高级英语1-Unit4-Oxford-教案.ppt

Unit 4 Oxford新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）高级英语新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）高级英语1 1电子教案电子教案Contents3Detailed Reading24516Warm UpGlobal Reading Consolidation Activities Further EnhancementText AppreciationSection 1:Warm Up Look at the two pictures,and answer the following questions.1.How will you describe the town in the pictures?2.Do you like the town?Why or why not?Lead-inBackground Information Section 1:Warm UpExpressions you might use for describing the pictures:Splendid,poetical,graceful,mysterious,picturesque,peaceful,stately,grave,dignity,charm,solemn,quaint,paradise,classical,Gothic,dreamlandLead-inBackground Information Section 1:Warm Up About the Author Arthur Christopher Benson(1862-1925)was an English essayist,poet and author,and the 28th Master of Magdalene College,Cambridge.His poems and volumes of essays,such as From a College Window,and The Upton Letters(essays in the form of letters)were famous in his day;and he left one of the longest diaries ever written,some four million words.1862-1925 Background Information Lead-inSection 1:Warm Up Today,he is best remembered as the author of the words to one of Britains best-loved patriotic songs,“Land of Hope and Glory”,and as a brother to novelists E.F.Benson and Robert Hugh Benson,and to Egyptologist Margaret Benson.Background Information Lead-inSection 1:Warm Up About Oxford Oxford is a city in central southern England,and home of the University of Oxford.The city is the county town of Oxfordshire,and has a population of just under 165,000.Oxford has a diverse economic base.Its industries include motor manufacturing,education,publishing and a large number of information technology and science-based businesses.Background Information Lead-inSection 1:Warm Up Buildings in Oxford demonstrate an example of every English architectural period since the arrival of the Saxons,including the iconic,mid-18th century Radcliffe Camera.Oxford is known as the“city of dreaming spires”,a term coined by poet Matthew Arnold in reference to the harmonious architecture of Oxfords university buildings.The University of Oxford is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.Background Information Lead-inSection 2:Global Reading What is the text mainly about?Structural Analysis Main Idea In this highly emotional yet well-elaborated essay,the author expresses his enthusiastic praises of Oxford,first about the beauty of the buildings in Oxford,then about the beauty of its inner spirit.Section 2:Global ReadingPlease divide the text into 3 parts and summarize themain idea of each part.Structural Analysis Main IdeaPart I(Paragraph 1)Introduction In Paragraph 1,the author first states that praiseworthy things need not be praised,but abruptly discloses his purpose of writing this article,i.e.to praise Oxford;thus emphasizing the beauty of this city.Structural Analysis Main IdeaPart III(Paragraphs 6-7)The Pure Spirit of Oxford Paragraphs 6-7 illustrate the spirit of Oxford as enabling people to live a life both of simplicity and dignity,making the life full of hope,sensation and emotion,and holding out a hope of affecting the intellectual and spiritual life of the world.Part II(Paragraphs 2-5)The Beauty of and the Authors Feelings about the Buildings in Oxford Paragraphs 2-5 are about the authors feelings towards the buildings of Oxford.He praises the beauty of the oldness and the shabby appearance of Oxford buildings,relates the feeling caused by the blackness of the buildings,and discusses the spirit reflected by the buildings of Oxford.Section 2:Global ReadingSection 3:Detailed Reading1 There are certain things in the world that are so praiseworthy that it seems a needless,indeed an almost laughable thing to praise them;such things are love and friendship,food and sleep,spring and summer;such things,too,are the wisest books,the greatest pictures,the noblest cities.But for all that I mean to try and make a little hymn in prose in honour of Oxford,a city I have seen but seldom,and which yet appears to me one of the most beautiful things in the world.OxfordQUESTIONSection 3:Detailed Reading2 I do not wish to single out particular buildings,but to praise the whole effect of the place,such as it seemed to me on a day of bright sun and cool air,when I wandered hour after hour among the streets,bewildered and almost intoxicated with beauty,feeling as a poor man might who has pinched all his life,and made the most of single coins,and who is brought into the presence of a heap of piled-up gold,and told that it is all his own.3 I have seen it said in foolish books that it is a misfortune to Oxford that so many of the buildings have been built out ofQUESTIONSection 3:Detailed Readingso perishable a vein of stone.It is indeed a misfortune in one respect,that it tempts men of dull and precise minds to restore and replace buildings of incomparable grace,because their outline is so exquisitely blurred by time and decay.I remember myself,as