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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,根据语境感悟其用法,Customers prefer buying superior,quality,products at a reasonable price.,顾客喜欢购买物美价廉的产品。,quality,n,.,U,&,C,质量，品质，特征,链接,qualify,vt.,使,(,某人,),具有,资格,qualified,adj.,称职的，合格的,qualification,n.,资格，资历,quality,n,.,U,&,C,质量，品质，特征,活用,根据汉语意思，完成英文句子,(1),质量对于一个企业来说是非常重要的。,_means a lot to a business.,(2),如今，老师们更注重素质教育。,Nowadays,teachers pay more attention to_,_.,(3),他是粗鲁了一点，但还是有许多优秀品质。,He has many _ despite his apparent rudeness.,Quality,quality,education,good qualities,devote,vt.,献身；专心于,(,常与,to,连用，,to,是介词,),根据语境感悟其用法,Ive decided to,devote,myself to the nation after finishing my study.,我已经决定学成后报效祖国。,链接,devoted,adj.,忠实的；深爱的,devotion,n,挚爱；关爱；关照,短语,devote oneself/ones energy/time/attention to(doing)sth.,奉献于,；献身于,devote,vt.,献身；专心于,(,常与,to,连用，,to,是介词,),devote,vt.,献身；专心于,(,常与,to,连用，,to,是介词,),活用,用所给词的正确形式填空,(1),她是一位贤妻良母。,She is a good wife and a,_,(devote)mother.,(2),我们被他们的献身精神深深感动。,We were deeply moved by their _(devote),(3),他把毕生精力都奉献在做科学研究上。,He devoted his whole life to _(do)scientific research.,devoted,devotion,doing,根据语境猜词义,(1),She may over 80,but she still very,active,.,(2),She has been,active,in raising money for the new school building for Hope Project.,active,adj.,根据语义找匹配,A.,积极的,B.,喜欢运动；爱好运动,B,A,链接,act,n.&v,.,行为，举动，行动,action,n,.,行为，做法,activity,n,.,活动,actor/actress,n,.,男,/,女演员,activist,n.,积极分子；活动家,active,adj.,active,adj.,短语,be active in,在,方面活跃，积极参加,take an active part in,积极参加,take action to do sth.,对,采取行动,活用,用,act,的适当形式填空,(1),He takes an _ part in the fighting against pollution and take a firm and effective _to prevent pollution.,(2),We are always _in out,of,class _ every day.,(3),I cant tell whether it is an _ volcano.,active,adj.,active,action,active,activities,active,根据语境猜词义,(1),Its a,reward,for virtue.,(2),It is unfair that he gets very little in,reward,for his,hard work.,(3),How can I,reward,your kindness?,reward,n.&vt.,根据语义找匹配,A.,酬谢,B.,报酬；酬金,C.,回报,C,B,A,短语,in reward(for),in return(for),作为,(,对,的,),报酬、报答,give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.,为,给某人报酬、赏金,reward sb.for(doing)sth.,因,报答,/,奖赏某人,reward sb.with sth.for sth./doing sth.,用,报答,/,奖赏某人,reward,n.&vt.,辨析,reward/award/prize,reward,表示“奖赏，酬谢”,动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语,名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。,award,作名词指正式或官方“给予，颁发，授予,(,奖章，奖金等,)”,，也可以指法庭裁决；作动词可以构成,award sb.sth.,句型，表示“把某物授予,/,判给某人”。,prize,只能作名词，表示“奖赏，奖金，奖品”，尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。,reward,n.&vt.,巧记：,reward,与,award,也可从结构上区分：,reward sb.for sth.,award sb.sth.,reward,n.&vt.,活用,单项填空,(1),His movie won several _ at the film festival,which was beyond his wildest dream.,A.rewards B.awards,C.prizes D.gains,解析,考查名词语义辨析。根据语境，它注重的是对工作成就上的奖励，所以答案是,B,。,reward,n.&vt.,B,活用,单项填空,(2),We will offer a(n)_ of ten thousand dollars for information about the case.,A.award B.prize,C.reward D.praise,解析,考查名词语义辨析。根据语境，它侧重对做某事的奖赏，所以答案是,C,。,reward,n.