选修7--unit5语法--定语从句市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,Revision of,Non-restrictive Attributive Clauses,Unit 5 Grammar,1/36,1.,定语从句：,修饰某一名词或代词从,句叫定语从句。定语从句普通紧跟在,它所修饰先行词之后。,2.,先行词：,被定语从句修饰词叫先行词。,3.,关系词：,引导定语从句词叫关系词。,Revision,2/36,关系词相关系代词和关系副词。,关系代词有,that,which,who,whom,whose,as,；关系副词有,when,where,why,。,关系词通常有以下三个作用：,A.引导定语从句,B.代替先行词,C.在定语从句中担当一个成份,3/36,限制性定语从句,(restrictive),非限制性定语从句,(non-restrictive）,定语,从句,The teacher told me that Tom was the only,person,that I could depend on,.老师告诉,我说汤姆是我唯一能够依靠人。,His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.,他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。,4/36,限制性定语从句:,所谓限制性定语从句就是先行词在意义,上不可缺乏定语,假如去掉,主句就失,去意义或意义不完整。这种从句和先行,词关系十分亲密,写时不用逗号和主,句分开。,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:,5/36,I was the only person in my office,who,was,invited.,我是我们办公室唯一被邀请人。,(,假如把从句部分去掉,整个句子含义就,变了。),6/36,非限制性定语从句:,非限制性定语从句和主句关系并不十,分亲密,只是对先行词做些附加说明,如,果去掉,主句意思依然清楚。这种从,句和主句之间往往用逗号隔开。在讲话,时须停顿，普通不用that引导。,7/36,1.His dog,which,was now very old,became ill and died.,他狗当初很老了,生病后就死了。,(,去掉从句,主句意义依然完整:他,狗生病死了。),2.Yesterday I met Li Lei,who,seemed to,be very busy.,昨天我碰上李雷了,他好象很忙。,(,去掉从句,意义依然完整:昨天我碰上,李雷了。),8/36,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,形式上,不用逗号“，”与主句隔开,用逗号“，”与主句隔开,意义上,是先行词不可缺乏定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表示不完整,只是对先行词补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表示完整意思。,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区分,9/36,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句区分,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,译法上,译成先行词定语：“”,通常译成主句并列句,关系词使用上,1.作宾语时可省略,1.不可省略,2.可用that,2.不用that,3.可用who 代替whom,3.不可用who 代替whom,10/36,A.This is the place,where I lived ten,years ago,.,B.She is going to spend the winter,holiday in Macao,which returned to,China in 1999,.,2.A.He is a man,who I can ask for help.,B.His father,who works in Beijing,came back yesterday.,限制性定语从句和先行词关系亲密，假如去掉从句，剩下部分意义不完整；非限制性定语从句只是先行词附加说明，假如去掉从句，意义依然完整。,11/36,All the magazines here,which have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.,里面有漂亮图画那些杂志是他写。,All the magazines here,which have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.,全部杂志都是他写,里面都有漂亮图画。,有时同一个限制性从句变为非限制性从句会改变全句意思。,（杂志有带图画和不带图画两类）,（杂志只有一个）,12/36,His father,who works in Beijing,came back yesterday.,当先行词是地名人名、世界上独一无二事物或家庭唯一组员时，通常只用非限制性定语从句。,Shanghai,which is in East China,is developing rapidly.,13/36,在,of which/whom,之前能够使用表示数量或定位数词或代词。,1.I am doing different types of exercises,all of which,are quite helpful to my health.,2.Many people,some of whom,are not overweight,are going on diets.,3.There are 54 students in my class,three of whom,come from the US.,14/36,The town where I live is beautiful.,Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,Teachers,who are kind,are popular with,the students.,Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with,the students,.,Please compare:,15/36,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.,Mr Wang,who is kind,is popular with the students,.,分析两种定语从句省略后结果,The town where I live is beautiful.,Kenli,where I live,is beautiful.,限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，所以不能省略。,16/36,非限制性定语从句和单句比较,1.He failed in the exam,.,_ made his,parents angry.,2.He failed in the exam,_made his,parents angry.,3.He has two sons,.,Both of _ are,teachers.,4.He has two sons,both of _ are,teachers.,This,which,whom,them,that,17/36,一、非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引,导。,1.I like the book,which was bought,yesterday,.,我喜欢这本书，这是昨天买。,2.I like the book,which/that was bought,yesterday,.,我喜欢昨天买那本书。,非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点：,18/36,二、非限制性定语从句不能用why引导,要用for which代替why。,1.I had told them the reason,for which I,didnt attend the meeting,.,我已经把理由告诉了他们，为此我没有,去开会。,2.I had told them the reason,why I didnt,attend the meeting,.,我告诉了他们我不去开会理由。,(限制性定语从句“the reason why.”