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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,1/38,考点解读,动词时态和语态是高考必考点,时态主要包括,10,种，即：普通现在时、普通过去时、普通未来时、过去未来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、未来完成时、现在完成进行时；,语态考查不一样时态下被动语态。,状态,时间,普通,进行,完成,完成进行,现在,过去,未来,过去未来,2/38,时态 之 （,1,）普通现在时,（一）基本使用方法,1.,表示现在习惯性、经常性发生动作或存在状态。,常与,every+,一段时间,usually,always,sometimes,often,every day,frequently,on Mondays,once a month,等时间状语连用。,eg:He gets up early and goes to bed early every day.,2.表示客观事实、真理、格言或者警句等。,eg:,The teacher told his students that metal expands when heated.,3/38,时态 之 （,1,）普通现在时,（二）重点点拨,1.,表示按照时间表、计划安排好或要求行为。,限于,go,come,leave,start,stop,arrive,等表示动作趋向性或位移性动词。,eg:The plane takes off at 5:00 a.m.,2.,“,主将从现,”,中使用。,Even if it rains tomorrow,the sports meeting will take place.,However much advice you give him,he will do exactly what he wants.,Tips:,1.,做题过程中要先看,时间状语,，结合前后,语境,，并要注意,复合句或并列句,时态。,2.,普通现在时要注意,“,主谓一致,”,。,4/38,时态 之（,1,）普通现在时,（三）例题解析,全国卷I 语法填空,While running regularly,cant make,you live forever,the review says it,64,(be)more effective at lengthening life,65,(than),walking,cycling or swimming.,答案：,is,考查时态和主谓一致,5/38,时态 之（,1,）普通现在时,全国卷,I,改错（改时态问题即可）,My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that,I,live.Though not very big,but the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.Some people even,had,to wait outside,.,My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest.Every day he makes sure,.,答案：,had,改为,have,考查时态,6/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,7/38,时态 之 （,2,）普通过去时,（一）基本使用方法,1.,过去某个时间里发生动作、状态。,常与,yesterday,in 201,7,last month,the day before yesterday,一段时间,+ago,the other day,等表示过去时间,状语,连用。,eg:She wasnt in at that time.,2.,过去经常、重复性发生动作或状态。,常与,由when等连词引导状语从句,连用,；,used to do sth.表示“过去经常做某事”，而现在不做了,。,eg:When I was in the factory,I often worked in the workshop.,8/38,时态 之 （,2,）普通过去时,（二）重点点拨,1.,表示“原认为/原来认为/原希望”等意义时,know,think,expect等动词惯用普通过去时,。,eg:He didnt expect to meet you.,2.,“,主将从现,”,前推一个时态中使用方法。,eg:,He said he would not go if it rained,.,3.,惯用固定句型。,It,has been,3 years,since,he,joined,the army,.,I,was going,along the street looking for a place to park,when,the accident,occurred,.,eg:T,he accident,occurred,while,I,was going,along the street looking for a place to park,.,I,had,hardly,finished,my work,when,he,came,to see me.,I,had,no sooner,got,into the room,than,it,began,to snow.,9/38,时态 之（,2,）普通过去时,（三）例题解析,全国卷I 语法填空,It was raining lightly when I_61_(arrive)in Yangshuo just before dawn.,答案：,arrived,全国卷I,改错,During my last winter holiday,I went to,the,countryside with my father to visit,my grandparents.I find a big change there.,答案：,find,改为,found,10/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,11/38,时态 之 （,3,）普通未来时,（一）基本使用方法,1.,表示未来某一时刻动作或状态（未发生动作、状态）,即单纯未来事实,。,谓语动词：,will+动词原形,eg:I think itwillbe rainy tomorrow.,2.,表示计划、打算要做某事或者有预兆要发生某事。,谓语动词：,am/is/are going to,+动词原形,eg:Look at the clouds,there is going to be a storm.,12/38,时态 之 （,3,）普通未来时,对比以下两个对话：,-Kate is in hospital.,-Oh,really,I didnt know.Iwillgo and see her at once.,-Kate is in hospital.,-Yes,I know.Iam goingtosee her this afternoon.,普通未来时,常与,in+,一段时间,，,next time,tomorrow,before long,later(on),in the future,this afternoon,next year,the day after tomorrow等时间状语连用。,13/38,时态 之 （,3,）普通未来时,（二）重点点拨,1.,表示即将要发生某事,（即刻未来）。,谓语动词：,am/is/are about to,+动词原形,（通常不与详细时间状语连用，但可与,when,引导时间状语从句连用）,eg:The train is about to start.,2.,表示按计划或安排即将要做某事,或者按照职责、义务、要求等要做某事。