&vt.,C,活用,单项填空,(3),The girl got nothing in _ for her kindness,which made her very sad.,A.prize B.award,C.medals D.reward,解析,考查名词语义辨析和搭配。按照句意应该是做好事的报答，,in reward for,为,报答。,reward,n.&vt.,D,根据语境猜词义,(1),Are you,equal,to(doing)the task?,(2),Yao Ming is a basketball player without,equal,in China.,(3),None of us can,equal,her in diligence.,(4),All people are born,equal,.,equal,adj.,根据语义找匹配,A.,比得上,B.,同等,/,相等的人或物,C.,胜任,D.,平等的,答案,(1)C,(2)B,(3)A,(4)D,equal,adj.,短语,be equal to,与,相等,be equal with,与,平等,be equal to sth./doing sth.,胜任某事,/,做某事,句型,A equals B.,A,等于,B,。,be without equal/have no equal,无与伦比,equal,adj.,活用,根据语境用,equal,的恰当形式填空,_ pay for _ work.Thats our rule.If we,cant treat every client _,，,we will break the,_ in our company.,equal,adj.,Equal,equal,equally,equality,be fit,与,be equal,都有“适合于”的意思，它们,的区别是什么？,从下面例子中对比感悟：,He is well,educated,so he is fit for the job.,He is well,educated,so he is fit to do the job.,He is well,educated,so he is equal to the job.,He is well,educated,so he is equal to doing the job.,equal,adj.,答案,它们句式搭配不一样：,be fit for,n./to do sth.,be equal to,n./doing sth.,equal,adj.,根据语境猜词义,(1),They managed to,escape,from the enemy soldiers and flee to Switzerland.,(2),The back seat passengers,escaped,death by inches.,(3),Ive met him before,but his name,escaped,me.,escape,vi.,根据语义找匹配,A.,逃脱,B.,避开,C.,记不起来,C,B,A,短语,escape from,从,逃脱；逃避,escape death,死里逃生,escape ones notice,没注意,narrow escape,九死一生,句型,There is no escaping the fact that,不可否认的是,escape,vi.,活用,单项填空,Mike often attempted to escape _ whenever he,breaks traffic regulations.,A.having been fined B.to have been fined,C.to be fined D.being fined,答案,考查非谓语动词。,escape,后只接动名词。又由于非谓语动词的动作并不发生在,escape,之前，所以答案是,D,。,escape,vi.,D,lose heart,丧失勇气或信心,No matter what you do,never,lose heart.,不管你做什么，千万不要失去信心。,短语,lose(ones)face,失去面子,lose ones heart to,爱上，钟情于,lose ones temper,生气；发脾气,lose ones life,献出生命；丧生,lose ones way,迷路,短语,lose courage,丧失勇气,lose weight,减肥,lose sight of,看不见,lose touch with,与,失去联系,lose heart,丧失勇气或信心,活用,翻译句子,(1),不要失去信心，一切都会好起来的。,_,(2),她喜欢上了一位年轻士兵。,_,She lost her heart to a young soldier.,lose heart,丧失勇气或信心,Dont lose heart,and all will turn out well.,活用,单项填空,(3),In order not to _,，,he spent the whole night,preparing for the speech of next day.,A.lose courage B.lose heart,C.lose face D.lose voice,lose heart,丧失勇气或信心,C,解析,考查动词短语的辨析。,lose courage,丧失勇气；,lose heart,灰心，泄气；,lose face,丢脸；,lose ones voice,失声。根据语境：为了不丢面子，他花了一晚上的时间准备第二天的演讲。所以答案是,C,。,in trouble,处于困境中，有麻烦,My friends didnt desert me when I was,in trouble,.,我朋友在我身处困境的时候没有抛弃我。,短语,ask for/look for/borrow trouble,自找麻烦，自讨苦吃,be/get out of trouble,摆脱困境,get into trouble,遇到麻烦,in trouble,处于困境中，有麻烦,短语,have trouble(in)doing sth.,做某事有困难,take great trouble to do sth.,不辞劳苦做某事,put sb.to the trouble of doing sth.,给某人增添做某事的麻烦,in trouble,处于困境中，有麻烦,活用,根据汉语意思，完成英文句子,(1),他乐于帮助那些有困难的人。,He is ready to help those who are _.,(2),你在这里找路难吗？,Did you _ your way here?,(3),你一定费了很大劲才解出这道数学难题。,You _ to work out,this maths problem.,in trouble,have any trouble finding,must have taken a lot of trouble,we were put into a position,in which,we had either to accept we were less important,or fight the government.