汽车英语1.ppt

Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Page,*,Click to edit Master title style,New words:,Automobile,n.,美,小客车，汽车，机动车,Tremendously,adv.,惊人（可怕）地，极，非常,Allied,adj.,有关的，相近的，性质上有密切联系的,Construction,n.,建筑，结构，构造，施工,Automotive,adj.,汽车的，机动车的，自行的,Experienced,adj.,有（实践）经验的，熟练的,Diagnose,v.,诊断，确定，断定,Trouble,n.;v,.,故障，事故；扰乱，损坏,Component,n.,部,(,元,组,零,构,),件,部分,Transmission,n.,变速器,变速箱,传动,(,系,装置,),Differential,n.,差,(,动,速,),差分,(,动,),器,Suspension n.,悬架,吊架,悬挂系,悬架装置,Air-conditioner n.,空调装置,Classification n.,分类,分级,归类,Articulated adj.,铰接的，有活节的，关节式连接的,Conventional adj.,惯例的，常规的,传统的,Majority n.,多数,大多数,半数以上,Passage n.,通过,经过,推移,Arrangement n.,布置,排列,分布,Digital a.,数字的，计数的，指状的,Denote,vt,.,指示,表示,意味着,Mechanism n.,机构,机械,机械结构,Connection n.,连接，接合,接头,Cabin n.,驾驶室,客舱,Retractable a.,可收回的,可缩进的,Automatically adv.,自动地,自然而然的,Abnormal adj.,反常的,不正常的,不规则的,Tyre n.,vt,.,轮胎,车胎,装轮胎在,上,Introduction n.,引进,传入,采用,Adhesion n.,黏着,附着,附着力,Scooter n.,低座小摩托车,小型摩托车,transport n.,运输,运输工具,Minibus n.,小型公共汽车,(,四座四人,),Accumulator n.,蓄电池,储蓄器,储压器,Crane n.;v.,起重机,吊车,;,用起重机,Wheeler n.,有轮车,有,轮的东西,Motion n.,运动,移,(,摆,开,),动,Reciprocate v.,往复运动,前后转动,来回,Pneumatic adj.,气动的,风动的,空气推动的,Convertible adj.,可改变的,可变换的,Phrases and expressions,All over the world,全世界,Manufacturing process,生产流程,制造过程,lawn mover,剪草器,割草机,Snow remover,扫雪车,Saturation point,饱和点,Single-unit vehicle,整体式车身车辆,承载式车辆,Arrange for,安排,准备,On the other hand,另一方面,with respect to,关于,就,而论,根据,Be classified as,分成,类,Delivery van,厢式送货车,Types of Automobiles,The automobile industry is a fast developing industry.From the later 18th century when the first automobile was put on road,this industry has developed tremendously.Now there are thousands of factories all over the world manufacturing numerous types of automobiles.This industry employs,crores,of men and women directly and indirectly in allied industries.The automobile engines are also being used in engine powered machines for agriculture,construction and manufacturing processes.Various types of small engines are also being used in lawn movers,power saws,snow removers and similar equipments.,汽车工业是快速发展的产业从世纪第一台汽车投放路面，至今这一产业仍发展蓬勃如今全世界范围内有上万家工厂制造不计其数种车型这一产业及其附属产业直接或间接的雇佣了无数名男女工人汽车发动机如今被用作农业，施工以及加工制造业等方面的驱动引擎各种小型引擎也被用于割草机，电锯，扫雪车和类似设备。,The automobile industry is a developing and demanding industry which does not find its end or saturation point.There is a great demand for varied types of automotive products,vehicles and engines.There is also a great demand for trained and experienced persons in this industry for diagnosing motor vehicle troubles,repairing and replacing engines components,transmission,propeller shafts,differentials,axles,steering system components,brake system components,suspension components,air-conditioners,heaters,body and glass work.,汽车工业是个持续发展，精益求精的产业，永远不会达到顶端或饱和点各种类型的汽车产品，整车和发动机都要求很高同时也要求从事这一行业的人训练有素，经验丰富，因为他们要诊断整车故障，修理更换发动机零件，变速箱，驱动轴，差速器，桥，转向系统零件，刹车系统零件，悬挂部件，空调，暖风，车身以及玻璃工位等等,There are numerous types of automobiles used in the world.There are in general three main classifications of the various types of vehicles.,The single-unit vehicles or load carriers.,Articulated vehicles.,The heavy tractor vehicles.,世界范围呢使用的汽车种类很多主要分为三种：,（）全承载式或车架式汽车,（）铰接式汽车,（）重型牵引机车,Single-unit vehicles are of conventional four-wheel type.The great majority of vehicles are of two axle design.In these vehicles the front axle is a steering non-driving axle and the rear axle is the driving axle.With the passage of time,a great many changes have taken place in the number of axles and the driving arrangements.,承载式车是传统的四轮类型大部门车都采用两轴设计这些车的前轴是转向非驱动轴，后轴是驱动轴随着时代的发展，轴数和驱动布置发生了很多改变。,In this classification,digital terms like 42,44,64 etc.are commonly used.The first figure denotes the total number of wheels and the second figure the number of driving wheels.,这种分类通常使用,42,44,64,等数字术语第一个数字表示车轮数量，第二个数字表示驱动轮的数量,A lower powered three-wheeler with a single steering wheel in front and a conventional rear driving axle is an example of articulated vehicles.It has a greater handling ability in awkward places.It can be turned about its own tail due to the three-wheel construction.,一种低功率三轮和一个前轮驱动加上一个传统的后驱动轴组成一个典型的铰接车在崎岖不平的地方它有很好的操纵能力。由于是三轮结构，它可以自行转身尾舵,The coupling mechanism between semi-,tailer,and tractor in most of these vehicles is arranged for automatic connection and coupling up necessitating only its reversing into the position.But for uncoupling operation,a lever is provided within the drivers cabin to reverse the whole process.A pair of retractable wheels in front are also provided.Along with the coupling or uncoupling operation,they can be raised or lowered automatically.,对于大多数车，在牵引车和挂车之间的耦合机构被安排用来自动连接和耦联起来以迫使其只能回转入位。