人教版新目标八年级上册英语知识点全册.doc

人教版八年级上册英语知识点Unit 1   Where did you go on vacation?（谈论假期生活，一般过去时） Unit 2   How often do you exercise?（谈论生活习惯，一般现在时） Unit 3   I'm more outgoing than my sister（谈论事物对比， 形容词比较级） Unit 4   What's the best movie theater?（谈论事物比较，形容词最高级） Unit5   Do you want to watch a game show?（谈论内心想法，一般现在时）Unit6   Im going to study puter science.(谈谈生活的目标，一般将来时) Unit7   Will people have robots?(对将来生活的预言，一般将来时)Unit8   How do you make a banana milk shake?(描述进程，祈使句)Unit9   Can you e to my party?(学习邀请，作出、接受和拒绝邀请，学习表请求的句子)Unit10  If you go to the party, youll have a great time.(作出决定，学习if的条件状语从句)复习一般过去时复合不定代词的用法反身代词的用法系动词的用法动词后的to do和doing 的区别ed形容词和ing形容词的区别“近义词”的区别本单元中的主谓一致现象动词过去式的构成及不规则动词表用同义短语转换同义句时谓语动词形式一致性的培养。感叹句的结构和连词的选择。Unit1  Where did you go on vacation?单词anyone 'eniwn pron.任何人anywhere 'eniwe(r) adv.任何地方 n.任何(一个)地方wonderful 'wndfl adj.精彩的；极好的few fju adj.很少的；n.少量most mst adj.最多的；大多数的；something 'sm pron.某事物；nothing (=notanything) 'n   pron.没有什么n.没有myself ma'self pron.我自己everyone 'evriwn pron.每人；人人yourself j'self pron.你自己；你亲自hen hen n.母鸡；雌禽bored bd adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的pig n.猪diary 'dari n.日记；日记簿(keep a diary)seem sim vi.似乎；好像someone 'smwn pron.某人；有人quite a few相当多；不少(后接可数名词)of course vks 当然activity k'tvti n.活动；活跃decide d'sad v.决定；选定(decide to do sth.)try tra v.尝试；设法；努力  (try to do sth. /try doing sth.)bird bd n.鸟；禽paragliding 'prlad n.空中滑翔跳伞bicycle 'baskl n.自行车building 'bld n.建筑物trader 'tred(r) n.商人；商船wonder 'wnd(r) v.惊奇；想知道；怀疑difference 'dfrns n.差异；不同top tp n.顶部；顶wait wet v.等；等待(wait for)umbrella m'brel n.伞；雨伞wet wet adj.湿的；雨天的below b'l prep.低于；在.下面adv.在下面as z conj.如同；像.一样enough 'nf adj.足够的adv.足够地；充分地duck dk n.鸭肉；鸭hungry(反full) 'hri adj.饥饿的；渴望的feel like(doing sth.)想要dislike ds'lak v.不喜欢；厌恶  n.不喜爱；厌恶；反感重点短语1. go on vacation去度假            2.stay at home  待在家里             3.go to the mountains 去爬山 4. go to the beach     去海滩    5. visit museums   参观博物馆       6. go to summer camp   去参加夏令营7.quite a few      相当多      8.study for    为而学习       9.go out   出去 10.most of the time   大部分时间      11. taste good     尝起来很好吃      12.have a good time   玩得高兴  13. of course     当然        14.feel like    给的感觉；感受到             15.go shopping   去购物  16.in the past  在过去                    17. walk around  四处走走         18. because of  因为 19. one bowl of 一碗  20. the next day  第二天       21. drink tea  喝茶     22. find out  找出；  查明  23. go on  继续                24.take photos   照相              25. something important   重要的事   26. up and down  上上下下       27. e up   出来          28. buy sth. for sb. / buy sb. sth.  为某人买某物 29. taste + adj.  尝起来  30. look+adj. 看起来 31.nothingbut+动词原形     除了之外什么都没有 32.seem+（to be）+ adj.    看起来 33. arrive in+大地点 / arrive at+小地点    到达某地 34.decide to do sth.  决定去做某事     35. try doing sth.  尝试做某事 /     36. try to do sth.   尽力去做某事     37. forget doing sth.   忘记做过某事/   38. forget to do sth.   忘记做某事    39. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事  40. want to do sth. 想去做某事         41. start doing sth.  开始做某事     42. stop doing sth.  停止做某事  43.  dislike doing sth.不喜欢做某事 44. keep doing sth.   继续做某事 45. Why not do. sth.?  为什么不做呢？46. so+adj.+that+从句     如此以至于   47. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要）做某事 48 .have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快三、重点句子：  1. Where did you go on vacation?      你去哪儿度假的？ 2. Long time no see.                 好久不见。  3. Did you go anywhere interesting?    