(P,34,),我们被置于这样一种境地，或者是被迫承认我们低人一等，或者是与政府作斗争。,这是一个主从复合句，,in which,引导定语从句，修饰先行词,position,。类似的名词还有,situation,stage,case,等。这一结构是“介词关系代词,which/whom”,，在定语从句中充当时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词,when,where,和,why,，如：,He is the boss of the restaurant where(,in which,)we often have lunch.,Today when(,on which,)the product will be put into use will come soon.,The reason why(,for which,)he was late for school was unbelievable.,链接,(1),关系代词前介词的选择,最快捷的方式是把先行词代入到从句中的状语,位置，加什么介词使从句正确，我们就用什么介词。,活用,单项填空,(1),Never shall I forget the day _ we worked together in the country.,(2),Never shall I forget the days _ we worked together in the country.,A.that B.as,C.on which D.in which,解析,由于,the day,和,the days,都无法直接代入到从句中充当主语或宾语，我们就把它放在状语的位置，题,(1),加介词,on,构成,on the day,，所以答案是,C,。题,(2),加介词,in,构成,in the days,，所以答案是,D,。,C,D,链接,(2),关系词的选择,完全取决于先行词。当先行词是人时，就用,whom;,当先行词是物时，就用,which,。,活用,单项填空,(3),The person with_ I talked is our new teacher.,(4),By nine oclock,，,all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,above _appeared a rare rainbow soon.,A.whom B.what,C.that D.which,解析,考查“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句。题,(1),，由于先行词是人，所以答案是,A,；题,(2),，由于先行词是,the top,，指物，所以答案是,D,。,A,D,链接,(3)“,不定代词,of,whom/which”,与“不定代词,of,them”,它们的选择有两种情况：一是看后一部分是 不,是句子，不是就用“不定代词,of,them”,构成独立,主格结构。二是后一部分构成句子，这时我们就要看,其前是否有连词，有，就用“不定代词,of,them”,；,没有且是逗号，就用“不定代词,of,whom/which”,。,活用,单项填空,(5),(2010,浙江,),The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people,many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.,(6),The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people and many of _ left their village homes for a better life in the city.,A.whom B.which,C.them D.those,A,C,解析,考查定语从句与并列句的辨析。句意为：这里居住着将近,1000,人，他们中的许多人都背井离乡去城市追求更好的生活。题,(5),由,many,之后的逗号和选项特征可知，此处是主从句关系，排除,C,、,D,项。由于先行词是“,1,000 people”,，表示人，故用,whom,，所以答案是,A,。,题,(6),由于两句之间有,and,连接，是并列句，所以答案是,C,。,活用,单项填空,链接,(4)“the,n.,of which”,或“,of which,the,n,”结构,一般说来，,whose,n.,都可以转化为“,the,n.,of which”,或“,of which,the,n,”结构。,活用,单项填空,(7)(,2010,江苏,)The newly,built caf,，,the walls of_ are painted light green,is really a peaceful place for us,specially after hard work.,A.that B.it,C.what D.which,解析,考查定语从句。由句意可知它所表示的是“咖啡屋的墙”，构成,whose walls,，它可以转化为,the walls of which,或,of which the walls,，所以答案是,D,。,D,only,then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(P,34,),.,只是在那时我们才决定以暴制暴。,only,放在句首且后接状语,(,副词,/,介词短语,/,状,语从句,),时，要使用部分倒装，即将主句助动词、情,态动词或系动词放在主语前。,Only,yesterday did his father tell him the truth,which was a big surprise to him.,昨天他父亲才把真相告诉他，这对他真是个令人吃,惊的消息。,Only,by shouting was he able to make people on,the other side of the river hear him.,他只有靠大声喊才能使河对岸的人们听到他的声音。,Only,when we make more effort,can we catch up,with others.,只有我们加倍的努力，我们才能赶上别人。,活用,单项填空,(1),Only then _ how much damage had been caused.,A.she realized B.she had realized,C.had she realized D.did she realize,解析,“,only,状语”放在句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装，再根据时间,then,判断主句应用一般过去时，所以用,did she realize,。