但是对于解耦联操作，驾驶室内的一根控制杆被用来操纵整个倒车过程。车前部一对伸缩轮也被提供（起相同作用），不论是耦合还是解耦合操作，它们都能自动上升或者下降。,To move heavy loads,heavy tractor or independent tractor vehicles commonly operate in pair either in tandem or as puller and pusher.,为移动重物，重型牵引机或独立牵引车通常成对串联使用，或作为拖拉机使用,A special consideration is made in respect of the drive to the front wheels in all-wheel drive vehicles.We know that the front wheels are to travel farther than the rear wheels on every band.The wind-up produced by this difference of travel over-stresses the transmission system.To avoid this a great necessity of some form of differential or its equivalent has been felt to provide it the front and rear drives.,全轮驱动车对于驱动前轮要做特殊考虑。我们都知道前轮比后轮行驶距离要长，这一行驶距离差造成的弯距要靠变速箱来弥补为避免这种情况，很有必要在前轮或后轮装差速器或与之相当的装置,It has been seen that if the conditions are not very abnormal,sufficient amount of tyre slip taking place under running conditions would release these stresses completely.,如果情况不是非常不正常，在行驶条件下轮胎足量的滑行也可以完全释放这些压力。,An all-wheel drive is better than the introduction of differentials between the various axles.It provides adhesion under the worst possible conditions.On the other hand,the drive to all the other axles is liable to be lost if any one axle or group of axles loses adhesion.,全轮驱动比在各轴之间装差速器要好在可能的最坏情况下，它提供了附着力从另一方面来说，如果一根轴或一组轴丧失附着力有可能导致去其他轴的驱动力丧失,Types of automobiles.There are numerous types of automobile found in different parts of the world.With respect to different purposes,the various types of automobiles are classified as under:,I.With respect to the use:,auto-cycles and moppets.(b)scooters and motor cycles.(c)cars,station wagons and pick-ups.(d)lorries(buses)and trucks.(e)tractors.,汽车分类在世界的不同地方你可以发现各种不同的车型按照用途不同，汽车被分成以下几类：,一按用途：,摩托车轿车，皮卡巴士和卡车拖拉机,II.With respect to capacity:,Heavy transport vehicle or heavy motor vehicle:Tata,Leyland.(b)light transport vehicles,or light motor vehicles(cars,jeeps,scooter/motor cycles)(c)medium vehicle:Tempo,Minibus,Station Wagon,重型运输车辆或重型摩托车：轻型运输车辆或轻型摩托车中型车辆,III.With respect to the fuel used;,(a)Petrol vehicles:cars,scooters,motor cycles(b)diesel vehicles”Tata,Leyland vehicles,Mercedes car(c)gas vehicles:coal-gas,gas turbine or producer-vehicles(d)electric vehicles-using electric storage batteries or accumulators to drive electric motors attached to the front or rear wheels,e.g.heavy cranes(e)steam vehicle-it is now obsolete.,按使用燃料：,汽油车：轿车，摩托车柴油车：天然气车电动车使用蓄电池或发动机驱动安装在前轮或后轮的电动马达蒸汽车已经淘汰,IV.With respect to the make:,Leyland,Tata.(b)Ambassador,Fiat(Premier-President),Standard,Herald etc.(c),Vespa,/Bajaj,Raj,Hans,Rajdoot,Royal Enfield,Vijay,Delux,Vijay,Kesari,Priya,.,V.With respect to wheels and axles:,(a)Two wheelers:motor cycles/scooters(b)three wheelers:tempos,auto rickshaws(c)four wheelers:cars,jeeps,buses,trucks(6,tyres,)etc.Buses and trucks have six,tyres,out of which four are carried on the rear wheels for additional traction.(d)axle 6 wheelers(10,tyres,)vehicles:,Shaktiman,Dodge.,VI.With respect to the drive:,Left hand drive-most of the American vehicles.,Right hand drive-most of the Indian vehicles.,Fluid drive-vehicles using Fluid Coupling Engine and Transmission.,Front drive-,volks,Wagon,Skoda,Austin.,Rear wheel drive-most of the Indian vehicles,All wheel-drive Jeep 4,4,VII.With respect to motion:(a)reciprocating-piston engines.(b)rotary-,wankel,engine,gas turbine.,VII.With respect to the suspension:(a)conventional-leaf spring,(b)Independent-coil,torsion bar,pneumatic.,IX.With respect to the body and number of doors:(a)sedan-two doors,four doors(b)convertible-jeep(c)station wagon(d)delivery van.,X.With respect to transmission:,conventional-most of Indian vehicles,Semi-automatic-modern British vehicles,Automatic-American vehicles,exercises,Put the following expressions into Chinese:,Automobile transportation,To put on trial,Manufacturing technique,Construction-type lift crane,Experienced driver=expert driver,Snow removal equipment,Differential gear with self-locking device,Suspension stability control,Single-unit truck,Articulated frame,In the great majority of cases,Digital fuel consumption meter,Turn about its own tail,Transmission mechanism,Adhesion of wheels,Be liable to leak oil occasionally,