你去有趣的地方了吗？ 4. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.   大多数时间我只呆在家里看书和放松。 5. Everything was excellent.    一切都很棒。  6. I bought something for my father.    我给我爸爸买了些东西。 7. How did you like it？     你觉得它怎么样？  8. I arrived at Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.   今天早晨我和家人到达马来西亚槟城。 9. For lunch, we had something very special.   午饭我们吃了很特别的东西。  10. but many of the old buildings are still there.      但是许多旧的建筑物还在那里。  11. My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today.    今天我和爸爸决定去槟城山。  12. And because of the bad weather , we couldnt see anything below.    并且因为糟糕的天气，我们看不见下面的任何东西。语法：复合不定代词或副的构成及用法  构成：由some, any, no, every分别加上-body, -thing, -one构成的不定代词叫做合成不定代词；加上-where构成副词。 用法：  （1）合成不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语或表语等。 Nobody will listen to him. He wants something to eat. （2）不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。 There is nothing wrong with the TV. Everybody likes reading.  （3）some-不定代词，通常用于肯定句中；any-不定代词则多用于否定句、疑问句中。但some-可用于表请求、邀请、预料对方会作肯定回答时的疑问句中。 Someone is calling me.  There isnt anyone else there. Is anybody over there?  Could you give me something to eat?  （4）形容词修饰不定代词时，通常要放在不定代词之后。 There is something delicious on the table.  （5）somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere用作副词。 Flowers e out everywhere.     注： 形容词修饰不定代词要后置：anything special             不定代词做主语时谓语用单数.巩固练习：用不定代词或不定副词填空：  1. I cant hear anything = I can hear _.  2. There is _ on the floor. Please pick it up. 3. Did _ go to play basketball with you ? 4. I phoned you last night, but _ answered it.  5. Maybe _ put my pencil _. I cant find it _. 单选  1. No one _ how to do it.  A.know   B. knows  C. knowing  D. knew 2. Everything_OK, isnt it?    A. was   B. are   C. and   D. is  3. Theres_in the newspaper. You should read it.   A. important something   B. something boring   C. boring something     D. something important.1. arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family.(翻译)_   arrive为不及物动词，意为_,arrive in 到达+大地方（国家 省 市）      arrive at 到达+小地方（机场 商店等)      get to 到达+地方      reach 到达+地方       The Smiths_ New York at 8:00 last night.          A.arrived at    B. got to    C.reach      D.arrived 2. so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (翻译)_  3. decide为及物动词，意为决定，决心。决定做某事：_. 4. My sister and I tried paragliding. （翻译）_ try to do sth.意为_;try doing sth.意为_ We shouldnt try _(study) English, we should try _(study) English. 5.I felt like I was a bird.(翻译)_ _.  feel like意为_后常接_.另外feel like还意为_Do you feel like a cup of tea? 6.I wonder what life was like here in the past.（翻译）_  wonder为及物动词，意为“想知道”，后常接疑问词（who, what, why)引导的从句。I wonder _ you are doing. (我想知道你正在做什么。) 6.What a difference a day makes!   感叹句，结构为What +名词+主语+谓语！补充：_ 7. We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people.  _ 为等候 ,后接人或物。_为太多，后接可数名词复数; _+不可数名词（money）; _为太后接形容词或副词（big） 8 .My father didnt bring enough money.   Enough后可接_，其形式分别为_；_。(1) want to do sth. 想要做某事    (2) want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事    (3) would like to do sth. 想要做某事     (4) (2) decide to do sth. 决定做某事        (5) decide on 决定某事课后练习  一、用所给词的适当形式填空。  1. I didnt find _ ( someone ) there.  2. Is there _( something ) important in todays newspaper?  3. Look! There is _ ( anybody ) at home. The light is on.  4. Amy _ ( meet ) a famous actor yesterday.  5. There _ ( be ) forty-five students in our class last term.  6. Miss Green _ ( e ) to China in 2008. 