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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,重庆大学版高一,(4),Unit 4,Unit 4,Three Gorges,Language,points,1.At the end of 2000,Li,his family,and 610 other people left their native place and resettled in,Guangrao,County,Shandong Province.,2000,年底，李朝华一家，还有其他,610,个村民举家迁离了他们的故乡忠县，来到了山东，在广饶县定居下来。,at the end,（,of,）,在,最后,在,尽头。根据需要可接（,of,）,后可接时间名词也可接地点名词。,如：在街道的末尾有一家医院。,There is a hospital at the end of the street.,上个月末，一直都在下雨。,It was raining at the end of last month.,辨析,in the end,at the end(of),和,by the end of,in the end,不能接,of,。相当于,finally,或,at last,如,:,最后他们登上了喜马拉雅山山顶。,In the end,they got to the top of the Himalaya Mountains.,by the end of,意为“到,为此”，常常用于完成时。如：到下周末我们将会完成这幢大楼。,By the end of,next week,we,will have finished,the building.,我们的新图书馆是在上个月末完工的。,By the end of,last month,our new library,had been built,.,联想,其他,end,短语,be at the dead end,be at an end,be at loose ends,be at ones wits end,be at the end of ones rope,be the end of,无法进展下去,结束，没有了,闲着没事干,计穷,山穷水尽,把,毁了,come to an end,draw to an end,make ends meet,odds and ends,put an end to,to the end,to this(that)end,without end,结束,(,快要,),结束,量入为出,杂七杂八的东西,结束,制止,到底,为此目的,没完没了,2.They are among the first group of evacuees moving to another province from the area of the Three Gorges Project.,他们是首批迁往外省的三峡库区移民。,(1),evacuee,the person who is evacuated(,被疏散的人,),后缀,-,ee,表示“被,的人”。,employee:the person who is employed(,被雇佣的人,),trainee:the person who is trained(,被训练的人；新兵,),trustee:the person who is trusted(,被信赖的人；可信的人,),(2)moving to another province from,是现在分词短语，作定语，,与其修饰的名词之间存在主动关系（主谓关系）,。可转换成定语从句。,=who will move go another province from,如：与会的人员都是专家和学者。,The people coming to the conference are all experts and scholars.,=The people who will come to the conference are all experts and scholars.,扩展,v-ing,v-ed,to do,都能作定语，但意义有所不同,：,1),v-ing,可作前置定语也可作后置定语，与其修饰的名词之间存在主动关系,(,主谓关系,),或表达进行意义。,The houses,being built,are for the teachers.,I have never seen a more,moving,movie.,2)v-ed,常作后置定语，强调与其修饰的名词之间存在的被动关系（动宾关系）或表达完成意义。,Things,lost,never come again.,3)to do,常作后置定语，不定式作定语与被修饰的中心词之间常表现为主谓关系或者动宾关系。侧重表达不定式的动作稍后发生。,The Browns have a comfortable house,to live in,.,The car,to be bought,is for his sister.,考题：,His first book _ next month is based on a true story.,（,2010,年陕西卷）,A.published B.to be published,C.to publish D.being published,【,解析,】,本题考查非谓语动词问题作后置定语的用法。由时间状语,next month,可知所填非谓语动词表示将来的动作,用动词不定式,其逻辑主语与,publish,之间存在动宾关系,故用不定式的被动式。,B,考题：,A great number of students _ said they were forced to,practise,the piano.(2010,四川卷,),A.to question B.to be questioned,C.questioned D.questioning,C,解析,:question,与,students,存在被动关系，,question,表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词。,考题：,Many buildings in the city need repairing,but the one _ first is the library.,（,2010,重庆卷）,A.repaired B.being repaired,C.repairing D.to be repaired,解析,:the one,指代前面提到的,buildings,与,repair,是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在,need,之后，所以用,to be repaired,。,D,考题：,This is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms.,（,2010,年上海卷）,A.reducing B.to reduce C.reduced D.reduce,B,解析,:,此处,the way to do,sth,.,表示“做某事的途径、方法”。,we can imagine,作定语,修饰,way,，前面省略了,that,。,考题：,Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.(2010,年北京卷,),A.advertised B.to be advertised,C.advertising D.having advertised,A,解析,:,我打电话来咨询一下昨天,中国日报,上刊登的职位信息。