,D,活用,单项填空,(2),_ by keeping down cost will PowerData hold its advantage over other companies.,A.Only B.Just,C.Still D.Yet,解析,4,个选项中，只用“,only,状语”放在句首时，主句才用部分倒装。,A,I felt bad,the first time,I talked to a group.,(P,38,),第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。,句中的,the first time,是连词引导时间状语从句，,表示“第一次,”,They fell into love,the first time,they came across,each other.,他们第一次邂逅就相爱了,/,他们一见钟情。,辨析,the first time/for the first time,the first time,是连接词，引导时间状语从句。,I was deeply touched the first time I read his story.,for the first time,是介词短语充当状语。,I met him at the school gate for the first time.,巧记：,后接从句就用,the first time;,后没有从句就用,for the first time,。,链接,(1),名词或名词短语作连词，引导时间状语从,句的有：,the moment;the minute;the instant,表示：,“一,就,”,，相当于,as soon as,。相似用法的,还有：,every time,每次,/,回,就,each time,每当,时,next time,下次,时,any time,(,在,),任何时间,(2),有时副词或副词短语也可充当连词，引导,时间状语从句，它们是：,instantly,immediately,directly,等，都相当于,as soon as,。,by the time,引导,时间状语从句，表示“到了,时候就,”,链接,活用,单项填空,(1),_ they visited our school,they showed great interest in everything they saw.,A.The first time B.For the first time,C.At first D.At the first time,翻译句子,(2),每次我去找他，他都在专心看书。,_,Each time I visit him,he is reading the book attentively.,A,句子的扩展，就是在名词前后加上前置或后置定语，在动词、形容词或副词前后加上适当的状语，或增加修饰整个句子的状语，等等。其目的是使结构形式更饱满、内容表达更加清楚、语言表达更生动。练习句子的扩展，有助于循序渐进地实现由句到段的过渡。,例题,1,：,对,The boy cried.(,主语谓语,),一句进行扩展，可得到：,a.,The,small,boy,in red sweater,cried.(,画线部分为定语,),b,.,Losing sight of his mother,the small boy in red sweater cried,in the crowded street,.(,画线部分为状语,),例题,2,：,对,We found the great hall full of students and teachers.(,主语谓语宾语补语,),一句进行扩展，可得到：,a.,We found the great hall full of students and teachers,listening to an important report,.(,画线部分为定语,),例题,2,：,对,We found the great hall full of students and teachers.(,主语谓语宾语补语,),一句进行扩展，可得到：,b.,We found the great hall full of students and teachers listening to an important report,made by a comrade from the,Peoples Daily,on current affairs in East Europe,.(,画线部分为定语,),例题,3,：,对,People are in favor of this phenomenon.(,主语系动词表语,),一句进行扩展，可得到：,a.,A,majority,of,the,people,(who,are),involved,in,the,discussion,are in favor of this phenomenon.(,画线部分为定语,),例题,3,：,对,People are in favor of this phenomenon.(,主语系动词表语,),一句进行扩展，可得到：,b.,A majority of the people(who are)involved in the discussion are in favor of this phenomenon,saying,that,it,can,create,a,more,comfortable,study,environment,for,students.,(,画线部分为状语,),简单句扩展后，增加了可读性，使读者知道了更多的信息，增强了感染力。,活用,按要求对下列句子进行拓展,1.,The woman handed me a magazine.(,至少含有一个不定式短语，一个现在分词短语,),In order to help me kill the time,the old woman sitting beside me handed me a magazine to read during the long boring journey.,活用,按要求对下列句子进行拓展,2.,Students buy books.(,至少含有非谓语动词、介词短语和从句作定语,),The diligent students in our class often buy some books written in English on science,which are really well worth reading.,活用,按要求对下列句子进行拓展,3.,Students work hard.(,至少含有非谓语动词、介词短语和从句作状语,),In order to improve their academic performance,students work hard in the classroom so they forget to go out after class.,
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