牛津专版八年级下册-Unit-1-至-Unit-8-词汇---语法知识点梳理.pdf

牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理1/20牛津牛津专专版版八年八年级级下册下册 Unit 1 至至 Unit 8 词汇词汇+语语法知法知识识点梳理点梳理 八年级下册 Units 1-2 中考高频词汇将下列词组或短语英汉互译。1.get married _2.used to _3.from time to time _4.such as _5.把变成 _6.在某种程度上；在某些方面 _7.一生 _8.保持联系 _9.the capital of._10.a couple of _11.at high speed _12.on the way _13.在的末尾 _14.出差 _15.习惯于；适应于 _16.顺便问一下 _八年级下册 Units 1-2 中考核心句子将下列句子翻译成英语。1.他过去经常去河里游泳。牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理2/20_ 2.我已经习惯了在这里生活。_ 3.我哥哥不在家，他去图书馆了。_ 4.他们离开上海一年了。_ 5.我保证你会喜欢我的礼物的。_八年级下册 Units 1-2 中考核心语法考考点点一一：现现在在完完成成时时的的基基本本用用法法现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作。它的结构是“主语 +have/has+动词过去分词+其他”。常和 already、ever、just、never、recently、yet 等副词以及 since 和 for 引导的时间状语连用。考考点点二二：动动词词的的过过去去分分词词的的变变化化规规律律大多数动词的过去分词变化形式与动词的过去式相同。以下是一些不规则动词的过去分词变化：dodiddonegowentgoneseesawseencomecamecome牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理3/20givegavegivenhurthurthurtrunranrunsingsangsung 等。考考点点三三：have/has been to 与与 have/has gone to 的的区区别别have/has been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，言外之意是现在已经回来了。例如：I have been to Beijing twice before.我去过北京两次。(只是去过，现在不在那儿。)而 have/has gone to 意为“去了某地”（现在还在某地，没回来）。例如：My father has gone to Nanjing.我爸爸去南京了。考考点点四四：现现在在完完成成时时中中 for 和和 since 的的用用法法1.for 后面接的时间是 some time 即“一段时间 ”。例如 ：She has been a teacher for ten years.她成为一名教师已经有十年了。2.since 后面接的时间为 a time point 即“一个时间点”。通常有以下两种表达方式：1）since+some time ago。例如:They have lived here since four years ago.他们自从四年前就住在这里。2）since+一般过去时的句子。例如：They have lived here since they came in 1985.他们自从 1985 年来这儿就住在这里。注意：在现在完成时中无论是 for+some time 还是 since+a time point，都要与延续性动词连用（否定句除外）。八年级下册 Units 1-2 中考考点练习牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理4/20I.根据句意及首字母提示写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.They poured dirty water into the river and caused serious water p_.2.Look!The car is running at very high s_.3.Everyone was at the school e_ Diana,because she was ill in hospital.4.Mr Black will be back in a c_ of weeks.II.根据句意及汉语提示写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.Many _(工厂)have been moved out of the cities since last year.2.I have to get up early because I have an important _(采访).3.Everyone should do something useful for our _(环境).4.David Brown went _(国外)at the age of fifteen.5.I have known Steven since we were in the _(初级的)school.III.用所给动词的适当形式填空，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1._ Tom _(finish)his homework yet?Yes,he _(do)it two hours ago.2.Lets go and see Hero.No,I _(see)it twice.Lets do something else.3._ Lydia _(be)to Paris?No,she hasnt.4.How long _ you _(study)English?Since five years ago.5.We have to wait for another five minutes because the train _(not arrive)yet.IV.选择 have/has been to 或 have/has gone to 填空，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1.Lets go to the museum this afternoon.The museum again?Oh,no!I _ the museum many times.2.Is your dad at home,Nancy?No,he _ the supermarket with my mum.Can I take a message?3.Diana _ Beijing twice,but she still wants to go there a third time.4.If we have the party tonight,Jack wont come.He _ Shanghai for an important meeting.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理5/20V.