是常见搭配。),19/36,三、非限制性定语从句置于句首时，不能用which引导。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，能够放主句前，也能够放主句后。,1.As I expected,he didnt believe me,.,正如我所预料，他不相信我。,2.She heard a terrible noise,which brought,her heart into her mouth,.,她听到一个可怕声音，这让她把心,都提到嗓子眼了。,20/36,四、非限制性定语从句由“介词+关系代词”引导时，其中关系代词不能用as。,1.He bought the car for more than$20,000,with,which his father was angry,.,他花两万多美元买了这辆车，他父亲对,此很生气。,2.I finished my work ahead of time,after,which I sat some time reading the,newspaper,.,我提前干完了我活，随即我坐着看了,会儿报纸。,21/36,五、在非限制性定语从句中，指人关系代词作宾语时，只能用宾格whom;不能用who替换，也不能省略。,1.Do you know Tom,whom we talked about,?你认识汤姆吗?我们谈到过他。,2.This book,which you can get at any bookshop,will give you all the information you need.,这本书会给你提供全部你需要资料，它在任何一家书店都能买到。,(非限制性定语从句中引导词在从句中作宾语，不论指人还是指物都不能省略。),22/36,六、Which可指前面整个句子。,The sun sends out light and heat,which,makes it possible for living things to exist,on the earth,.,太阳发出光和热，这使得生物能够在地球,上生存。,His father is an engineer,_ makes him,very proud.,A.for what B.which,C.that D.what,23/36,1.Yesterday Mr.Li finally bought his,own house,_ is a hospital.,A.in where B.to the east of which,C.to the east of it D.in the east of that,2.My brothers purse,_ he put,￥1,000,was missing on the bus.,A.there B.which,C.in which D.that,课堂练兵,24/36,3.His glasses,_ he could see,nothing,was taken away by a naughty,boy.,A.which B.without which,C.with which D.without those,4.The computer,_ he paid￥3,000,was once owned by his uncle.,A.which B.for which,C.that D.to that,25/36,5.In the past we lost many chances,_ we paid little attention.A.which B.that,C.in which D.to which,6.The pen,_ I had been writing for ten years,was broken.A.with which B.with that,C.as D.with it,26/36,7.Mary has two brothers,_ are,doctors.,A.both of they B.both of whom,C.both of them D.whom of both,8.On the way home I met my friend,John,from _ home the thief,had stolen a computer.,A.whom B.which,C.that D.whose,27/36,9.Paul,_ everyone suspected,turned out to be innocent.,A.that B.when,C.which D.whom,10.When deeply absorbed in work,_ he often was,he would,forget all about eating or sleeping.,A.what B.as,C.that D.who,28/36,11.She showed her teacher a reason,_ she was late for school the,day before yesterday.,A.that B.which,C.for which D.why,12.The 10:00 train,_ is usually,very punctual,was late this morning.,A.as B.when,C.that D.which,29/36,1.I walked in our garden,_,Tom and Jim were tying a big sign,onto one of the trees.(,辽宁卷,),A.which B.when,C.where D.that,实战高考,30/36,2.The Beatles,_ many of you,are old enough to remember,came,from Liverpool.(天津,卷,),A.what B.that,C.how D.as,3.She was educated at Beijing,University,_ she went on to have,her advanced study abroad.,(陕西,卷,),A.after which B.from which,C.from that D.after that,31/36,4.Last week,only two people came to look at the house，_ wanted,to buy it.(安徽,卷,),A.none of them B.both of them,C.none of whom D.neither of whom,5.,It is reported that two schools,_,are being built in my hometown,will,open next year.(四川,卷,),A.they both B.which both,C.both of them D.both of which,32/36,6.The growing speed of a plant is,influenced by a number of factors,_ are beyond our control.,(,湖南卷),A.most of them B.most of which,C.most of what D.most of that,7.They will fly to Washington,_,they plan to stay for two or three,days.(重庆卷),A.where B.there,C.which D.when,33/36,8.Many children,_ parents are away,working in big cities,are taken good,care of in the village,(安徽卷),A.their B.whose,C.of them D.with whom,9.Whenever I met her,_ was,fairly often,she greeted me with a,sweet smile.(山东卷),A.who B.which,C.when D.that,34/36,10.As a child,Jack studied in a village,school,_ is named after his,grandfather.(,全国I),A.which B.Where,C.What D.that,11.The settlement is home to nearly 1,000,people,many of _ left their village,homes for a better life in the city.,(浙江卷),A.whom B.which,C.them D.those,35/36,Thank you.,36/36,