7. Little Tom _ ( be ) here a moment ago. 8. She _ ( buy ) a new bag yesterday. 二、单项选择  (     )1. -_ you _ to the movies？ -  Yes, I did.  A. Did   went         B. Did  go     C. Are  went (     )2. - How was your weekend?    - Great! We _ a picnic in the park. A. have               B. has         C. had  (     )3. Mrs Green with her little daughter _ at home _ that rainy night.  A. was  on            B. were  on      C. was  at (     )4. - Who told you to clean the windows?          -Miss Wang _  A. told                B. did      ;  C. has told (     )5. - Do you always _ to the zoo?          - Yes, I _ yesterday.  A. go  go       B. go  went      C. went  go  (     )6. - _ there any koalas in the zoo last year?           - No, there _.  A. Are  arent   B. Were  wasnt    C. Were  werent  (     )7.- Did you go with _?         - Yes, I did.  A. someone       B. anyone     C. somebody (     )8. - Did you buy _ special?   - No, I didnt.  A. something      B. some things    C. anything 三、句型转换  1Lucy played puter games yesterday. ( 改为一般疑问句 )  _ Lucy _ puter games yesterday? 2We went to the Palace Museum.  ( 对划线部分提问 ) _  _ you _?  3There was someone here just now. （ 改为否定句 ） _ . 4She played volleyball just now.  （ 改为否定句 ） She _  _ 5volleyball just now. They ate a lot of ice cream.    ( 对划线部分提问 ) _  _ they _?  6My vacation was pretty good.   ( 对划线部分提问 ) _  _ your vacation? Monday, July 15th I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. It was sunny and hot, so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. My sister and I tried paragliding. I felt like I was a bird. It was so exciting! For lunch, we had something very specialMalaysian yellow noodles. They were delicious! In the afternoon, we rode bicycles to Georgetown. There are a lot of new buildings now, but many of the old buildings are still there. In Weld Quay, a really old place in Georgetown, we saw the houses of the Chinese traders from 100 years ago. I wonder what life was like here in the past. I really enjoyed walking around the town.                                               Tuesday, July 16th What a different a day makes! My father and I decided to go to Penang Hill today. We wanted to walk up to the top, but then it started raining a little so we decided to take the train. We waited over and hour for the train because there were too many people. When we got to the top, it was raining really hard. We didnt have an umbrella so we were wet and cold. It was terrible. And because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. My father didnt bring enough money, so we only had one bowl of rice and some fish. The food tasted great because I was so hungry!不规则动词过去式：          am, is-was          are-were,         do-did,        see-saw,       say-said      give-gave          get-got,           go-went       e-came     have-had,    eat-ate            take-took         run-ran,       sing-sang,      put-put,     make-made        read-read,        write-wrote     draw-drew    drink-drank,       fly-flew,          ride-rode,       speak-spoke,    sweep-swept       buy-bought,       swim-swam,     sit-sat,     bring-brought,    can-could,         cut-cut         bee-became,   begin-began,       draw-drew        feel-felt         find-found forget-forgot       hear-heard        keep-kept       know-knew,  learn-learnt（learned）               leave-left,        let-let,     lose-lost,            meet-met,       read-read,        sleep-slept,            speak-spoke,     take-took           teach-taught ,      tell-told,     wake-wokeUnit2  How often do you exercise?