选择 for 或 since 填空，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1.Mr Green has been a teacher _ five years.2.Nick has kept the book _ three weeks ago.3.I saw my friend Jim two months ago,but I havent seen him _ then.4.My sister has taught English at this school _ ten years.5.How long has she kept this camera?_ three days ago.VI.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词，缩写算一词。1.我们不能像以前那样经常见到彼此了。We cant see each other _ _ _ _.2.琳达已经习惯这个学校的生活了。Linda _ _ _ _ the life in this school.3.最近我的家乡发生了很大的变化。Great changes _ _ _ in my hometown recently.4.孩子们太兴奋了以至于他们不能停止交谈。The children were so excited that they _ _ _.5.你认为音乐会最精彩的部分是什么？What do you think _ _ _ _ of the concert?八年级下册 Units 3-4 中考高频词汇将下列词组或短语英汉互译。1.in the center of _2.so much for sth _3.at the bottom of._牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理6/204.search for _5.梦想；想象 _6.摔倒 _7.每次；依次 _8.由组成 _9.open up _10.and so on _11.my pleasure _12.hand in _13.准时 _14.到目前为止 _15.筋疲力尽 _八年级下册 Units 3-4 中考核心句子将下列句子翻译成英语。1.你介意带我参观你的新家吗？_ 2.我经常用我的手机玩游戏。_ 3.你曾听说过那个演员吗？_ 4.你想怎么处理这些大盒子？_ 5.他设法在天黑之前到达了那个村子。牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理7/20_ 6.我不知道什么时候去美国。_八年级下册 Units 3-4 中考核心语法考考点点一一：一一般般过过去去时时和和现现在在完完成成时时1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态，说话的侧重点在陈述过去发生的事情或状态。例如：I saw that film last week.我上周看了那部电影。2.现在完成时表示到说话时为止已经发生或完成（不一定结束）的动作或状态，强调造成的结果或对现在产生的影响。例如：I have seen that film twice.我已经看了两遍那部电影了。（我已经知道那部电影的内容了。）考考点点二二：疑疑问问词词 +动动词词不不定定式式该结构由两部分构成：疑问词和动词不定式。疑问词包括疑问代词 who,whom,what,which 等以及疑问副词 when,where 和 how 等。功能：1.作主语。例如：Where to look for him is a problem.问题是到哪儿去找他。牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理8/202.作宾语。（1）作动词的宾语。例如：I cant decide when to start.我不能决定何时动身。（2）作介词的宾语。例如：I am thinking about how to deal with the problem.我正在考虑怎样处理这个问题。3.作宾语补足语。例如：He taught me how to pronounce it.他教我如何发音。4.作表语。例如：The main problem is how to get there.最主要的问题是如何到那儿。考考点点三三：must 与与 have to1.must 表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句中，意为“必须；得；要”；由 must 引导的疑问句，肯定回答要用 must 或 have to，否定回答要用 neednt 或 dont have to,意为“不必”；must 的否定形式 mustnt，表示禁止，意为“不能；不许”。2.have to 表示一种客观的需要，意为“不得不”。have to 的否定形式是 dont have to,相当于 neednt。例如：I have to finish my homework first today.今天我不得不先完成作业。八年级下册 Units 3-4 中考考点练习牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理9/20I.根据句意及首字母提示写单词，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1.Have you heard from Jenny?Yes,I r_ her letter yesterday.2.If you come to Beijing,I can be your g_ and show you around.3.Have you invited Sam to come?Yes,but he r_.4.At last,they m_ to finish the work on time.5.Its a good h_ to get up early in the morning.II.根据句意及汉语提示写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.Shanghai is one of the biggest _(国际的)cities in the world.2.Im thankful to Mary from the _(底部)of my heart.3.You cant go abroad without a _(护照).4.Some _(加拿大人)are visiting the Great Wall of China.5.I had many wonderful _(经历)during my stay in Qingdao last summer.III.用所给词的适当形式填空，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1._ you _(write)to Diana yet?Yes,I _(write)the letter last night.2.Cynthia _(not see)Bob since she _(move)to New York.3.Where is Sarah?She _(go)to the supermarket.4.Look at my new bike.I _(buy)it three days ago.Wow,its so great.You _(have)it for three days.5.Do you want some more apples,Nick？