高三各类从句评析.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Adverbial Clauses,1,、定义：状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修,饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等。,2,、状语从句可以在句首，也可在句中或句末。,3,、种类：状语从句按其用途可九种。,一、,时间状语从句,二、,原因状语从句,三、,条件状语从句,四、,让步状语从句,五、,比较状语从句,六、,目的状语从句,七、,结果状语从句,八、,地点状语从句,九、,方式状语从句,时间状语从句中，其谓语动词的,时态,通常用,一般现在,时替代,将来,时。“,主将从现”,I will visit you when you come back.,时间状语从句中要注意的一些,从属连词,的用法：,when,while,as,until,till,before,since,as soon as,after,部分表示时间的,名词,也可作从属,连词,引导时间状语从句。,the minute,the moment,the instant,the day,the week,the year,the first time,any time,next time,every time,each time,by the time,及少数,副词,也可作连词,immediately,instantly,directly,He called on me,the day,he arrived.,He fell in love with her,the first time,he saw her.,I.When,（“当,时候”）,1),既可指某一,瞬间,，又可指,某段,时间，,When he,came,in,the teacher was speaking.,When I,lived,there,I used to get up early.,2)when=at that time(,就在那时,),be about to do when,be on the point of doing when,had done,sth,when,was/were doing,sth,when,Wehadjustfallenasleepwhenthetelephonerang.,Hewasstillsmilingwhenthedooropenedandhiswife,camein.,3,）,when doing/done,B,e careful,when crossing,the street.,When asked by the police,she looked very nervous.,as,指一个动作过程，常和主句动作同时发生，并且都是持续发生,1.,当,时候,As/While/When,they were picking tea,the girls were singing happily.,2.,一边,.,一边,She sang,as,she worked.,3.,随着,As the day went on,the weather got worse.,III.While,1.,表示“在,一段时间里”通常只能与,延续性,动词连用,While,he was walking in the street,he met Tim.,Strikewhiletheiron,is,hot.,2.,while doing,3.while,还可表示“虽然”，“而”,I was busy working _ he was sleeping.,_ I like the color of the hat,I do not like its shape,.,-Im going to the post office.-_youre there,can you get me some stamps?A.As B.While C.Because D.IfIt was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,_for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.,A.that B.while C.which D.when,B,D,until/till,1.,主句为,肯定,形式时，主句中的动词所表示的动作是,持续性,的,He,waited,until/till the rain stopped.,They,worked,till/until it was dark.,2.,当主句为否定形式时，主句的动词通常为瞬间动词“直到,才”,He will not go to bed until/till his mother comes.,3.,注意,not until,置于,句首,，主句中的主谓要,部分倒装,Not until I shouted at the top of my voice,did Tom turn,his head.,4.,在使用“,It is(,或,was)that”,这类强调结构时，如果要强调,until,状语部分，,not,需要提前，构成,It is(was)not untilthat,It was not until the old worker came in that we began the experiment.,5.,在,句首,多用,until,，,而较少使用,till,。,Until he was sixteen he had never been away from his native village.,1.before,常被翻译为“还没来得及做某事”,The day began to break,before,we got to the village.,The bus had left,before,we got to the bus stop.,2.It,will be,+a period of time(,一段时间,)+before,“,过一段时间某事才会发生”,It will not be long before we know the result of the experiment.,It,was,+a period of time(,一段时间,)+before,“,过,了一段时间某事就发生了”,It was three days before he finished this task.,before,since (,自从,.,到现在，自从,以来,),1.since,引导的从句用一般用过去时，主句用,现在完成时。,I have worked here,since,I graduated from the university.,2.,it,is/has been,+,一段时间,+since+,瞬间,动词 翻译为,“,自从某事,开始,已经有,时间了,”,。,It is five years since he left.,it,is/has been,+,一段时间,+since+,延续性,动词 翻译为,“,自从某事结束已经有,时间了,”,It is eight years since he,died,.,It has been two years since I taught English,.,It is three years since he was a,doctor.,as soon as,(一.就),I will call you as soon as I get there.,Give Lucy the message as soon as you see her.,the minute,the moment,the instant,the second,The moment I get there,I will call you.,immediately,instantly,directly,Theyoungladyrushedintotheroomimmediately,sheheardthenoise.,No sooner than,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,从句常用一般过去时，主句用,过去完成,时,She,had,no sooner sat down than the bus started.,Hardly,had,they started to work when it began to rain.,after,They went home after they had gone to the store.,after doing,sth,after being done,After,being,heated,the iron will expand.,by the time,(,到,.,末为止）,By the time he arrived,the