初中英语简单句的5种基本类型.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,简单句,的五种基本类型,预备知识,Subject,主语,?,Predicate,谓语,?,Object,宾语,?,Predicative,表语,?,Full Verb,实义行为,动词,?,Link Verb,连系动词,?,还,“,简单句,”,呢,-,分不清了耶,!,郁闷死,!,休要担心少要害怕,-,简单句（,Simple Sentences,）,就是,只包含,一个主谓结构,的句子,-,它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫,简单句,的啊,!,英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了,!-,呵呵,就像俺这样,:,Practice makes perfect!,-,熟能生巧,按,结构,分,一个完整的,简单句,由,“,主语部分,+,谓语部分,”,构成,The man,is a teacher,.,主语部分,谓语部分,He,works hard.,主语部分,谓语部分,He,teaches English well,.,主语部分,谓语部分,哲学上说,:,运动是绝对的,静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于,动词,一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词,(,除了省略句外,),动词,连系动词,主要动词,行为动词,助动词,辅助动词,情态动词,be(am is are was were)/seem/keep,是,/,好象,(,似乎,),是,/,保持,look/feel/taste/smell/sound,看,/,感觉,/,尝,/,闻,/,听起来,(,上去,),become/turn/get/grow,变得,不及物动词,laugh/,smile,/look/listen,及物动词,see/hear/,drink,/eat,be(am/is/are/was/were),do/does/did,have/has/had,will/shall/be going to,can/may/must /shall/need,could/should/would/might,have(has)to/had better,连系动词,be(am is are was were)/seem/keep/,是,/,好象,(,似乎,),是,/,保持,look/feel/taste/smell/sound,/,看,/,感觉,/,尝,/,闻,/,听起来,(,上去,),become/turn/get/grow,/,变得,表语,:,表示,主语,是什么,(,身份,),或者,怎么样,(,处于什么状态,),。,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。,和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说,:,连系动词,后面的就,/,才是,表语,!,He,is,a boy,.,She,is,a girl,.,They,are,students,.,They,are,good,.,He,looks/seems,ill,.,The apple,tastes,nice,.,Trees,turn,green,.,Your idea,sounds,good,.,主语 连系动词 表语,连系动词,主,系,表,结构,（,SVP,）,=,主语,+,连系动词,+,表语,Mr.Li,is,a good teacher,.,The movie,is,interesting/wonderful,.,He,feels,hungry,.,The flower,looks,beautiful,.,主语,Subject,:,表示句子所说的是,“什么人”,或,“什么事物”,。,也就是,动作的发出者,。,一般由,名词、代词,或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语,Predicate,:,说明主语,“做什么”,、,“是什么”,或者,“怎么样”,。,也就是,做了什么行为动作,或,处于什么状态,。,谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用,动词,。,宾语,Object,:,表示动作、行为的,对象,。,也就是,动作的接受者,。,一般由,名词、代词,或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗,咬,人,。,主语 谓语 宾语,人,咬,狗,。,主语 谓语 宾语,及物动词,是,后面可以直接跟宾语的动词,:see/hear/,drink,/eat/,I,saw,him,last week.,We,heard,the bad news,yesterday.,They,eat,bread,every day.,He,drank,a glass of milk,just now.,不及物动词,是,后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词,:laugh/smile/look/listen/,She,smiled,happily.,They,laughed,loudly.,如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助,:,She,look,at,the blackboard,carefully.,He,listened,to,his teacher,in class.,They,laughed,at,us,after the match.,什么是,及物动词,和,不及物动词,呢,?!,The doctor,listened,carefully.,The worker,ran,fast.,The boy,is fishing,.,The girl,dances,well.,The duck,is swimming,.,The woman,walks,slowly.,主,谓,结构,（,SV,）,=,主语,+,谓语动词,不及物动词,He,likes,basketball game,.,He,plays,computer games,every day.,He,played,soccer,yesterday.,He,is playing,the guitar,now.,及物动词,主,谓,宾,结构,（,SVO,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们放风筝。,They,fly,the kites.,风筝在天上飞。