No more,thanks.I _ already _(have)enough apples.IV.用合适的疑问词填空，完成下列对话。1.I dont know _ to ask for help.You can ask Mary for help.Shes always ready to help others.2.I have no idea _ to have the next English exam.It will be on next Friday.3.I havent decided _ to go for the summer vacation.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理10/20 What about Beijing?Therere many places of interest in the city.4.I dont know _ to use this machine.Dont worry.Please read the instructions carefully.5.Did you teach your sister to speak English?No,I didnt.She taught herself _ to speak English.V.用 must，have to 的适当形式填空，必要时用否定。1.You _ go to school today because its Saturday.2._ I hand in my homework today?No,you neednt.You can hand it in tomorrow.3.I left my keys at home,so I _ wait outside until my mum came back.4.Its dangerous to cross the street now.You _ wait till the lights turn green.5.You _ shout loudly in our teaching building.Its against our school rules.VI.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1.这个影星已经出名许多年了。This film star _ _ _ _ many years.2.你愿意进行网上旅行吗？Would you like _ _ _ _ _?3.我们学校的足球队由十一个女孩和十三个男孩组成。Our school football team _ _ _ _ 11 girls and 13 boys.4.你们国家的天气正好跟中国相反。The weather in your country is _ _ _ China.5.好书为孩子们打开了一个全新的世界。Good books _ _ _ _ _ _ to the children.6.她将把这本书翻译成多种语言。She will _ this book _ many languages.7.警察们正在山里搜寻这个失踪的孩子。The policemen are _ _ the lost child in the mountains.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理11/20八年级下册 Units 5-6 中考高频词汇将下列词组或短语英汉互译。1.首要的是 _2.打断（谈话）；插嘴 _ 3.公开地 _4.shake ones hand _5.by accident _6.soon after _7.挡住某人的路 _8.分享 _9.也；还有 _10.achieve ones dream _11.give a helping hand _12.be similar to _13.放弃 _14.确保 _15.给某人让座 _16.have trouble doing sth _八年级下册 Units 5-6 中考核心句子牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理12/20将下列句子翻译成英语。1.你已经足够大了，可以自己去上学了。_ 2.尝试新事物，再大的年龄都不算老。_ 3.为残疾人做一些事情是有意义的。_ 4.在山区学校当一名志愿者实在太棒了。_ 5.你利用空闲时间帮我学习英语真是太好了。_八年级下册 Units 5-6 中考核心语法考考点点一一：enough to我们可以用“be+adj.+enough+to do sth”结构来描述一个人的品质和能力。意为“足够 去做某事”；其中 enough 是副词，修饰前面的形容词。例如：The boy is funny enough to make all people laugh.考考点点二二：too.to我们可以用“be+too+adj.+to do sth”这个结构来表达一个否定的结果，意为“太而不能做某事”；根据需要，我们可在动词不定式前加 for sb。牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理13/20例如：The coat is too big for the girl to wear.注意：“be+too+adj.+to do sth”相当于“be+not+adj.+enough+to do sth”，但这两种结构的形容词是互为反义的。例如：He is too young to look after himself.=He is not old enough to look after himself.考考点点三三：It is+形形容容词词（+for sb）+to do sth.此结构意为“（对某人来说）做某事是的”。it 是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，该句型中的形容词表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况，如 easy，difficult，important 等，例如：Its easy to learn to dance.如要强调不定式动作的执行者，就在不定式前面加 for sb,例如：Its necessary for us to study hard.考考点点四四：It is+形形容容词词+of sb+to do sth.此结构意为“某人做某事真是 /太了”。句中一般使用像 kind,nice,clever,polite,careless,foolish,wrong,silly 等这样的形容词，形容词描述的是人的特征、品质等，例如：Its kind of you to give me a lift.八年级下册 Units 5-6 中考考点练习I.根据句意及首字母提示写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.You can start a little earlier in order to a_ the heavy traffic tomorrow.2.Make a wish before you blow out all the c_ on the cake.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理14/203.Tom often helps b_ people cross the street.4.Its a good c_ to go to the English Corner and practice your English.5.Linda felt sad because she didnt win a p_ in the speaking competition.II.