(全国Ⅱ)2 课件.ppt

S B ,Units 12,.,高频单词聚焦,1,adj,.,诚实的；正直的,2,adj,.,忠诚的；忠心的,3,n,.,锤子；槌,4,n,.,解答；解决办法；,解决方案,5,adj,.,古典的；古文,学的,honest,loyal,hammer,solution,classical,6,n,冒险,&,v,t,.&,v,i,.,7,n,.,火柴,8,v,t,.,幸免于；从,中,生还,v,i,.,幸存,9,adj,.,荒芜的；荒废的,10,n,.,错误；差错,adventure,match,survive,deserted,error,11,v,t,.&,v,i,.,分享；共有；分配,.,共享；份额,12,n,.,触觉；知觉；感觉；,情绪,13,n,.,悲哀；悲痛,14,n.,演说；讲话；语音,15,adj,.,英俊的；大方的,share,feeling,sorrow,speech,handsome,16,dj,.,宽的,17,v,.,交换；兑换,18,n,.,服务,19,v,&adj,.,整理；整齐的,20,adj,.,独立自主的,exchange,broad,tidy,independent,service,21,n,.,短语；表情,22,n,.,信号,23,v,.,出版；发表,24,v,.,比较,25,v,.,发音；宣告,26,n,.,多数,27,v,.,替换,28,v,&n,.,重复,29,n,.,情形；境遇,30,adj.&,v,.,相等的；胜任的,expression,signal,publish,compare,pronounce,majority,replace,repeat,situation,equal,.,重点短语扫描,1,在,方面敏捷，,迅速,2,喜欢；爱好,3,担心；关心,4,例如,5,给某人写信,(,通常指,短信,),be quick in/at,be fond of,care about,such as,drop,sb.a,line,6,与某人辩论某,事,7,寻找,8,为了,9,把,看做,10,记住,argue with,sb.about,sth,.,hunt for,in,orde,r to,treat.as.,keep in mind,11,别客气,12,总共,13,除了,之外,14,不睡，熬,夜,15,发生,make oneself at home,in total,except for,stay up,come about,16,_,以,告终,17,_,引进；引来,18,_,许许多多；,极多,19,_,掌握,20,_,几乎；差不,多；或多或,少,end up with,bring in,a great many,have a good knowledge of,more or less,.,课文原句突破,1,I don,t enjoy singing,，,_ _ _ _ _(,也不喜欢电脑,),【,答案,】,nor do I like computers,2,One day Chuck_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(,在飞越太平洋时,)when suddenly his plane crashes.,【,答案,】,is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean,3,In order to survive,，,Chuck _ _ _ _ _ _ _(,与一位不同寻常的朋友建立了友谊,)a volleyball he calls Wilson.,【,答案,】,develops a friendship with an unusual friend,4,Businessmen and tourists often come to China _ _ _ _ _ _(,不能讲汉语,),【,答案,】,without being able to speak Chinese,5,For a long time the language in America _ _ _(,保持不变,),，,while the language in England changed.,【,答案,】,stayed the same,6,However,，,most of the time people from the two countries _,_ _ _ _ _ _ _(,相互理解没困难,),【,答案,】,don,t have any difficulty in understanding each other,honest,adj,.,诚实的，正直的，坦诚的,an honest man,一个诚实的人,to be honest(with you),坦白说，老实告诉你,(,通常置于句首,),It is honest of,sb.to,do,sth,.(,某人,),做,是正直的,Thank you for being so honest with me.,感谢你对我这么坦诚。,To be honest,，,I don,t agree with what you said.,坦白说，我不赞成你说的。,It is very honest of you to,tell the truth.,你说出了真相，真是坦白诚实。,honesty n,诚实，正直,honestly ad,v,.,的确；以正直的方式,honestly speaking,老实说,She answered all my questions with her usual honesty.,她像平常一样老老实实地回答了我的所有问题。,Honestly speaking,，,I don,t think his work is good.,老实说，我认为他工作的不好。,1.Would you please lend me ten pounds?,_,，,I,ve,got no money with me,today.I,m so sorry.,A,To be fair,B,To be sure,C,To be careful D,To be honest,【,解析,】,在对方向,“,我,”,借钱时，,“,我,”,坦率地说出身上没钱，并表示歉意，应选,D,，意为,“,说实话，老实说,”,。,【,答案,】,D,argue,v,.,争论；主张,argue with,sb.about,(over),sth,.,同某人争论某事,argue for,/against,赞成,/,反对,argue,sb.into,/out of doing,sth,.,说服某人做,/,不做某事,argue that clause,主张，认为,an argument for,/against,sth,.,支持,/,反对某事的观点,They argued for their rights of freedom.,他们据理力争言论自由的权利。,He is always ready to argue about politics with George.,他随时准备与乔治争论政治问题。