Education.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,中国教育体制,以及英美教育体制,中国教育体制是怎么样的呢,In China,children begin to go to school at the age of seven.It takes six years for them to finish primary school.In this stage,they are taught elementary knowledge in language and science,which lays the foundation for their further education.,After primary school,they go to junior middle school without having to pass any exams.Education at this level is compulsory.It lasts for three years,during which the children learn basic Chinese English,Mathematics,Physics and Chemistry.,在中国，孩子们,7,岁开始上学，,6,年念完小学。在这个阶段，教他们基础语言和科学知识，为今后的教育打基础。,小学后升初中不用考试。此阶段的教育是强制性的，为时,3,年。在此期间，孩子们学基础汉语、英语、数学、物理和化学。,When the junior middle school education comes to an end,the students are screened by exams in two ways.those who expect to go to college may choose to enter senior middle school and those who want to work attend professional schools,The senior middle school education takes 3 years and the professional school 2 to 3 years.,The senior middle school graduates have to take competitive exams before they enter college.The college education lasts 4 to 6 years.For a bachelor degree,students take the four year course and pass the defense of their theses.The master degree students have another two years of study and research work and are given their degree after the defense of their theses.,Such is the education system in China.,初中教育结束时，通过考试进行双向分流。想上大学的进高中，想工作的进职业学校。高中教育为时,3,年。职业学校,2,3,年。,高中毕业生通过选拔性的考试后进入大学。大学为时,4,6,年。学生学完,4,年课程，通过论文答辩后，获得学士学位。硕士学位的学生再学习研究,2,年，通过论文答辩后授予学位。,这就是中国的教育制度。,英美教育体制,September is traditionally the end of summer and the beginning of autumn in the UK.It is also the month when children go back to school after their long summer holidays;but what do you actually know about British schools?Well,there are two types of school in England.State-run schools are paid for by the government,so are free to attend.,Independent schools are private,which means you have to pay to attend.The school day usually starts at nine in the morning and finishes around foChildren start school when they are five years old.This is called primary school,and lasts until the child is 11,when he or she will go on to senior school.Secondaryschool is compulsory from 11 until 16 years of age.At 16,students take national examinations called GCSEs.,U,r,with breaks for lunch of course!In many schools,you have to wear a uniform too.,After this,students can stay on at school for another two years and take A-Level,examinations.These examinations are necessary if they want to go on to university at 18.,Some universities start in September,but others begin in October.Courses normally,last three years,but some,such as languages,engineering or medicine,can take much longer to complete.,Students usually go to university in a different town,so need to get used to living,alone,paying bills and washing their own clothes!For many,this is a difficult time,but everyone soon becomes used to it!,九月是传统的夏季结束和秋季在英国开始。这也是一个月后，当孩子回到他们的漫长的暑假假期，学校里，可是你根本不知道什么对英国学校？嗯，有两个在英国学校类型。国家开办的学校是由政府支付的，因此可以自由参加。私立学校是私人的，这意味着你必须支付给参加。每天上课时间通常开始于早上九围绕四个完成，当然与午休时间！在许多学校，你必须穿制服了。,孩子开始上学时，五岁。这就是所谓的小学，并持续到孩子,11,日，当他或她会去上高中。初中是义务教育，从,11,至,16,岁。,16,岁的学生参加国家考试称为普通中等教育证书的。在此之后，学生可以留在学校为两年，采取的,A-Level,考试。这些考试是必要的，如果他们想继续在,18,到大学。一些大学在九月开始，但其他人在,10,月开始。课程通常持续三年，但一些诸如语言，工程或医药，可需要更长的时间才能完成。,通常去上大学的学生在不同的城市，因此需要习惯于独居，支付账单和洗自己的衣服！对于许多人来说，这是一个困难时期，但大家很快成为习惯了！