医疗英语骨骼.pptx

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,SKELETAL SYSTEM,Functions,Classification,Types of bones,tissues and cells,Bone structure(anatomy),Divisions of the skeleton,Joints(classification and anatomy of joints),Diseases of the skeletal system,Bones of the Skeleton,carpals,clavicle,coccyx,femur,fibula,humerus,mandible,metacarpals,metatarsals,patella,phalanges,pelvis,radius,ribs,sacrum,scapula,skull,sternum,tarsals,tibia,ulna,vertebrae,21,22,20,15,19,14,17,18,13,1,4,3,2,7,6,5,9,8,10,16,11,11,21,22,20,19,12,18,15,16,17,13,14,10,9,8,6,5,4,3,2,1,11,7,12,Long Bones-,metacarples,metatarsals,phalanges,humerus,ulna,radius,tibia,fibula,Short Bones-,carpals,tarsal,s,Flat Bones-,rib,scapula,skull,sternum,Irregular Bones-,vertebrae,some facial bones,Sesamoid,-patella,Distal,epiphysis,Proximal,epiphysis,diaphysis,yellow marrow,epiphyseal line,periosteum,compact bone,spongy bone,Endosteum,hyaline cartilage,Sharpeys fibers,Axial Skeleton,Skull,Vertebral column,Rib cage(ribs+sternum),Skull,Skull Bones,*,The Skull consists of 8 CRANIAL BONES+,14 FACIAL BONES,*The Ears consists of,6 BONES and,*Floating in the throat is 1 HYOID BONE,Inner Ear,Rib Cage,Also called the Thoracic Cage,12 pairs of RIBS,7 true ribs,5 false ribs,(2 floating ribs),1 STERNUM,(breastbone),Vertebral Column(spinal column/backbone),7,CERVICAL(NECK)VERTEBRAE,12,THORACIC,5,LUMBAR,5 FUSED VERTEBRAE INTO,1,SACRUM,4 SMALL FUSED VERTEBRAE INTO,1,COCCYX,(YOUR TAIL BONE),Shoulder Girdles and Arms,The Shoulder girdle is also called the pectoral girdle,Consists of 4 bones,Upper limbs consist of 60 bones(the hands and wrist contain 54 separate bones).,Hip Girdles and Legs,The hip girdle is also called the pelvic girdle,Consists of,2 bones,Lower limbs consist of 60 bones(the anklesand feet contain 52 separate bones),Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape,Slide 5.52a,Copyright 2023 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin Cummings,Figure 5.29ac,Types of Synovial Joints Based on Shape,Slide 5.52b,Copyright 2023 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin Cummings,Figure 5.29df,Anatomy of a Joint,2 or more bones,Joint capsule,Cartilage,Synovial membrane,Synovial fluid,Fat,Ligaments,Bursa,Meniscus,Tendons,Structures of a freely movable joint,Osteoporosis,-bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit;bones become lighter and fracture easier,Rickets,-vitamin D deficiency,Osteomalacia,-soft bones,inadequate mineralization in bones,lack of vitamin D,Pagets Disease,-spotty weakening in the bones,excessive and abnormal bone remodeling,Rheumatoid arthritis,-autoimmune reaction,Diseases of the Skeletal System:,