用所给词的适当形式填空，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1.Should we take our umbrella today?Of course.Its very necessary _(take)the umbrella with us because its cloudy.2.Youre _(expect)to come here early tomorrow morning.OK.I will.3.Linda has trouble _(talk)with people clearly in English.4.She is writing a letter _(get)her friends help.5.How do you like your life as a volunteer?Great!Its interesting _(work)as a volunteer.III.选择介词 of 或 for 填空，使句子或对话完整、通顺。1.Lets ask Steven for help.Its silly _ you to do so.Steven never helps others.2.Its necessary _ us to get up early tomorrow,because we have to catch the early train.3.Wow,Nina.Your bike is so cool!Thank you.Its kind _ you to say so.4.Please finish your work by four oclock this afternoon.Are you kidding?Its impossible _ me to finish it today.IV.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词，缩写算一词。1.我们必须在公共场合低声说话。We must _ _ _ _ in public.2.作为志愿者去工作是有意义的。_ _ _ _ _ a volunteer.3.我表弟的年龄足够大，可以帮助他的父母做一些家务活。My cousin is _ _ to help his parents with some housework.4.这个故事足够有趣让这个孩子开心。The story is _ _ to make the child happy.5.我太晚了，没有赶上公共汽车。I was _ _ _ _ the bus.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理15/206.这个小男孩太矮了，他够不到那个苹果。The boy is _ _ _ _ the apple.V.阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。Good manners are very important in everyday life.Everyone likes a person with good manners.But what(1)_(be)good manners?Here are some common(2)_(example).A person with good manners never(3)_(laugh)at people who are in trouble.Instead,he always tries(4)_(offer)help to the people.When he takes a bus,he always gives his seat to the old people.He doesnt interrupt(打断)other people when they are(5)_(talk).He does not spit(吐痰)in public places.Good manners are important in all countries,but ways of(6)_(express)good manners are different from one country to another.What are(7)_(see)as good manners in one country may be not good in another.Differences in cultures should be(8)_(consider).But it is polite to smile and say“Thank you!”in almost every country.Sometimes we get lazy,and we dont say“Thank you!”when other people help us.We think that something like a simple“Thank you!”doesnt really matter.But in fact it can matter much.No matter how nice our clothes are,how lovely our homes are,we cant be(9)_(real)beautiful without good manners.A simple“Thank you！”can make a big(10)_(different).八年级下册 Units 7-8 中考高频词汇将下列词组或短语英汉互译。1.去看病 _2.在飞机（船；火车）上 _3.继续开展；继续下去 _4.分发；提出 _牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理16/205.set up _6.make up ones mind _7.turn off _8.cut down _9.依靠；取决于 _10.用完；耗尽 _ 11.（对）有影响；起作用 _12.在正确位置 _八年级下册 Units 7-8 中考核心句子将下列句子翻译成英语。1.很多穷人难以支付去医院的费用。_ 2.我感到很自豪能帮助那些有需要的人。_ 3.如果你过度砍伐树木，你会被罚款的。_ 4.对于我们来说，保护自然资源很重要。_ 5.这些种类的新能源花费很少的钱，并且污染少。_八年级下册 Units 7-8 中考核心语法牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理17/20考考点点一一：被被动动语语态态的的基基本本结结构构被动语态的一般现在时和一般过去时是由“主语 +be及物动词的过去分词”构成。其中 be 有人称和数及时态的变化。一般现在时 中，be 为 am,is 或 are，一般过去时中，be 为 was 或 were。考考点点二二：主主动动语语态态变变被被动动语语态态的的基基本本方方法法主动语态变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将谓语变为 be+过去分词，将主语变为 by 短语（在被动句中用作状语）。例如：John planted the tree.The treewas planted by John.注意：1.