,谓语动词：,am/is/are to,+动词原形,eg:We are to obey these rules when we go into the library.,14/38,时态 之 （,3,）普通未来时,3.“,普通现在表未来,”,与,“,现在进行表未来,”,。,eg:Ladies and gentlemen,please fasten your safety belt.The plane is taking off.,Look at the timetable.Flight 4026 takes off at 18：20.,注意：,谓语动词常为,表示动作趋向性短暂性动词,come,go,leave,start,open,arrive,begin,return,，,take off,等。,4.,“祈使句+and/or+句子”，这种结构中and后面句子谓语用普通未来时。,eg:Use your head and you will find a way.,5.,“,主将从现,”,中使用。,15/38,时态 之（,3,）普通未来时,（三）例题解析,Close the door of fear behind you,and you_(see)the door of faith open before you.,答案：,will see,北京高考,Do you think Mom and Dad _(be)late?,No,Swiss Air is usually on time.,答案：,will be,16/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,17/38,时态 之 （,4,）现在完成时,（一）基本使用方法,1.,表示过去发生某一动作对现在造成影响或结果,惯用时间状语:already,never,just,before,yet等。,eg:I have already seen the film.,2.,表示过去发生而连续到现在动作或状态，惯用时间状语:,“for+时间段”,“since+时间点”,so far,in the last/past few days/years,since then,up to now等。,eg:I have learnt English for five years.,I have been here since last year/one year ago.,18/38,时态 之 （,4,）现在完成时,（二）重点点拨,1.,固定句型使用方法：,It is/has been+,时间段,+since.,表示,“,自从,以来已经,”,。,eg:,It is/has been ten years since I graduated from the university.,This/It/That is the first/second/third.time that.,表示,“,这,/,那是,(,某人,),第几次做某事,”,that,从句中要用现在完成时。,eg:It is the first time that I have visited the city.,“,形容词最高级,+,名词,”,后定语从句中要用现在完成时。,eg:This is the best film that Ive(ever)seen.,2.,“,主将从现,”,中使用。,eg:,Please return the book to me when you have finished it.,19/38,时态 之 （,4,）现在完成时,（二）重点点拨,3.,比较记忆,“,一段时间,+ago”,与,“,一段时间,+before”,“,一段时间,+ago,”,惯用于普通过去时态，而,“,一段时间,+before,”,（泛指从过去起若干时间以前）惯用于完成时态。,年全国,I,卷 改错,Nearly five years,before,and with the help,by,our father,my sister and I,planted,some,ago,of,cherry tomatoes（圣女果）in our back garden.,年全国,I,卷 语篇填空,A few hours_62_,I,d been,at home in Hong Kong,with,63,its,(it)choking smog.,答案：,before,20/38,时态 之 （,4,）现在完成时,（二）重点点拨,4.,现在完成时与普通过去时区分,普通过去时：,强调动作发生在过去某一时间，不强调对现在造成影响或结果；,与表示过去某一特定时间或与现在无关某一过去时间连用,现在完成时：,表示过去动作与现在相关系,主要强调对现在造成影响和结果；,可与,today,this week,since,等表示包含现在一段时间状语连用，,但不能和表示过去时间状语连用,eg,：Theyve gone to,Beijing,so far.,They went to,Beijing,last year.,21/38,时态 之 （,4,）现在完成时,（二）重点点拨,5.,现在完成时与过去完成时区分,过去完成时,-,动作为过去过去；可按时间截止点去区分二者。,过去,1,（动作发生）过去 现在,eg,：,Up to now,I have learnt 3,500 words.,By the end of last term,I had learnt 3,500 words.,22/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,23/38,时态 之（,4,）现在完成时,（三）例题解析,年全国,II,卷,Diets have changed in China-and so too has its top crop.Since,the country,61,(grow)more corn than rice.,答案：,has grown,年浙江,高考,9.Silk _(become)one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.,答案：,had become,24/38,时态 之（,4,）现在完成时,年北京卷,26.In the last few years,China_ great achievements in environmental protection.,A.has made,B.had made C.was making D.is making,答案：,A,年江苏,高考,How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?,Well,the media,(cover)it in a variety of forms.,答案：,have covered,25/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,26/38,语态 之 被动语态,（一）被动语态使用及谓语动词,1.,使用被动语态，谓语动词为及物动词。,2.,谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态，能够用错位相加法。,am/is/are,doing,have,/has,done,am/is/are,being done have,/has,been done,be,done,be,done,3.,在“主谓双宾”结构句中，用直接宾语作被动语态主语时，通常要在间接宾语前加上适当介词(如,to,for,)，以加强间接宾语语气。,The host had caught us some fish.Some fish had been caught for us by the host.,4.