train,had,already gone.,By the time you grow up,you,will have,understood your parents.,It was not long _he got to know it.,A.when B.before,C.after D.until,They have been good friends _they entered middle school.,A.because B.before,C.since D.after,_ he came to Beijing on business,he would call on me.,A.By the time B.Each time,C.While D.Before,B,C,B,It is five days _I received your letter.,A.when B.until,C.since D.till,The children dont go to school _ they are seven.,A.after B.before,C.when D.till,C,D,原因状语从句,引导原因状语从句的,从属连词,有,because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that)(,既然,),in that,（,在于），,given(that),considering(that),Seeing that,it is twelve oclock,we wont wait for Mary any longer.,Now,(that)you mention it,I do remember it.,Considering,(that)you are old,we decide to let you retire.,1.,for,是不是从属连词,?,Because he was ill,he didnt go to school.,He must be ill,for,he isnt at school today.,for,是,并列,连词,连接并列的两个句子，而不是主从句。,2.because,、,since,、,as,、,for,用法区别,Because,位置,句首或句末,都可，语气最,强,Since,语气比,because,弱，且其引导的从句多放在,句首，,通常双方都明确的原因，,since,一般译为“既然”,as,和,since,引导原因状语从句，其含义差别不大，只是,since,比,as,更正式。,as,表示原因的语气,最弱,for,常用作,并列,连词。它引导的句子只是对其前的内容加以,解释,或表示由产生的结果来,推断,造成这种结果的理由，而不表示直接因果关系。,For,只能放在,句末,。,如果,for,表示原因，可与,because,替换使用，只能放在句末。,Lets put off the meeting till tomorrow,since,so many people are absent.,As,it is raining,youd better take a taxi.,The ground is wet,for/because,it rained last night.,It must have rained last night,for,the ground is wet this morning.,由于昨天下雨了，所以地湿了。,昨天肯定下雨了，因为地是湿的。,3.,只能用,because,回答,why,提问,Why cant you do it nowBecause Im too busy.,强调句,中,it is/was,because,that,It was because he is ill that he is absent today.,引导,表语,从句,有,adv,修饰,，,not,but,only,simply,just,等,He lost him temper,simply,because she forgot to post the letter.,注意：,not thatbut that=not becausebut because,Not that,I dont like the film,but that,I have no time for it.,4.because,不,与,so,连用,5.because&because of,He didnt go to school because of his illness.,because of,owing to,due to,as a result of,thanks to,I love you not _ who you are,but _ who I am when I am with you A.forfor B.becausebecause,C.because of because of D.asas,given,sth,/that,Considering,sth,/that,考虑到，鉴于,Given her interest in children/Given that she is interested in children,Im sure teaching is the right career for her.,Considering his age and his experience,he has done well.,_everybody knows about it,I dont want to talk,any more.,A.For B.Even C.Since D.However,C,条件状语从句,从属连词,if,unless,as/so long as,only if,providing(that),provided(that),supposing(that),suppose(that),on condition that,in case,Provided that,there is no opposition,we shall hold the meeting here.,You will certainly succeed,so long as,you keep on trying.,主将从现,Well start our project if the president agrees.,1.unless,与,if,用法区别。,Ill be quite glad if she doesnt come this evening.,If she werent so silly,she would understand.,I may have free time this afternoon.If not,you neednt come and see me.,unless=,ifnot,除非,否则的话,Our sports meeting will be held as scheduled unless it rains.=if it doesnt rain.,ifnot=unless,?,Work harder,and you will succeed.,Work harder,or you wont succeed,Working harder,you will succeed.,3.the more the more,The more books you read,the cleverer you will be.,2.If you work hard,you will succeed.,Only if we study hard,can we,succeed in the college entrance examinations.,If only we didnt have so many examines!,If only I hadnt made so many mistakes!,4.only if&if only,Only if=if,引导条件状语从句,if only=How I wish.,引导的句子用虚拟语气，,表示难以实现的愿望,Look at the situation Im in!If only I _ your advice.A.follow B.had followed C.would follow D.have followed,The WTO cannot live up to its name_it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.,A.as long as B.while C.if D.even though,B,C,You will succeed in the end_you give up halfway.,A.even if B.as though C.as long as D.unless,D,让步状语从句,although,though,even if,even