如何扩充英语词汇.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,How to Enlarge Your Vocabulary,By Marissa Chi,Two Ways to go,I.through the Affixation and the Root,II.through the context,The root,1.,词根是一个独立的单词,1,）,Tract,n.,trkt,1.(,土地、水域、矿藏等的,),一片，大片；地带；地域,2.,主美国西部方言,住宅区；居民点,3.【,解剖学、动物学,】,道；系统,n.,1.(,宗教或政治,),宣传手册；传单；小册子,2.,古语,论文,Extract,distract,port,含义是,“,搬运,”export,import,deport(,驱逐出境,),form,含义是,“,形,”uniform,transform,reform,deform,gram,graph,含义是,“,书写，记录,”telegram,autograph,photograph,press,含义是,“,压，压制,”pressure,express,impression,miss,mit,含义是,“,派遣，送,”mission,dismiss,transmit,missile,2.,词根非独立单词，,“Tox”,毒药,1)toxicant,tksiknt,Adj.,毒的；有毒的；中毒的,N.1.【,毒理学,】,毒药；毒物,2.,毒品；麻醉剂,Intoxication n.,2)spec,spect,spitc,spis,含义是,“,看，视,”inspect,spectator,conspicuous,respect,3),struct,含义是,“,建筑，构造,”structure,construct,instruct,destruction,4),phon,含义是,“,声音,”symphony,telephone,microphone,5),fer,含义是,“,搬运，移转,”ferry,transfer,The Affixations that weve learnedA.the prefix 1.En-,“使得”,Enable enclose entitle enforce enroll enlarge encourage encamp ensure enhance,1.The school will,_,new students in August.,2.The football field is _by a wall.,3.A birds wing _it to fly highly in the sky.,4.The writer _his book“The Young”.,5.I _ her to work hard and to try for the exam again.,2.Ex-e-ef-,“外面,/,出去”,Exit,exterior(interior,),external(internal,),export(import,),expose extract,exclude(include,)exclaim,exchange,expect,extend,express,explore,emerge,educate elect,Emit,enormous,evaluate Effect,.the story of how the press helped _ the truth about the Nixon administration.,The _ of the house was furnished with heavy,old-fashioned pieces,房内陈设着些笨重、老式的家具,4.Fore-,“前面,/,预先”,Before forecast forehead forefather,forearm forebrain,forefinger,forefront,foreknowledge,1.Its hard to _ earthquake accurately.,2.All soldiers had to fight fiercely in the _.,3.She point to the sign with her _.,4.When we have a fever,our _feel very hot.,Pro-,pre-,3.Extra-,“额外的,在,之外的”,Extraordinary,extra-violet,Curriculum extracurricular,Extrovert(introvert)extra-solar extramarital,extreme,1.We have many _ activities.,2.Human beings try to explore the _space.,3.The little girls temper is _.,4.We always carry a umbrella to protect our skin from being hurt by _.,5.Dis-,“否定”,Dislike dishonest disappear discourage disarm discover dismiss distract discharge discount disgust disorder dispose dispute dissolve,1.The superpowers never agreed to _,2.This is a _ between these two countries.,3.If you,_,something,from,your mind,you stop thinking about it.,4.I _ the problem from my mind.,5.His car _ into the darkness.,6.His rude words are very_.,6.Im-/In-,表示“向内,/,进入”,import immigrant impress impose improve impel imprison implicit impulse impact,implant,indoor inner internal interior inside include infer insight insist inspect instruction intend invade inward,intensive(extensive,),intimidate,invoice,Fines are _ on retailers who sell tobacco to minors.,向未成年人销售烟草制品的零售商要被强制罚款,He was a man of forceful character,with considerable _ and diplomatic skills.,他是个性格坚强的人，有着非凡的洞察力和交际手腕。,an inquiry into allegations of _ during last weeks vote.,一项对上周选举期间恐吓指控的调查。,4.Her graceful behavior _ me a lot.,7.Un-,表“否定”,Unable unacceptable unaccustomed unauthorized,Unavailable,unavoidable,unaware,unbearable,unbelievable,uncertain,unconventional,uncountable unreal,unequal unfortunate unconditional unofficial uneducated uncivilized,8.Super-,表示“超级,/,过度”,Superb superficial superior,supernatural,superpower,super-girl,Superabundant superhighway,supersonic,superstar,supervise,supersensitive,Superstructure,The economic base determines the _.,A team was sent to _ the elections in Nicaragua.,一队人马被派去监督尼加拉瓜的选举。