,debate with,sb.about,/over,sth,.,与某人辩论某事,quarrel with,sb.about,/over,sth,.,为某事与某人争吵,persuade,sb.to,do,sth,.,说服某人做某事,(,劝说成功,),persuade,sb.into,/out of doing,sth,.,说服某人做,/,不做某事,advise,sb.to,do,sth,.,建议某人做某事,(,劝说不一定成功,),They are debating about the punishment for criminals.,他们就如何惩处犯罪分子在进行争论。,My parents advised me not to go out alone at night.,父母建议我夜间不要单独外出。,2.All his friends argued,him_leaving,his job,，,but he insisted on having a change.,A,with B,about,C,out of D,into,【,解析,】,argue,sb.out,of doing,sth,.,意为,“,说服某人不做某事,”,。,【,答案,】,C,3,They,argued_the,matter the whole afternoon,，,and at last,agreed_the,date for the next meeting.,A,with,；,with B,on,；,on,C,about,；,on D,over,；,over,【,解析,】,本题考查点之一是短语,argue about,“,就,争论,”,，其二是,agree on,“,(,双方,),就,达成共识,”,。,【,答案,】,C,Survive,vt,.,幸免于；比,活得还长；,vi.,幸存,survive,sth,.,经历某事后还活着，幸免于,survive,sb.by,.,比某人多活,(,时间,),He survived his wife by 10 years.,他比他的妻子多活了,10,年。,Luckily the family survived the earthquake on May 12th.,很幸运，这一家人在经历了“,512,”地震后都活了下来。,Few buildings near the coast could survive after the tornado struck the area.,在龙卷风侵袭这一地区后，靠近海岸线的建筑物所剩无几。,survival n.,幸存，残存,survivor n.,幸存者，生还者,The film Titanic,is based on an experience of a survivor.,电影泰坦尼克号是根据一个幸存者的经历而摄制的。,4.He was one of the lucky people,who_the,plane crash.,A,survived B,survived in,C,survival D,survived after,【,解析,】,survive,是及物动词，意为,“,幸免于,”,，后接宾语。,【,答案,】,A,share v.,共用；分享,;n.,份额,share,sth.with,(between,，,among)sb.,与,共用,share,sth.(out,)between/among,和,分享；把,分给,share(in),sth,.,有同样的感情,(,或想法、经历等,),；共同承受,(in,后跟抽象名词,),take/bear one,s share of,负责某人的一份,We shared the pizza between the four of us.,我们四个人把那份比萨饼分着吃了。,Would you like to share your experience with the rest of the group,？你愿意把你的经验告诉组里的其他人吗？,She,shares(in)my,troubles as well,as(in)my,joys.,她和我苦乐共享。,spare time/money for sb.,为,抽出时间,(,钱,),spare,sb.time,/money,spare no pains,/effort doing/,to do,不遗余力地做,Can you spare me a few minutes of your time?,我能耽搁你几分钟吗？,5.Let Harry play with your toys as well,，,Clareyou must learn to_.,A,support B,care,C,spare D,share,【,解析,】,第一句的意思是,“,克莱尔，让哈里也玩你的玩具,”,，后一句对前句进行解释，进一步申明,“,你必须学会分享,”,，所以动词,share,符合题意。,【,答案,】,D,6,Five years ago,，,no one could imagine that the company was to hold such a,great_in,the world market.,A,share B,trade,C,majority D,view,【,解析,】,句意为：五年前，谁也没想到那家公司会在国际市场上占有这么大的,“,份额,(share),”,。,【,答案,】,A,equal,v.,，,adj.&n,.,同等；平等的；相等的人或物,equal sb.,/,sth.in,在,方面与某人,/,某物相等,be equal to(doing),sth,.,与,相等；胜任,on equal terms with sb.,与某人地位相等,one,s equal at skiing,滑雪对手,equally,ad,v,.,平等地；,equality,n,平等,None of us can equal her at present.,目前没有人比得上她。,Now that she has been promoted,，,she is on equal terms with her,ex,boss,.,既然她已晋级，就和原先的上司平起平坐了。,In fact teaching experience is equally as valuable as theory.,事实上教学经验与理论同样有价值。,be similar to,与,相似,be the same.as,像,一样,be superior to,比,优秀；优于,be junior to,比,年龄小,be senior to,比,年龄大,As we know,，,this cloth is superior to that.,我们知道，这种布比那种好。,7.They are,of_height,，,but I think,Mary_the,job.,A,equally,；,is equal,B,equal,；,is equal to,C,equal,；,equals,D,equally,；,is,equalled,【,解析,】,be equal to the job,称职，其中,to,是介词；,equal,为形容词，修饰名词,height,。