在“,主谓宾宾补,”,结构句中，,主动中跟不带to不定式作宾补词，在变为被动时，不定式应加上to,。,We heard him say good-bye to his friends.He was heard to say good-bye to his friends.,27/38,语态 之 被动语态,（二）,谓语动词主动形式表示被动含义,1.,一些表示状态特征系动词，如：sound,seem,smell,taste,look,feel等。,eg：The music sounds wonderful.,2.,一些表主语内在品质或性能动词，,常与,not,hardly,well,easily,badly,nicely,等副词连用，,如：lock,sell,wash,read,write,open,wear,keep等。,eg：,This kind of cloth washes easily,.,3.,表示开始、结束、运动动词，如,begin,finish,close,open,start,stop,shut,run,move,等。,eg：,The shop opens at 8 a.m.every day.,28/38,语态 之 被动语态,另：注意一些,非谓语动词主动形式表示被动含义,1.,在,need,want,require,等动词表需要含义，以及,worth,等形容词后面,动名词主动形式表示被动意义,其含义相当于动词不定式被动形式。,eg：This book is well worth reading.,The baby needs looking after.,2.,be to blame/let,主动形式表被动意义。,eg：,The houses are to let.,The boy was to blame for what he had done.,3.,“,主语,(,人,/,物,)+be+,形容词,+,不定式,”,中不定式主动形式表示被动意义，这些形容词有,nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting,等。,eg：,This kind of food isnt fit to eat.,The girl isnt easy to get along with.,29/38,语态 之 被动语态,（三）例题解析,年,天津,卷,13.My washing machine,this week,so I have to wash my clothes by hand.,A.was repaired B.is repaired C.is being repaired D.has been repaired,答案：,C,年浙江,11,月卷,This isnt as hard as it,(sound),and it is far better than any other method.,答案：,sounds,30/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,31/38,时态语态 之 时态呼应及情态动词主被动,（一）,时态呼应,1.,主将从现（适合用于时间、条件、让步等状语从句中）,主句,表未来,，从句用,现在时,普通未来 普通现在,祈使句 现在进行,情动+动原 现在完成,Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.,eg:,If she is still waiting,tell her to go home.,I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.,32/38,时态语态 之 时态呼应及情态动词主被动,（一）,时态呼应,2.,主过从,过,（适合用于宾语从句）,过去某种时态，例外,-,表示永恒真理用普通现在时,He thought he was working for the people.,eg:,I hoped I would find a job soon.,The teacher said the sun rises in the east.,例题解析：,年江苏卷,30.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan,in the past two years.,A.had been carried out B.would be,carried out,C.is being carried out D.has been carried out,答案：,A,33/38,时态语态 之 时态呼应及情态动词主被动,（二）情态动词主被动语态,情态动词在,主动语态中后面应加动词主动时态原形，被动语态中应加上,be+v(p.p),。,eg:,We must f,i,nd ways to protect our environment.,The machine must be operated with care.,例题解析：,年天津卷,10.I cant find my purse.I,it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure.,A.should leave B.must have leave,C.might leave D.could have left,答案：,D,此处叙述过去发生动作，下文说,“,我不太确定,”,，所以表示不必定语气，应用,“,情,态动词,could/might/may+have done”,结构表可能（已经）。,34/38,高考语法串讲 之 时态语态,李老师,35/38,时态语态 之 高考真题练习,年全国,II,卷 改错,We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip.,答案：,chose,改为,choose,年,全国,I,卷 语篇填空,When fat and salt,(remove)from food,the food tastes as if it is missing something.,答案：,are removed,36/38,时态语态 之 高考真题练习,年浙江,6,月,卷 语篇填空,I still remember,visiting,(visit)a friend whod lived here for five years and I,(shock)when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.,答案：,was shocked,年,北京卷 单项选择,7.Chinas high-speed railways,from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.,A.are growing B.have grown C.will grow D.had grown,答案：,B,37/38,时态语态 之 高考真题练习,年,北京卷 单项选择,9.A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who,in the mountains for two days.,A.are trapping B.have been trapped C.were trapping D.had been trapped,答案：,D,年全国,I,卷 改错,I hardly remember my grandmother.She used to holding me on her knees and sing old songs.,答案：,holding,改为,hold,38/38,
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