单词housework 'haswk n.家务劳动hardly 'hdli adv.几乎不；简直不；刚刚ever 'ev(r) adv.曾经；在任何时候once wns adv.一次；曾经twice twas adv.两倍；两次Internet 'ntnet n.因特网program 'prrm n.节目；程序；课程；节目单full fl adj.满的；充满的；完全的swing sw n.摇摆；秋千v.摇摆；旋转maybe 'mebi adv.或许；也许；可能swing dance摇摆舞least list adj.最小的；最少的at least至少hardly ever很少；几乎从不；难得junk n.垃圾；废旧杂物coffee 'kfi n.咖啡；咖啡色health hel n.健康；人的身体或精神状态result r'zlt .结果；后果percent p'sent adj.百分之.的online n'lan adj.在线的adv.在线地television 'telvn n.电视机；电视节目although l' conj.虽然；尽管；然而；可是through ru prep.穿过；凭借；一直到body 'bdi n.身体mind mand .头脑；想法；意见；心思such st adj.这样的；如此的together t'e(r) adv.共同；一起die da v.死；枯竭；消失writer 'rat(r) n.作者；作家dentist 'dentst n.牙科医生magazine 'mzin n.杂志however ha'ev(r) adv.然而；无论如何；不管多么than n conj.比almost 'lmst adv.几乎；差不多none nn pron.没有人；没有任何东西，毫无less les adj.更少的；较少的point pnt n.看法；要点；重点；小数点；目标；分数重点短语such as例如；诸如junk food n.垃圾食品；无营养食品more than超过；多于；不仅仅；非常less than不到；少于help with housework 帮助做家务          on weekends  在周末          how often  多久一次                    hardly ever  几乎从不                once a week 每周一次                   twice a month  每月两次  every day 每天                         be free  有空     go to the movies  去看电影               use the Internet    用互联网 swing dance  摇摆舞    ;                play tennis   打网球      stay up late   熬夜；睡得很晚              at least 至少  have dance and piano lessons  上舞蹈课和钢琴课            go to bed early 早点睡觉  play sports 进行体育活动               be good for  对有好处       go camping 去野营                     notat all 一点儿也不       in ones free time  在某人的业余时间    the most popular  最受欢迎的such as  比如；诸如                    old habits die hard  积习难改   go to the dentist  去看牙医              more than   多于；超过    less than   少于        ;                help sb. with sth.   帮助某人做某事     How about?  .怎么样？            want sb. to do sth.    想让某人做某事   How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？  有多少? spend time with sb.    和某人一起度过时光 Its+ adj.+ to do sth.  做某事的的。      ask sb. about sth.     向某人询问某事 by doing sth.        通过做某事        Whats your favorite?  你最喜爱的是什么？the best way to do sth.         做某事的最好方式三重点语法  (一) 重点句型    1.-What do you usually do on weekends?    -I often go to the movies.    (1) on weekends/on the weekend在周末                      (2) go to the movies  去看电影    (3) 第一个do 助动词        第二个do 实意动词   2. hardly ever 几乎从不      hardly ever 相当于 hardly, ever起强调作用。hardly 为副词，意为“几乎不没有）”，相当于almost not，本身具有否定含义，不能再使用其他否定词。  E.g. She hardly eats anything. 辨析: hardly 和hard     hard作形容词，意为“困难的，艰苦的，硬的”；   hard作副词，意为“努力地，猛烈地”。   hardly意为“几乎不”     (1) The ground is too            to dig (2) I can          understand them.  (3) It's raining            ,the people can              go outside. 3. -How often do you watch TV?  -Twice a week.  (1) how often 意为“多久一次，多长时间一次”，用来提问频率。 (2) twice a week 一周两次   拓展: 一次 once    两次 twice  三次或三次以上  基数词+ times  three times  four times   4. What's your favorite program?  = What program do you like best?  你最喜欢的节目是什么？   5. How e? 怎么回事？怎么会？  表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句。相当于疑问词why。但how e 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍是陈述语序。  How e you didn't tell me about it? = Why you didn't tell me about it?   6. I go to the movies