,【,答案,】,B,8,In learning a language,，,it is important to build up your,vocabulary._important,is to master some reading skills.,A,Equally B,Generally,C,Similarly D,Namely,【,答案,】,A,alone,adj.&adv.,独自；仅仅；只有,alone,by oneself,独自,all alone,独自，一个人,leave,/let sb./,sth.alone,听任，别打扰,let alone,更不用说,Carol felt all alone in the world.,卡罗尔感到自己在世界上无依无靠。,Man alone has the gift of speech.,只有人类有语言天赋。,I haven,t decided on the menu yet,，,let alone bought the food.,我还没有决定吃什么菜呢，更不必说买好了。,alone,与,lonely,用法比较：,alone,是表语形容词，可作后置定语、表语和补足语。,lonely,“孤独的，荒凉的”只作形容词，可作表语或定语。,You will feel lonely without friends.,没有朋友你会感到孤独。,9.,用,alone,或,lonely,正确形式填空,(1)The old man lives in,a_house,in the forest_.,(2)Though he,is_at,home,，,he,doesn,t feel_,，,for he has many things to do.,(3)The baby can,t walk,，,let_run,.,(4)Leave the machine_,；,it,s dangerous.,【,答案,】,(1)lonely,；,alone,(2)alone,；,lonely,(3)alone(4)alone,Majority,n,.,大多数；大部分,the/a majority,大多数,(,作主语时，谓语可单可复,),the/a majority of,复数名词，大多数,(,most of.),in the majority,为多数,the minority(of),少数,Obama won the general election by a majority.,奥巴马以多数票赢得了这次大选。,major adj.,主要的,(,minor,次要的,),；,v,i.,主修,(in),My father majored in,maths,at college.,我爸爸大学主修的是数学。,The majority were/was in,favour,of the plan.,多数人赞成这个计划。,Girls are in the majority in my class.,我班女生占多数。,10.,单词拼写,Dont worry about the present situation in the,world.The,m,_of,people prefer peace to war.,【,答案,】,majority,situation,n,.,地点，场合；境况，形势，处境,situation,后面可接,where(in,which),引导的定语从句，表示“处于某种局面或形势”。,in a,.situation,在,情况下,get,into(out,of)a,difficult situation,陷入,(,摆脱,),困难的状况,cope,/deal/,do with the situation,应付情况,save the situation,挽回局势,Please think of a situation where this word can be used.,请想出一个使用该词的场合。,situation,，,condition,，,state,与,circumstance,用法比较：,(1)situation,强调位置、处境、形势、局面等，它所指的地点更注重考虑周围的环境，还指抽象的、对某人或社会有影响的条件、事实、事件的总和。,(2)condition,多强调状况，指由于一定的原因、条件或环境所产生的特定情况。,(3)state,指人或物在外观、心灵、健康方面的自然“状态或情况”，常与不定冠词连用，只有单数形式，与介词,in,连用。,(4)circumstance,多指周围的情况和某事发生时的情况。,He found himself in a difficult situation.,他发现自己处境艰难。,The condition of his health prevented him from going abroad.,他的健康状况使他不能出国。,Today the patient remained in a good state on mind.,今天病人仍然心情舒畅。,Changing social and political circumstances forced him to leave the country.,正在变化的社会和政治环境迫使他离开了这个国家。,1 1.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous_.,A,states B,conditions,C,situations D,positions,【,答案,】,C,compare,v.&n,.,比较,compare.with/to,把,与,比较,compare.to,把,比做,compare notes,交换意见,beyond(without)compare,无与伦比,in(by)comparison with,与,比较起来,Compare this with that,，,and you will see which is better.,把这个和那个比较一下，你就可以看出哪个更好。,We often compare children to flowers of our country.,我们经常把孩子比做祖国的花朵。,compared to/with,和,比较,(,过去分词作状语，常放在句首或句尾,),Compared to many people,，,she was really very fortunate.,和很多人相比，她的确很幸运。,12.Production rose_10%in April,，,_the same month of last year.,A,in,；,compared to,B,by,；,compared with,C,in,；,compared with,D,by,；,comparing to,【,解析,】,表示,“,增加、减少等数量差别时,”,之意时，常用,by,，表,“,上升了,10%,”,之意。,compared to,(with),位于句尾或句首，意为,“,和,比较,”,。