,9.Multi-,表示“很多”,Multiply multifunctional,multi-media multilingual multicultural multitude multidirectional,multi-cellular multicolored,multilateral multimillionaire multinational multiracial,These creatures can _ quickly.,Many want to abandon the multilateral trade talks in Geneva.(CET-6),许多国家想要放弃在日内瓦的多边贸易会谈。,Post-,表示“在后面,/,邮政”,Postpone postwar postgraduate,Post-free post-paid postbox postcard postman postmark postmaster postage,Pre-,表示“前的,/,预先的”,Precondition preschool,premature baby,B.The suffix 1.ify+adj./n.=v.,the process by which a state,quality,or condition is brought about.Eg.Simplify,beautify,Classify,purify,justify,intensify,terrify,glorify,identify,exemplify,1.The rooms style _ their ideal of beauty and practicality.“,2.He attempts to,_,his conduct.,3.The film _ war and violence.,4.Police have already _ 10 murder suspects.,2.ery/-ry,+n./adj.=n.,a group or collection of;the state or character of;eg.Bravery,machinery,+v./n.=n.,a place where sth happens or is made or referring to an action eg.Bakery,robbery,Delivery,discovery,nursery,scenery,jewelry,1.Please allow 28 days for the goods _.,2.She puts her baby in this _ and then goes back to work,3.ist+n./adj.=n,a person believing in practicing,concerned with,or doing the specified action.Eg.Marxist,socialist,violinist,Activist,terrorist,idealist,capitalist,biologist,novelist,artist,1.China has pledged to retain Hong Kongs _ system for 50 years.,2.One American was killed and three were wounded in _ attacks.,3.The police say they suspect the attack was carried out by animal rights _.,4.ism+v./n./adj.=n.,beliefs,behavior,actions or ceremonies.Eg.Socialism,criticism,terrorism,Heroism,racism,idealism,modernism,realism,romanticism,1.,_,is opposite to materialism.,2.The _ reflected in this novel made it easy to forget they were fiction.,3.There is a feeling among some colored people that the level of _ is declining.,5.-like+n.=adj.,being similar,-ish+n.=adj.,of the nature of,-like/-ish+adj.=adj.,having a small amount of the characteristics or quality eg.Foolish,longish,Animal-like,selfish,honey-like,boyish,yellowish,bookish,1.But those who have worked for him say that beneath the,_,exterior he is extremely tough.,2.I think Ive been very _.Ive been mainly concerned with myself.,6.ian+n./adj.=n.,a person whose job or hobby involves the thing referred to by the orinal n.eg.Mathematician,historian,Beautician,electrician,magician,musician,comedian,physician,technician,politician,1.If your stomach has signs of bloating(,胀,),check with your _ instead of your surgeon,.,2.,My,_,said this style makes me looks professional.,Introduction to some affixations,1.Homo-,表示“同类”,hetero-,异类,/,异种,Homosexual,homocentric,同中心的,homogeneous,homograph,同形异义字,Heterosexual heterodoxy,异教,/,邪说,hetero,gen,eous,1.He is a _not a _.,2.The government considered his ideas as _,3.,These,two species are _.,2.Hyper-,表示“超过,/,太多”,Hyperactive,Hypercritical,hypertension,1.The leader is always _ to his secretary.,3.On stage,she felt her _ in her mind.,5.The little boy is very_.,3.Im-/in-/il/ir/,表示“否定,/,不,/,无,/,非,imbalanced impossible,impolite,impartial,impassive,impatient,imperceptible,imperfect,impersonal,impractical,improper,impure immature,immeasurable,immobile,immoral,immortal,Incapable invisible injustice indifferent inacceptable inaccessible inaccurate inactive inapplicable,inappropriate,incoherent,incomparable,incompetent,incomplete incomprehensible inconclusive inconsistent inconvenient incorrect incredible incurable indefinite