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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,专题突破系列(一),单项填空之,“,删、补、还,”,三招御敌,【,典题示例,】,.,试着用删除法选出题目答案。,1.(2012,重庆高考,)Before you quit your job,_ how your family would feel about your decision.,A.consider B.considering,C.to consider D.considered,【,点拨,】,结合选项来分析句子结构,逗号前为时间状语从句,如果删除,后面句子实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知,,A,选项符合题意。故选,A,。,2.(2010,安徽高考,)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.,A.where B.that C.when D.which,【,点拨,】,考查强调句型。迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句,that she had bought in the village,。如果能很快发现,that she had bought in the village,其实是一个冗余成分并删除,答案就一目了然了。故选,B,。,【,点津,】,从以上两题可知在单项填空题中,通过分析句子成分或结构不难发现有些成分是冗余的,只要删除就能轻松找到答案,此法为删除法。,.,试着用补全法选出题目答案。,1.(2010,浙江高考,)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if _ regularly,can improve our health.,A.being carried out B.carrying out,C.carried out D.to carry out,【,点拨,】,考查省略句式。句意:这项实验表明,适当的运动,如果有规律地进行,能够有助于我们的身体健康。当主从句主语一致时,从句可以使用省略形式,即“连词,v,.-,ing,/,v,.-ed”,形式。本句中,if,条件状语从句省略了,they are,,补全后可知用被动,所以答案选,C,项。,2.(2009,湖南高考,)Every evening after dinner,if not _ from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.,A.being tired B.tiring,C.tired D.to be tired,【,点拨,】,考查省略句式。在,if,引导的条件状语从句中,从句补全后应为,if I am not tired from work,,根据省略的原则,答案显而易见为,C,项。,【,点津,】,以上两题均为省略句式,需要补全句子成分才可以找到正确答案,此法为补全法。,.,试着用还原法选出题目答案。,1.(2012,湖南高考,)Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered.,A.what B.in what,C.which D.in which,【,点拨,】,考查定语从句。句意:对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程,在这个过程中,甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑。还原句子,even the small details of life should be considered in a gradual process,可知定语从句与先行词之间用,in,,意为“在,的过程中”,故用,in which,引导定语从句,,which,指代前面的,process,。故选,D,。,2.(2011,全国卷,)The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.,A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen,【,点拨,】,考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。句意:接下来他看到的是烟从房子的后面冒出来。,rise(,升起来,),和,see(,看到,),这两个动作是同时发生的,因此选择现在进行时表示非谓语动词动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。还原句子为,the smoke was rising.,。故答案为,B,。,【,点津,】,从以上两题可以看出:在单项填空题中通过变化句子结构来干扰学生,此类试题可以通过还原句子,用正常句式来突破,此种方法为还原法。,【,专家支招,】,1.,为何用删除法?命题人通过添加插入语、限定语、定语从句、同位语等成分,增加了句子的复杂程度,造成学生的视觉差异,从而导致思维错位,产生误导。,巧用删除法,:,去掉多余信息,(,插入语、限定语、倒装句、定语从句、同位语、非正常语序和强调句等,),,答案就显而易见了。,2.,为何用补全法?省略句很容易影响学生对句子结构的准确把握。典型的省略句有:不定式的省略、状语从句的省略、句子谓语的省略、主谓语的省略及强调句型的省略等。,教你用补全法,:,把省略的句子结构补充完整,干扰因素也就随之消失,答案也就容易判断了。,3.,为何用还原法?命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常语序,造成搭配上的假象,从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性,极易导致学生上当。,活用还原法,:,把主从复合句还原为两个简单句;把疑问句还原为陈述句;把强调句结构还原为普通句式结构;把倒装结构还原为正常结构;把被动结构还原为主动结构等。,
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