,【,答案,】,B,13,When_different cultures,，,we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.,A,compared B,being compared,C,comparing D,having compared,【,解析,】,考查状语从句的省略形式。现在分词的逻辑主语,we,和,compare,之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词形式，相当于：,When we compare different cultures,，,we.,句意为：当我们比较不同文化时，我们经常只注意文化的差异，而忽视了文化的很多相似之处。,【,答案,】,C,trade,n.&v,.,贸易；商业；做生意；进行交易,international trade,国际贸易,trade,sth.for,sth,.,以某物换取某物,trade,sth.with,sb.,trade,sth.with,sb.in,sth,.,同某人交换某物,He is in the furniture trade.,他从事家具贸易。,We have been trading with them in grain.,我们一直在和他们进行粮食交易。,exchange,sth.for,sth,.,用,换,exchange,sth.with,sb.,同某人交换,/,交流,in exchange for(,as an exchange for),换取,He,s giving her French lessons in exchange for her teaching him English.,他教她法语，换取她教他英语。,14.They had to _ oil _ food,，,or they would go hungry.,A,change,；,into B,exchange,；,with,C,trade,；,with D,trade,；,for,【,解析,】,trade.for.,表示,“,用,与,交换,”,，是固定搭配，它与,exchange.for.,同义。,【,答案,】,D,difficulty,n,.,困难,have difficulty(trouble)with,sth,.,就某事来说有困难,have difficulty(in)doing,sth,.,做某事有困难,There,s difficulty(in)doing,sth,.,做某事有困难,do,sth.with,difficulty,艰难地做某事,overcome one,s difficulty/difficulties,克服困难,It,s difficult(for sb.)to do,sth,.(,某人,),做某事有困难,find it difficult to do,sth,.,发现做某事有困难,Do you have any difficulty with your work?,你工作有困难吗？,I had great difficulty(in)explaining to the foreigner how to get to the Summer Palace.,我费了很大劲才向那个外国人说清楚如何去颐和园。,It,s difficult for so few people to do so much work.,要如此少的人干那么多活很困难。,have a hard time(in)doing,sth,.,做某事很艰难,take great trouble to do,sth,.,不辞劳苦做某事,The monitor took great trouble to help us out.,班长费尽周折帮我们解决困难。,15.You can hardly imagine what great difficulty we,had_the,task.,A,finish B,to finish,C,finishing D,having finished,【,解析,】,该题是,have difficulty(in)doing,sth,.,结构的变形形式。,【,答案,】,C,total n.,总数,;adj.,总的；,v.,合计,a total of,总共,in total,合计；共计,(,altogether),total(up)to,总额为,(,add up to),A total of 20,000 people visited the castle on the first day when it was open to the public.,城堡对公众开放的第一天，总共有两万人前来参观。,There were probably about 40 people there in total.,那里总共可能有,40,人左右。,the number of,的数量；,a number of,许多,add up,累计起来；,add to,增加,(,困难、友谊等,),The new building will add to the beauty of our school.,新大楼会使我校更美。,The number of our students is increasing.,我们的学生人数在增加。,16.,完成句子,His whole school education_(,总共仅有两年时间,),【,答案,】,totaled(added)up to no more than two years,in order to,为了,，以便,in order(not)to do.,为了,(,不,),做,so as to do.,为了做,(,不放句首,),to do.,为了做,(,普通用语,),in order that/so that,从句 为了,She arrived early so as to get a good seat.,她早早到场，好找个好位置。,In order not to miss such a good chance,，,Mr,Smith got up earlier than ever and caught the first bus to town.,为了不错过这次好机会，史密斯先生起得比以往都早并搭上了第一趟进城的公共汽车。,She set out early in order that she could catch the first bus.,为了赶上第一班车，他早早出发了。,so.as to do,如此,以至于做,such.as to do,如此,以至于做,He was so slow as to be caught by his enemy.,他行动那么慢，结果被敌人抓住了。,17.All these gifts must be mailed immediately_in time for Christmas.,A,in order to have received,B,in order to receive,C,so as to be received,D,so as to be receiving,【,解析,】,所有的礼物应立即被寄出去，当然是为了使它们及时被收到。