,Universities in Britain used to be free,but many students now have to pay for part of their course.Similarly,，,students used to receive a grant?money from the government in order to live.Nowadays,they have to borrow money from banks or the government,called a student loan,or take part-time jobs.Either way,it can be difficult and many students have money problems.,School and university life are not just about studying,however.Many students take parting drama productions or play music.Others,of course,take part in a wide range of sports,such as football,rugby and cricket.,Many of the friends British people make at school and university remain friends for life,so it seems true to say that your schooldays really are,“,the best days of your life.,”,英国的大学是免费的，但许多学生仍必须支付其课程费用的一部分。同样，学生经常接受资助？来自政府的钱是为了生活。如今，他们已经向银行或政府借款，这叫学生贷款。或者是采取兼职工作。无论哪种方式，许多学生很难解决钱的问题。学校和大学生活不只是学习，但是。很多学生参加戏剧表演或音乐制作。而其他人，当然也参与诸如足球，橄榄球和板球运动等多系列的活动。许多英国学生在大学里交到人生的挚友，似乎可以说，学生时代真的是“生命中最美好的日子。”,Form of education since ancient times,从古至今的教育形式,原始社会大多由长者通过实际活动身教与口耳相传,.,到了夏代，则有了正式以教为主的学校，称为,“,校,”,。,到了商朝，称为,“,庠,”,，到周成为,“,序,”,。一般情况下，塾中优秀者，可升入乡学而学于庠、序、校；庠、序、校中的优秀者或升入国学而学于大学。国学为中央直属学校，乡学是地方学校。,大约在公元前,3000,年左右已有,“,图书文字,”,和,“,象形文字,”,了。有了文字自然会有专门传授和学习的机构，当时称为,“,成均,”,，这就是学校的最初萌芽。,春秋战国时代，官学逐渐为私学替代，出现新兴阶层,“,士,”,，秦始皇统一六国文字，提倡,“,以吏为师，以法为学,”,。,魏晋南北朝，晋武帝在太学外另设国子学。,唐时，京师设国子监，长官称国子监祭酒，学校六所，国子学，太学，四门学（以上专收贵族官僚子弟），律学，书学，算学。教师称博士,。地方有府学，州学，县学，设博士，文学，助教与教官。,宋代除了太学外，有律算书画医诸学，书院制度开始兴起。,西汉私学重新恢复发展，汉武帝采纳董仲舒的主张，“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”。在长安兴建太学，置,诗,书,礼,易,春秋,五经博士为教官，招收博士弟子，年龄在,18,岁以上。,元代有蒙古国小学，回回国小学，教授蒙文、阿拉伯和波斯文学。元代书院始设“山长”。,明清教育制度相近，中央有国子监，学生称贡生、监生明代国子监分南北两监（北京和南京），有日、朝等国学生,。明学称学正，副职均称训导，学生院试进学后的生员（秀才），按成绩优劣依次分廪生,增生、附生。,还有启蒙教育，明清有三类：私塾，义学，专馆。,清光绪三十一年，废除科举建立京师大学堂为新式学校。,现代中国,的高等教育,形式,包括普通高等教育和成人高等教育。普通高等教育分为专科教育（学制二至三年）、本科教育（学制四年）和研究生教育（包括硕士和博士学位）三个阶段。成人高等教育经教育部审定核准，包括以下类型：广播电视大学、职工高等学校、职业技术学院、农民高等学校、管理干部学院、教育学院、独立设置的函授学院、普通高校所属的成（继）教院，实行全国统一招生。招生类型分专科起点升本科（简称专升本）、高中起点升本科（简称高起本）和高中起点升专科（简称高起专）三种。,在校学习形式分脱产、业余（包括半脱产、夜大学）和函授三种，其中脱产最短学制为：专升本两年，高起本四年，高起专两年；业余和函授最短学制为：专升本两年半，高起本五年，高起专两年半。,Higher education in China,Higher education in China is continuously growing,changing and developing.There are over 2,000 universities and colleges,with more than six million enrollments in total.China has set up a degree system,including Bachelors,Masters and Doctoral degrees that are open to foreign students.The country offers non-degree programs as well.,According to the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China,the government authority on all matters pertaining to education and language,higher education in China has played a significant part in economic growth,scientific progress and social development in the country by bringing up large scale of advanced talents and experts for the construction of socialist modernization.,中国教育的高等教育正在不断的发展和变化。超过,2000,所大学和学院的入学总人数多于六百万。中国已经建立了一种包括学士，硕士和博士学位的并对外国学生开放的学位制度。国家也提供非学位课程。根据中华人民共和国教育部的相关规定，政府权威机构掌管教育和语言方面的所有事务，中国的高等教育在经济增长中起到了重要作用。是科技进步、社会发展、培养大型先进人才和社会主义现代化建设人才的重要组成部分。,New trends in Chinese higher education are attracting the attention of educators around the world.Since China began to develop a Western-oriented university model at the end of nineteenth century,Chinese higher education has continued to evolve.Since the late 1980s,tremendous economic development in China has stimulated reforms in higher education that have resulted in remarkable improvements,。,中国高等教育新的趋势正受到全球教育家的关注。自从中国在,19,世纪末开始研究一个针对西方的大学模型，中国的高等教育也在一直演变着。自,20,世纪,80,年代以来，受到国家巨大的经济发展的刺激，高等教育的改革也在不断的改善。,如果现在这个时代能出全才，那便是应试教育的幸运和这个时代的不幸。如果有，他便是人中之王，可惜没有，所以我们只好把“全”字人下的“王”给拿掉。时代需要的只是人才。,制作人员：,许硕,刘蓉蓉,孙超,王朝真,袁蒙,THANK YOU,