ing作状语.ppt

*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Grammar,V-,ing,形式作状语,语态,时态,主动语态,(,逻辑主谓关系,),被动语态,(,逻辑动宾关系,),一般式,(not)doing,与句中谓语动作同时或基本同时发生,(not)being done,完成式,(not)having done,先与句中谓语动作发生,(not)having been done,V-,ing,作状语的用法,V-,ing,短语在句子中作状语，可以表示,时间，原因，结果，条件，方式或伴随动作等。,Turning around,she saw a police car driving up.,Looking out of the window,I saw some children playing football.,(When)Hearing the news,he couldnt help laughing.,时间,Being poor,he couldnt go to school.,注意：,单个形容词,作原因状语时，形容词之前记得加,being,Seeing nobody at home,he left them a note.,Not knowing his telephone number,I couldnt get in touch with him.,原因,He came,running,.,When the shopping mall opened,customers came,crowding in,.,方式,She stood,waiting for a bus,.,He sat there,reading a book,.,The students ran out of the classroom,talking and laughing.,伴随,The child slipped and fell,hitting his head against the door.,Her husband died,leaving her 4 children,.,They fired,killing many people in the street,.,结果,比较：,I hurried to the booking office,only to be told,all the tickets had been sold out.,Using your head,youll find a good way.,Working hard,youll surely succeed.,条件,Use your head and,youll find a good way.,Work hard and,youll surely succeed.,注意：,1.,当,v-ing,形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，应使用完成式：,having done,Having finished his homework,he rushed out to play basketball.,Having failed twice,he didnt want to try again.,2.,当,v-ing,形式与句子的主语之间存在着逻辑上的动宾关系时，应使用被动式：,being done,Being helped by the teacher,she will learn English well.,Being well taken care of,she recovered quickly.,3.,当,v-ing,形式被动式的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时，被动式应使用完成式：,having been done,Having been shown the lab,we were taken to see the library.,Having been told many times,he still repeated the same mistake.(,让步状语,),注意：,having been done,在表示,动作完成意义,时可以用,done,替换。但是当它与,段时间,连用时不可用,done,替换。,Having been separated from other continents,for millions of years,Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.,4.,v-ing,形式作状语时，它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语是一致的。,Rushing into the dining-room,supper was waiting for me.,Rushing into the dining-room,I found supper was waiting for me.,While visiting a strange city,a guide-book is very helpful.,While visiting a strange city,you may find a guide-book very helpful.,The old man,_(work)abroad for 20 years,is on the way back to his motherland.,_(wait)in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized he had left his wallet at home.,_(find)her car stolen,he hurried to a policeman for help.,He glanced over at her,_(notice)that though she was tiny,she seemed well put together.,He sent me an e-mail,_(hope)to get further information.,I was going along the street _(look)a place to park.,Maria passed the driving license test.She came back _(wear)a smile.,having worked,Having waited,Finding,noticing,hoping,looking for,wearing,8.I got to the office earlier that day,_(catch)the 7:30 train from Paddington.,9._(ill),she had no choice but to stay in bed.,10._(not persuade)his parents,he failed to go to a drama school,where his interest lay.,11._(attack)by terrorists,the ball building collapsed.,12._(bite)twice,the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we had the dog chained.,13._(paint)red,the building stands out among the rest and looks very attractive.,14.Oil prices have risen by 32%since the start of the year,_(reach)a record US$57.65 a barrel on April 4,th,.,having caught,Being ill,Not having persuaded,Having been attacked,Having been bitten/Bitten,Having been painted/Painted,reaching,