,“,in order to,”,和,“,so as to,”,都表目的，但,“,receive,”,和,“,gift,”,之间应是被动关系，所以,so as to be received,对。,【,答案,】,C,except for,除了,之外,except for,用于表示对主要部分的肯定和对局部的否定。它不表示同级别事物之间的关系；,except for,后的词往往是主语的一部分或者是主语的某种属性。,Smith is a good man,，,except for his bad temper.,史密斯是个好人，只是脾气不好。,The movie was good except for its ending.,这部电影除了结局之外都很好。,Mother,wouldn,t give him any money except for books and stationery.,除了买书和文具外，妈妈不给他任何钱。,besides,，,except,，,except for,，,except that,与,apart from,用法比较：,(1)besides,表“除了,还有”的意思。语义上相当于,as well as,，,in addition to,。另外,besides,还作副词，意为“除此之外”。,(2)except/but,表示“除了,，除去,”的意思，前后主语属同一类。,All are here except Xiao Li.,除了小李外，大家都来了。,(3)except for,也表示“除了,”的意思，但主要是指“对某个事物作总体的评述之后排除其细节，”前后的内容不是同一类。在句首时常用,except for,代替,except,。,(4)except that,表示“除了,，只是,”，后跟从句。,(5)apart from,可表示“除了,以外还有”，此时,apart from,besides,，也可表示“除了,”，此时,apart from,except(for,),。,Bananas have a great deal of sugar apart from water.,香蕉除了水分之外还含有大量糖分。,18.,用,except,，,except that,或,except for,填空,(1)The wall was,bare_a,map of the world.,(2)The pair of trousers fits me,well_the,waist of it is a little too small.,(3)All the essays are,good_John,s.,(4)There was silence in the room,，,_the tick of the clock on,the wall.,【,答案,】,(1)except for,(2)except that,(3)except,(4)except for,end up,结束，告终,end up with,用,来结尾，以,来结束,end up in,以,(,状况,),而告终,end up as,最后成了,，最后是,其中,up,可以省略，后接,with,，强调用工具结束，后接,in,强调以某种状况、状态结束，接,as,指以怎样的身份结束。,The Long March ended up with victory for us.,长征以我们的胜利而告终。,If you work on like this,，,you will end up in hospital.,如果你像这样干下去，你最终会住进医院去的。,He ended up as the head of the company.,他最后成为这家公司的老板。,begin with,start with,以,开始,to begin/start with,first(of all),首先,To begin with,，,I,ll,introduce myself to every one of you.,首先，我向大家做一下自我介绍。,19.,用适当介词填空,(1)The battle,ended_a,victory.,(2)Our monitor,ended_an,excellent graduate.,(3)He ended his,letter_good,wishes to the family.,【,答案,】,(1)in,(2)as,(3)with,come about,生，产生,come about,happen/occur(,具有偶然性,),发生,How does it come about that.?,怎么会发生,这样的事情呢？,I,didn,t know how the mistake had come about.,我不知道怎么会出这样的错误。,How does it come about that he is so badly off when he earns quite a good salary,？他挣那么多钱，却那样贫穷，怎么会这样呢？,come about,，,happen,，,take place,与,break out,用法比较：,(1)come about,“发生，产生”，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由。经常与,how,连用。,(2)happen,“发生”，常用词汇，指偶然的、意外的、具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情发生。,(3)take place,“发生”，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非是偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”。,(4)break out,指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生、爆发”。,How did these differences come about?,这些差别是怎样产生的？,Luckily the earthquake,didn,t happen in the center of the city.,幸亏地震没有发生在市中心。,Great changes have taken place in our school in the past few years.,最近几年我们学校发生了很大变化。,A fire broke out during the night.,夜间突然发生了火灾。,20.It,s already ten o,clock.I wonder how it_that she was two hours late on such a short trip.,A,came over B,came out,C,came about D,came up,【,解析,】,came about,在此表示,“,发生,”,，,wonder,后接宾语从句，该从句中