independent inefficient,4.Non-,表示“不,/,非”,Nonsmoking,nonexistent,nonstop,non-profit non-agriculture,non-alcoholic non-destructive nondurable nonessential,nonmedical nonprofessional,nonsense non-significant nonstandard nontoxic non-uniform,不统一的,nonviolent,5.Under-,表示“在,下面,/,不足,/,不”不够,underground,underestimate,underline,undersea,underwear,underdeveloped,undersized,underage undergo undergraduate,One should not _ the investment this industry requires.,New recruits have been _ training in recent weeks.,6.Over,“越过,/,超过,/,过度”,overhead overlook,overnight overseas overcoat overpass,overactive overall overload overcharge,overcooked overdo overdue,overeat,overestimate,overjoyed,overpopulation overproduction,oversize overstate,7.Ultra-,表示“极端,/,超出,/,超过,Ultrapure,ultraclean,ultramodern,ultraliberal,ultrared,Ultraviolet,ultrahigh,ultrasound,8.Mono-,表示“单个,/,一个”,Monologue,dialogue,monarch,monogamy,monopoly,monotonous,monograph,monolingual,Monophonic,monorail,Introduction to prefixation,1,、名词后缀,1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:,做某件事情或职业的人或物：,worker,debtor,actor,actress,democrat,2)-acy,表示,“,性质，状态，境遇,”democracy,accuracy,diplomacy,3)-ance,-,ence,表示,“,性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度,”importance,diligence,difference,obedience,4)-ancy,-,ency,表示,“,性质，状态，行为，过程,”frequency,urgency,efficiency,5)-bility,表示,“,动作，性质，状态,”possibility,flexibility,feasibility,6)-dom,表示,“,等级，领域，状态,”freedom,kingdom,wisdom,7)-hood,表示,资格，身份,年纪，状态,childhood,manhood,falsehood,knighthood,8)-ion,-,sion,-,tion,-,ation,-,ition,表示,“,行为的过程，结果，状况,”action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction,9)-ity,表示,“,性质，状态，程度,”purity,reality,ability,calamity,灾难,10)-ment,表示,“,行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果,”treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument,11)-ness,表示,“,性质，状态，程度,”goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness,12)-ship,表示,“,情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业,”hardship,membership,friendship,14)-th,表示,“,动作，性质，过程，状态,”depth,wealth,truth,length,growth,15)-tude,表示,“,性质，状态，程度,”latitude,altitude(,海拔,),16)-ure,表示,“,行为，结果,”exposure,pressure,failure,procedure(,手续,),，,17-grapy,表示,“,学，写法,”biography,calligraphy,geography,18)-ic,ics,表示,“,学,法,”logic,mechanics,electronics,linguistics,19)-ology,表示,“,学,论,”biology,zoology,technology(,工艺学,),20)-nomy,表示,“,学,术,”astronomy,economy,2,、形容词后缀带有,“,属性，倾向，相关,”,的含义,1)-able,-,ible,visible,flexible,2),名词,-,ish,foolish,bookish,selfish(,注意,accomplish,vanish,是动词,),3)-ive,active,sensitive,productive,4)-like,manlike,childlike,5),名词,-,ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly,6)-some,troublesome,handsome,7)-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful,8)-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various,9)-ent,violent,10)-most,foremost,topmost,11,）,-less,表示否定，,countless,stainless,wireless,3,、动词后缀,1)-,ize,ise,表示,“,做成，变成，,化,”modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize,2)-en,表示,“,使成为，引起，使有,”quicken,weaken,soften,harden,3)-,fy,表示,“,使,化,使成,”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify,4)-,ish,表示,“,使，令,”,fin,ish,abo,lish,di,min,ish,establish,5)-ate,表示,“,成为,，处理，作用,”separate,operate,indicate,4,、副词后缀,(,形容词,)-,ly,：,badbadly,坏地,/,恶劣地，,carefulcarefully,小心地,以,ly,结尾的不全是副词；,friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,lively adj.,-wise,：,clockclockwise(a,./adv.),顺时针方向的,(,地,),；,likelikewise,同样地,-wards,：,outoutwards,向外面地，,northnorthwards,向北方地,II.through the context,略,Be mature,成熟点，稳重点,不要遇见陌生,w,就紧张,紧张就会不知所措，忘记本来会的东东，或者变得心浮气躁,要,calm down,沉着应对，瞻前顾后，看看,w,前后有没有相关人士跟着，再出手,