a child,visiting Oxford,and thinking that some of the buildings were almost shamefully ruinous of aspect;now that I am wiser I know that we have in these battered and fretted palace-fronts a kind of beauty that fills the mind with an almost despairing sense of loveliness,till the heart aches with gratitude,and thrills with the desire to proclaim the glory of the sight aloud.Section 3:Detailed Reading4 These black-fronted blistered facades,so threatening,so sombre,yet screening so bright and clear a current of life;with the tender green of budding spring trees,chestnuts full of silvery spires,glossy-leaved creepers clinging,with tiny hands,to cornice and parapet,give surely the sharpest and most delicate sense that it is possible to conceive of the contrast on which the essence of so much beauty depends.To pass through one of these dark and smoke-stained courts,with every line mellowed and harmonised,as if it had grown up so out of the earth;to find oneself in a sunny pleasaunce,carpeted with Section 3:Detailed Readingvelvet turf,and set thick with flowers,makes the spirit sigh with delight.Nowhere in the world can one see such a thing as those great gate-piers,with a cognisance a-top,with a grille of iron-work between them,all sweetly entwined with some slim vagrant creeper,that give a glimpse and a hintno moreof a fairy-land of shelter and fountains within.I have seen such palaces stand in quiet and stately parks,as old,as majestic,as finely proportioned as the buildings of Oxford;but the very blackness of the city air,and the drifting smoke of the town,gives that added touch of grimness andSection 3:Detailed Readingmystery that the country airs cannot communicate.And even fairer sights are contained within;those panelled,dark-roofed halls,with their array of portraits gravely and intently regarding the strangers;the chapels,with their splendid classical screens and stalls,rich and dim with ancient glass.The towers,domes,and steeples;and all set not in a mere paradise of lawns and glades,but in the very heart of a city,itself full of quaint and ancient houses,but busy with all the activity of a brisk and prosperous town;thereby again giving the strong and satisfying sense of contrast,the sense of eager and every-daySection 3:Detailed Readingcares and pleasures,side by side with these secluded havens of peace,the courts and cloister,where men may yet live a life of gentle thought and quiet contemplation,untroubled,nay,even stimulated,by the presence of a bustling life so near at hand,which yet may not intrude upon the older dream.5 I do not know whether my taste is entirely trustworthy,but I confess that I find the Italianate and classical buildings of Oxford finer than the Gothic buildings.The Gothic buildings are quainter,perhaps,about the classical picturesque,but there is an air of solemn pomp and sober dignity about the Section 3:Detailed Readingclassical buildings that harmonises better with the sense of wealth and grave security that is so characteristic of the place.The Gothic buildings seem a survival,and have thus a more romantic interest,a more poetical kind of association.But the classical porticos and facades seem to possess a nobler dignity,and to provide a more appropriate setting for modern Oxford;because the spirit of Oxford is more the spirit of the Renaissance than the spirit of the Schoolmen;and personally I prefer that ecclesiasticism should be more of a flavour than a temper;Schoolmen I mean that though I rejoice to think thatSection 3:Detailed Readingsober ecclesiastical influences contribute a serious grace to the life of Oxford,yet I am glad to feel that the spirit of the place is liberal rather than ecclesiastical.Such traces as one sees in the chapels of the Oxford Movement,in the shape of paltry stained glass,starred reredoses,modern Gothic woodwork,would be purely deplorable from the artistic point of view,if they did not possess a historical interest.They speak of interrupted development,an attempt to put back the shadow on the dial,to return to a narrower and more rigid tone,to put old wine into new bottles,which betrays a want of confidence in the Section 3:Detailed Readingexpansive power of God.I hate with a deep-seated hatred all such attempts to bind and confine the rising tide of thought.I want to see religion vital and not formal,elastic and not cramped by precedent and tradition.And thus I love to see worship enshrined in noble classical buildings,which seem to me to speak of a desire to infuse the intellectual spirit of Greece,the dignified imperialism of Rome into the more timid and secluded ecclesiastical life,making it fuller,larger,more free,more deliberate.QUESTIONSection 3:Detailed Reading6 But even apart from the buildings,which are after all but the body of the place,the soul of Oxford,its inner spirit,is what lends it its satisfying charm.On the one hand,it gives the sense of the dignity of the intellect;one reflects that here can be lived lives of stately simplicity,of high enthusiasm,apart