高考英语 定语从句教学课件2 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,定语从句,（一）,第一部分,定语从句定义及概述,什么是定语从句,孔乙己是,站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的,人。,The old man lives in a,small but cozy,house.,这位老人住在一个不大但很温馨的房子里。,The bridge,being built,will be completed in three,months.,The computer,damaged seriously,belongs to my uncle.,The conference,to be held,next weekend is very,important.,【,定语在句子中的位置,】,一个,正在过街的,人人喊打的,白色的,漂亮的,小,老鼠死了。,I saw a big dog chasing a cat which was chasing a rat which had eaten the bread which I bought from the nearby shop which was run by Mr.Baker who was once a soldier.,Tom is the only student,who has passed the driving test,.,They have prepared for everything,that is needed,in the party.,The Smiths live in a house,which was built more than 200 years ago,.,【,什么是定语从句？,】,The boy,whose father is an engineer,won the first prize in the game show.,We are living in a village,around which grow many trees and flowers,.,The old man has three daughters,all of whom are teachers,.,Later,，,I met my second math teacher,from whom I learned a lot,.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,(1),定语从句：在复合句中作定语修饰主句中某一名,词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,(2),先行词：被定语从句修饰的词，叫做先行词。,(3),关系词：分为关系代词和关系副词，在从句中担当一定成分。,I will never forget,the girl,that,I met yesterday in the street.,定语从句两个必须,先行词在从句中,必须,作一个成分；,先行词所作的成分,必须,空缺。,【,指点迷津,】,第二部分,关系代词引导的定语从句,项目,关系词,关系词,先行词所指,关系词在从句中的作用,关系代词,that,人,/,物,主语、宾语、表语,which,物,/,事,主语、宾语、表语,who,人,主语、宾语,whom,人,宾语,whose,人,/,物,定语,as,人,/,物,/,事情,主语、宾语、表语,1.,关系代词,that,的用法,用法,：既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表,语，作宾语时常可省略。,1)This is the factory that produces cars.,(,作主语,指物,),2)The girl that spoke to me just now is my classmate.(,作主语,指人,),3)The film(that)we saw yesterday is interesting.(,作宾语，指物,),2.,关系代词,which,的用法,用法,：指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时,常可省略。,1)China is a country,which,has a long history.(,作主语,),2)The car(,which,)my uncle had just bought was destroyed in the earthquake.(,作宾语,),关系代词,that,的特权和禁区,1.,特权：行使特权的条件：,（,1,）限定性定语从句；,（,2,）介词没有提前。,2.,禁区：,有两种情况下，关系代词不会用,that,指物时用,which,；指人,时用,who/whom,。,（,1,）非限定性定于从句；,（,2,）介词提前时。,【,名师指津,】,【,特别提醒,】,(1),先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰。,This is the best book,that,I have ever read.,(2),先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰。,The first book,that,I bought was about how to learn English.,(3),先行词是,all,much,little,none,few,等不定代词或由,some,any,every,no,等词构成的复合代词时）,I did all,that,I could do at that time.,There was little,that,the doctor could do for the patient.,只用,that,不用,which,的情况：,(4),当先行词被,the only,the very,修饰时。,The only thing,that,he can do is to say sorry to her.,（,5,）先行词既有人又有物。,Do you know the things and persons,that,they are talking about?,（,6,）主句已有疑问词,who/which,时。,Which is the book,that,you like?,Who is the woman,that,was praised at the meeting?,Which is the T-shirt,that,fits me most?,（,7,）当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系词在从句中也作表语时。,He is no longer the man,that,he was ten years ago.,【,典题例证,】,The thought of going back home was _,kept him happy while he was working abroad.,A,that B,all that,C,all what D,which,只用,which,不用,that,引导定语从句的情况：,1.,当关系代词前有介词时。,A desert is a great plain,in which,nothing will grow.,2.,引导非限制性定语从句时。,The students was late for class 7 times a week,which,made her teacher mad.,3.,一个句子中有两个定语从句时，为避免重复，一个用,that,，另一个宜用,which,。,4.,当先行词本身是,that,时。,That which I had known about made them surprised.,用法,：,指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时常可省略。,1)I know the man,who,spoke to you just now.(,作主语,),2)She is not the girl,who,she was.(,作表语,),3.,关系代词,who,的用法,.,4.,关系代词,whom,的用法,用法,：指人，,who,的宾格，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略，在口语中可用,who,或,that,代替。,1)Here is the man(,whom,)you are looking for.,2)The woman(,whom,)you saw just now is our English teacher.,【,特别提醒,】,关系代词,who,和,whom,的选择,Mr.Smith is the very man,who/whom,you are,looking for.,I have a friend,who,likes listening to classical music.,Is that the man with,whom,you arrived yesterday?,5.,关系代词,whose,的用法,用法,：,可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作定语。,1)This is the scientist,whose,name,is known all over the world.(,指人,),2)The room,whose windows,face the east is mine.(,指物）,关系代词,whose,的选择,The man,whose,wallet was stolen called for the police for help.,The boy,whose,father is a teacher has been,admitted to Oxford University.,The house,whose,windows are mostly broken,belongs to my uncle.,The tree,whose,branches are basically bare,dates back to 200 years ago.,【,名师指津,】,I was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a city_ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.,【2009,湖南高考,】,which B.of which C.that D.whose,was born in New Orleans,Louisiana,a city,the,name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.,【,典题例证,】,2.A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.,【2009,天津高考,】,A.who B.whom,C.whose D.whoever,6.,关系代词,as,的用法,用法,：既可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。它常用在,the sameas,suchas,asas,等句型中,as,不能省略。,（,1,）,Such,teachers,as,know Tom think him bright.(,指人，作主语,),（,2,）,Ill buy,the same,dictionary,as,you have.(,指物，作宾语,),关系代词,as,的选择,一、当先行词中有,so,such,等修饰语时；如：,This is,so,good a book,as,I can hardly tear myself,away from.,Never promise,such,things,as,you cant achieve.,This is so good a movie _ we all wish to see.,This is so good a movie _ we all wish to see it.,as,that,【,名师指津,】,二、当定语从句置于句首时；如：,As,is known to all,the earth travels around the sun once every year.,As,we had expected,the students who had cheated in the exams were punished.,_ is known to all that the earth travels around the sun once every year.,A.As B.It C.That D.What,三、当先行词中有,the same,修饰时，有时用,that,也有时用,as,来引导定语从句。二者意思稍有不同。如：,This is,the same,shirt,as,I wore yesterday.(,这件衬衣和我昨天穿的那件一样。意思是说并不是同一件。,),This is,the same,shirt,that,I wore yesterday.(,这是我昨天穿的那件衣服。同一件衣服。,),The students in New York are using,the same,textbooks,as,we are using.,关系代词的省略,有两个条件：,一、限定性定语从句；,二、作宾语或表语。,Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.,（,2006,北京高考）,A.who;,不填,B.,不填,;who,C.who;who D.,不填,;,不填,【,思路点拨,】,【,典题例证,】,Thank you,