though,as,while,whetheror(not),whatever,wherever,however,whenever,whichever,h,whoever,whomever,for all(that),in spite of the fact that,despite the fact that,Even though(even if)you say so,I dont,believe it.,1.,不能与,but,连用,Although/Though,he is old,he works hard.,He is old,but,he works hard.,2.though,倒装,Poor though I am,I can afford beer.,3,.,形容词,+as+,主语,+,谓语,Poor as he is,he is not mean.,副词,+as+,主语,+,谓语,Much as he likes physics,he likes English better.,动词,+as+,主语,+,助动词,Try as you may,you will never succeed.,名词,+as+,主语,+,谓语,Woman as I am,I may be of help in time of need.,Child as he is,he knows a lot.,4.ever,Whenever(No matter when)you come to,our country,you will be warmly welcomed.,Wherever(No matter where)he goes,he always brings two bodyguards with him.,whatever&however,5.Whetheror(not),不管,Whether it rains or not,I shall go out for an outing tomorrow.,6.while(,突出主从句的对比,),He is experienced while he is young.,7.for all that,in spite of the fact that,despite,the,fact that,For all that you say,he will not change his mind.,8.In spite of,despite,Well have to finish the job,_.,long it makes however B.it takes however long,C.long however it takes D.however long it takes,D,比较状语从句,与,一样,asas,，,no+,比较级,+than,与,不同,not as(so)as,more/-,er,than,lessthan,He doesnt work so hard as you do.,There is as much,ink,in bottle A as in bottle B.,He is,no cleverer than,his sister.,3.,The more.the more.,4.,any&any other,China is larger than _ country in Asia.,China is larger than_country in Africa.,It is generally believed that teaching is_it is a science.A.an art much as B.much an art as C.as an art much as D.as much an art as,D,目的状语从句,(,从句中通常有,情态动词,can,may,could,might,),so that/in order that/,that,They set out early so that(in order that)they,might arrive there in time.,位置,so that,通常放,句后,。,in order that,既,可以放句,首,，也可放句,后,2.,主从句中,主语一致,时,in order that,so that,可与,in order to,so as to,替换,We,all got up early in order that,we,might start at seven.,He,explained it again and again in order that,everyone,could understand.,=We all got up early in order to start at seven.,lest,for fear that,in case,以防，以免,lest that(should),for fear that should/may/,一般现在,/,过去,in case,for fear of,in case of,John may phone tonight.I dont want to go out_ he phones.A.as long as B.in order that C.in case D.so that,C,结果状语从句,sothat,suchthat,His report was so instructive that we were all,deeply moved.,such+a/an+,adj,+n+that,such+,adj,+n.(pl.)+that,such+,adj,+n(u.c)+that,2.so+adj.+a/an+n.+that clause,so+many/few+n.(pl.)+that clause,so+much/little+n(u.c)+that clause,It is,so good a story,that Ill never forget it.,It is,such a good story,that Ill never forget it.,so that,He trained hard,so that he was able to play in the match.,如何判别,so that,引导的是目的还是解结果状语从句？,逗号,can,could,may,might,具体理解,注意,:,The fire,was so big that,it,burnt the house to the ground.,The fire was _ burn the house to the ground.,The fire was _ it burnt the house to the ground.,A.such as to B.so as to,C.such that D.so that,C,A,地点状语从句,where,You may find him where his parents live.,Where there is,a will,there is,a way.,Wherever you go,I will go with you.,You should make it a rule to leave things_you,can find them again.,A.when B.where C.than D.there,B,方式状语从句,as,just asso,如,，正如,You must try to do,as,I told you.,Just as,water is the most important of liquids,so,air is the most important of gases.,区别,as&like,In New York,_ in some other cities,environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious.,as if/as though,似乎，好象,与事实相反，用虚拟,He behaved as if he,hadnt,do it.,2.,与事实相符，不用虚拟,It looks as if,it is going to,rain.,3.as if/as though,的省略形式,as if,to do,/,doing,/,prep,phr,.,/,adj.,She stood at the door as if,waiting,for someone.,He opened his mouth as if,to say,something.,He hurriedly left the room as if,angry,.,特殊结构,A is to B what C is to D,Air is to man what water is to fish.,the way+,句子,I dont like the way you talk.,That is the way she did it.,