from personal wealth,and yet surrounded by enough of seemly dignity to give life the charm of grave order and quiet solemnity.Here are opportunities for peaceful and congenial work,to the sound of mellodious bells;uninterrupted hours,as much society of a simple kind as a man can desire,and the Section 3:Detailed Readingwhole with a background of exquisite buildings and rich gardens.And then,too,there is the tide of youthful life that floods every corner of the place.It is an endless pleasure to see the troops of slim and alert young figures,full of enjoyment and life,with all the best gifts of life,health,work,amusement,society,friendship,lying ready to their hand.The sense of this beating and thrilling pulse of life circulating through these sombre and splendid buildings is what gives the place its inner glow;this life full of hope,of sensation,of emotion,not yet shadowed or disillusioned or weary,seems to be as the fire on Section 3:Detailed Readingthe altar,throwing up its sharp darting tongues of flame,its clouds of fragrant smoke,giving warmth and significance and a fiery heart to a sombre shrine.7 And so it is that Oxford is in a sort a magnetic pole for England;a pole not,perhaps,of intellectual energy,or strenuous liberalism,or clamorous aims,or political ideas;few,perhaps,of the sturdy forces that make England potently great,centre there.The greatness of England is,I suppose,made up by her breezy,loud-voiced sailors,her lively,plucky soldiers,her ardent,undefeated merchants,her tranquil Section 3:Detailed Readingadministrators;by the stubborn adventurous spirit that makes itself at home everywhere,and finds it natural to assume responsibilities.But to Oxford set the currents of what may becalled intellectual emotion,the ideals that may not make for immediate national greatness,but which,if delicately and faithfully nurtured,hold out at least a hope of affecting the intellectual and spiritual life of the world.There is something about Oxford which is not in the least typical of England,but typical of the larger brotherhood that is independent of nationalities;that is akin to the spirit which inSection 3:Detailed Readingany land and in every age has produced imperishable monuments of the ardent human soul.The tribe of Oxford is the tribe from whose heart sprang the Psalms of David;Homer and Sophocles,Plato and Virgil,Dante and Goethe are all of the same divine company.It may be said that John Bull,the sturdy angel of England,turns his back slightingly upon such influences;that he regards Oxford as an incidental ornament of his person,like a seal that jingles at his fob.But all generous and delicate spirits do her a secret homage,as a place where the seeds of beauty and emotion,of wisdom andSection 3:Detailed Readingunderstanding,are sown,as in a secret garden.Hearts such as these,even whirling past that celestial city,among her poor suburbs,feel an inexpressible thrill at the sight of her towers and domes,her walls and groves.Quam dilecta sunt tabernacula,they will say;and they will breathe a reverent prayer that there may be no leading into captivity and no complaining in her streets.Section 3:Detailed ReadingIn what way does the author bring Oxford city into discussion?(Paragraph 1)He starts with things very general,noble,important,and familiar,such as love,friendship,food,seasons,etc.,all of which are beyond peoples praise.And by a sudden turn he leads Oxford city in,implicitly juxtaposing Oxford with all the former noble things,and arousing readers interest in the city.Section 3:Detailed ReadingWhy does the author say he does not wish to single out particular buildings,but to praise the whole effect of the place?(Paragraph 2)It is because a detailed description of particular buildings may turn the essay into an ordinary piece of travel notes,which is appropriate to recording information or expressing emotion,but not to conducting abstract and metaphysical thinking.In praising the whole effect of the place,the author would feel it convenient to lead the writing into his intended direction,that is,to abstract the spirit of Oxford.Section 3:Detailed ReadingWhy does the author like the classical buildings of Oxford better than the Gothic buildings?(Paragraph 5)The Gothic buildings may be more attractive so far as their classical beauty is concerned.Yet since they are closely connected with the Middle Ages,they might easily bring into peoples mind the image of the Dark Age,a period of time when the Church forbade people,by its cruel dominance,to seek knowledge other than what it offered them,whereas the classical buildings are associated with the Renaissance time,a period succeeding MedievalSection 3:Detailed Readingtime when human nature was liberated and the dignity of human beings greatly enhanced.They look“solemn”and“sober”,which reminds people of“reason”characterizing the Renaissance time,and matches well the sense of wealth and grave security of the city.What is represented by the classical buildings of Oxford is a spiri