有些动词，其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如 smell,taste,sound 等。例 如：The food smells delicious.2.还有一些不及物动词，常用主动语态和 well,easily 等连用，含有被动意义。如 sell,write,wash 等。例如：This coat washes easily.3.在主动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式常省略 to，但是在被动语态中要加上 to。例如：My mum made me wash the dishes.I was made to wash the dishes by my mum.考考点点三三：被被动动语语态态的的一一般般将将来来时时被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作，它由“will be 或 am/is/are going to be 及物动词的过去分词”构成。主语为第一人称时，被动语态的一般将来时也可以用“shall be+及物动词的过去分词”来表达。例如：The meeting is going to be held tomorrow.Ishall be given more money to finish the project.被动语态的一般将来时的否定句在 will,shall 或 be 后加 not，will/shall not 可缩写为 wont 或 shant。牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理18/20例如：The work wont be finished this month.改为一般疑问句时，将 will，shall 或 be 提前。例如：Is a new park going to be built in your hometown?八年级下册 Units 7-8 中考考点练习I.根据句意及首字母提示写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.Mr Smith felt very p_ when he knew his daughter won first prize in the competition.2.The children should learn some b_ life skills at home.3.We must take action to prevent the s_ of this disease.4.There is nothing in the box.Its e_.5.If you break the school rules,youll be p_.II.根据句意及汉语提示写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1.Maria worked as a _(秘书)in that company five years ago.2.Mr White fought for the _(权力)of the workers in the 1950s.3.The two boys are very close friends.Nothing can _(分开)them.4.Before you begin the task,youd better make a _(调查).III.用所给词的适当形式填空，使句子完整、通顺。1.Let me tell you something about a charity _(call)UNICEF.2.The book _(write)by him in 1989.3.This book cant _(take)out of the library.4.More trees _(plant)in this city last year.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理19/20IV.单项选择。()1.You _ 100 yuan if you park your car here.A.will fineB.were fined C.have finedD.will be fined()2.The sports meeting _ next month.A.will holdB.is going to hold C.will be heldD.is held()3.A new hospital _ in my hometown next year.A.buildsB.built C.is builtD.will be built()4.Which sport will you take part in at the school sports meeting?I havent decided yet.I think it _ after I discuss it with my PE teacher.A.will be decidedB.will decide C.decidesD.is decidedV.根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。1.她对于帮助贫困儿童重返学校感到自豪。She _ _ _ help the poor children go back to school.2.我们通过坐公交减少污染。We _ _ _ by taking the bus.3.她一旦决定做什么事情，没有什么能改变她的想法。Once she has _ _ _ _ to do something,nothing can change her mind.4.这个组织为保护环境而工作。The organization _ _ _ the environment.牛津专版八年级下册 Unit 1 至 Unit 8 词汇 语法知识点梳理20/205.过多的依赖别人是不好的。Its not good to _ _ others too much.VI.根据短文内容和所给中文提示，在空白处写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。Donating things to charities is very necessary and important.There are many charity shops in the world.They are(1)_(创建)up by many kind-hearted persons and other charities.Sometimes all the money goes to help(2)_(治愈)a particular disease such as cancer.Some other charities use their money to help(3)_(无家可归)people.You can find many things in the charity shops.For example,you can find clothes,food and books there.These second-hand items are(4)_(送给)to the shops by people who dont need them any more.The charity shops then sell these it