她掉的那个项链很贵。它非常有价值”。故选,B,项。,7,The employees havent been paid _ since the new manager took over this company last month.,A,regularly B,normally,C,absolutely D,ordinarily,答案：,A,考查副词在具体语境中的使用。,regularly,“,有规律地，定期地,”,；,normally,“,正常地,”,；,absolutely,“,完全地,”,；,ordinarily,“,通常地，正常地,”,。句意为,“,自上个月新经理掌管公司以来，这些雇员没有定期地拿到工资,”,。故选,A,项。,8,She told an _ joke to us,wearing on her face an _ look after dinner.,A,amused;amusing B,amusing;amused,C,amusing;amusing D,amused;amused,答案：,B,考查非谓语动词的用法。,amused,“,开心的，好笑的,”,，表明某物,/,人所处的一种状态；,amusing,“,令人发笑的，令人愉快的,”,，表明某事物的性质。句意为,“,饭后她面带笑容给我们讲了一个令人捧腹大笑的笑话,”,。故选,B,项。,9,To his surprise,he found a lot of _ were _.,A,passersby;grownups,B,passersbys,;,grownsup,C,passersbys,;grownups,D,passersby;grownup,答案：,A,考查名词复数形式。,passerby,的复数形式是,passersby,；而,grownup,的复数形式是,grownups,。句意为,“,让他吃惊的是，他发现很多过路人是成年人,”,。故选,A,项。,10,The three_ chair isnt suitable for a young child.He may fall off.,A,legging B,legged,C,legs D,leged,答案：,B,考查形容词的用法。合成形容词,“,三条腿的,”,用,threelegged,表示。句意为,“,那三条腿的椅子对小孩不合适。他有可能摔下来,”,。故选,B,项。,11,I had my wallet stolen by a _ while I was on the subway.,A,gobetween,B,pickpocket,C,doubledealer,D,breakwater,答案：,B,gobetween,“,中间人,”,；,pickpocket,“,扒手，小偷,”,；,doubledealer,“,两面派,”,；,breakwater,“,防波堤,”,。句意为,“,在乘地铁时我的钱包让扒手偷了,”,。根据句意选,B,项。,12,The policy produced _ effects.,A,handmade B,finesounding,C,farreaching,D,nobleminded,答案：,C,handmade,“,手工的,”,；,finesounding,“,动听的,”,；,farreaching,“,深远的,”,；,nobleminded,“,高尚的,”,。句意为,“,这政策产生了深远的影响,”,。根据句意选,C,项。,13,What would you say if I ask you to _ the wall for me?,A,overcome B,overthrow,C,watercool,D,whitewash,答案：,D,overcome,“,克服,”,；,overthrow,“,推翻,”,；,watercool,“,用水冷却,”,；,whitewash,“,粉刷,”,。句意为,“,请你帮我粉刷一下墙怎么样？,”,根据句意选,D,项。,14,The children came running _ when they heard its time for,The,Pleasant,Goat,and,the,Big,Big,Wolf,.,A,underfoot B,hotfoot,C,forever D,someday,答案：,B,underfoot,“,在脚下,”,；,hotfoot,“,匆忙地,”,；,forever,“,永远,”,；,someday,“,有朝一日,”,。句意为,“,当孩子们听说到演,喜羊羊与灰太狼,的时间了，便赶紧跑过来,”,。根据句意选,B,项。,15,Whats under the bed?,_.,A,None B,Anything,C,Nothing D,Everything,答案：,C,none,用来回答,how many,和,how much,的问句；,anything,“,任何东西,”,；,nothing,“,没有东西,”,；,everything,“,一切,”,。句意：,床底下是什么？,什么也没有。根据句意选,C,项。,课后强化作业,（点此链接）,