,The kites,fly,in the sky.,He,gave,me,a present,.,She,teaches,us,.,She,teaches,English,.,She,teaches,us,English,.,She,told,me,a story,.,及物动词,主,谓,双宾,结构,（,SVOiOd,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,间接宾语,+,直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,(A)buy/build/catch/cut,choose/cook/find/get/keep/make/draw/do,He bought me a new bike.,也可以改为,for,sb,.,的句式,He bought a new bike,for,me.,(B)give/take/send/bring/teach/show/tell/pay,/,write/read/sell/lend/pass/return/throw/offer/hand,She lent me a book.,也可以改为,to,sb,.,的句式,She lent a book,to,me.,主,谓,宾,宾补,结构,（,SVOC,）,=,主语,+,谓语,+,宾语,+,宾语的补足语,He,told,me,to clean my room,.,I,saw,her,dancing,.,Our teacher,asks,us,to read English,every day,.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let/make,sb,.,do,sth,.,ask/tell/want/allow/wish/get/,sb,.,to do,sth,.,expect/encourage/invite/teach,find/see/hear/watch/notice/feel,sb,.,do,sth,.,sb,.,doing,sth,.,help,sb,.,(to)do,sth,.,hope,和,welcome,比较特殊我们可以说,:,I,hope,to visit your school.,I,hope,that you can visit our school.,I,wish,you to visit our school.,Welcome,to visit our school.,You are,welcome,to visit our school.,Welcome,to our school.,但不可以说：,I,hope,/,welcome,you,to visit our school,.,主语 谓（不及物动词）,She came,/My,father laughed.,主语 谓（及物动词）宾语,She likes English.,主语 系动词 表语,She is happy,主语 ,谓,间接宾语 直接宾语,She gave John a book,She bought a book for me.,主语 谓 宾语 宾语补语,She makes her mother angry,The teacher asked me to read the passage.,总结,：简单句,5,种基本句型,1,主系表型,She,is,a very good girl,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),The girl,is,very good,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),2,主谓型,_,式,:,They,laughed,.,The kites,fly,in the sky.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,词,),_,式,:,I,bought,a new bike,.,He,plays,volleyball.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,),_,式,:,She,told,me,a story,.,He,gave,me,a good book,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),_,式,He,asked,me,to help him,.,He,made,me,happy,.,(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,语,)(_,词,)(_,语,)(_,语,),原来也蛮简单的哦,!,我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分,1,主系表型,She,is,a very good girl,.,(,主语,)(,连系动词,)(,表语,),The girl,is,very good,.,(,主语,)(,连系动词,)(,表语,),2,主谓型,主谓式,:,They,laughed,.,The kites,fly,in the sky.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,),(,主语,)(,谓语动词,),主谓宾式,:,I,bought,a new bike,.,He,plays,volleyball.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,),主谓宾宾式,:,She,told,me,a story,.,He,gave,me,a good book,.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语,),主谓宾宾补式,He,asked,me,to help him,.,He,made,me,happy,.,(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语补足语,)(,主语,)(,谓语动词,)(,宾语,)(,宾语补足语,),keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very beautiful.,It is beautiful music.,主系表,He is playing happily.,判断这些句子的类型并,理解,be,动词的双重身份,（连系动词,助动词）,Exercises:,把下列简单句按基本句型分类：,No body is here.,2,.He passed me a cup of tea.,3.Tom doesnt know the pop star.,4.My,mother stays at home.,5,.The milk tastes good.,6,.The car caught fire.,7,.The teacher has told me the,fact.8,.He is reading a book.,9,.He gave me a lecture yesterday.,10,.She is very friendly.,11.I can swim.12,.I have had a good time.,13.I found him talking.,14,.This English book is very interesting.,主,+,谓：,(),主,+,谓,+,宾：,(),主,+,系,+,表：,(),主,+,谓,+,双宾：,(),主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补：,(),4,11,3,6,8,12,1,5,10,14,2,7,9,13,