,advertise,和,position,是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词表被动,此处相当于：,which was advertised,。,考题：,The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.,A.being weighed B.to weigh C.weighed D.weighing,D,解析：逻辑主语,young children,与,weigh,之间构成主谓关系，应用,weigh,的现在分词,weighing,，相当于“,who weigh less than 40 pounds”,3.As far back as 1991 and 1992,the Chinese,Changjiang,River Water Conservation Committee and governments,at various levels in the area of the Three Gorges Project,knew that,by 2009,when the project is completed,a total of 1,084 square kilometers of land will be flooded and 125,00 people in 268 of towns and townships in 20 districts and counties will need to have been evacuated.,远在,1991,年到,1992,年这段期间，中国长江水资源保护委员会和三峡库区的各级政府就已经充分意识到，在,2009,年三峡工程完全竣工前，将有总面积约,1,，,084,平方公里的土地会被淹没，,20,个区县的,268,个镇和镇一级的,125,，,000,人需要重新安置。,(1),该句是一个很长的句子，主语部分是,the Chinese,Changjiang,River Conservation Water Committee and,goverments,;,谓语是,knew,其后带有两个宾语从句，它们是,thata total of 1,084 square have been evacuated.,when the project is completed,在句子中作定语，修饰前面的,2009.,(2)as far back as 1991and 1992,相当于,as early as 1991 and 1992,如,:,早在上世纪末，这种音乐就开始在西方国家流行。,As far back as the end of last century,this kind of music began to prevail in the west.,早在唐朝，人们就开始了这种习俗。,As far back as the Tang Dynasty,people started the custom.,(3),at various level,表示“,各级的；各个水平的；各种水平的,”,如：各个级别的人信都能适应这项工作。,People at various levels are fit for the job.,书店里销售各种层次的书。,Books at various are on sale in this bookstore.,联想,与,various,连用的短语：,various views,various shapes,for various reasons,the people of various countries,various members,various ways to the top,各种观点,不同的形状,因种种理由,各国人民,各个成员,各条登顶的路,4.The evacuation was to be carried out in two stages.,整个移民安置计划分两个阶段进行。,(1),to do,sth,是将来时的一种表达法,表示,“表示打算或即将做某事”。,如,:,我们打算和一中进行一次足球比赛。,We are to have a football match with the No.1 Middle School.,请快点，飞机即将起飞了。,The plane is to take off,hurry up,please.,联想,将来时的其他表达法：,be going to,表示打算做或准备要做某事，或将要发生或肯定要发生的事。,(,事先考虑要做某事,),-Tom is in hospital.,-Yes,I know.I am going to see him this afternoon.,We are going to have a journey to the Great Wall next month.,She said that she was going to visit Europe with her parents in the summer vacation.,她说她打算在这个暑假同父母一起到欧洲旅游。,be going to,还可以表示现在的迹象，对未来进行推断。,Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.,will/shall do(shall,只用于第一人称）表示将要发生的事，是最常用的形式。（事物固有的属性或必然趋势；临时决定要做某事）,Fish will die without water.,-You left the light on.,-Oh,so I did.I will go and turn it off.,本周末我市将有一场足球比赛。,There will be a football match in our city this weekend.,今天下午我们要去医院看望我们的老师。,We shall go to the hospital to see our teacher this afternoon.,be about to,表示即将的将来要发生某事。很少与表示将来的具体时间状语连用,但可以和,when,引导的状语从句连用。,他正要离开这时电话铃响了。,He was about to leave when the telephone rang.,我正要跳河这时有个男的对我高呼。,I was about to jump into the river when a man shouted to me.,有些表示移动的动词如,come,go,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start,fly,get,reach,等,可以用进行时表将来。,如,:,下月我们要飞往巴黎。,Next month,we are flying for Paris.,你何时去广州。,When are you getting to Guangzhou?,有些动词如：,take,have,take off,leave,start,arrive,etc.,可用一般现在时表将来，表示按照时刻表或计划将要发生的事。,如：你什么时候进行英语考试？,When do you take your English exam?,飞机每天下午三点起飞。,The plane takes off at 3:00 in the afternoon tomorrow.,在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般时表将来。,如：如果你来参加我的生日晚会，我会很高兴的。,If you come to my birthday party,Ill be very happy.,当你来时我会告诉你一切。,When you come here,Ill tell you what happened.,考题：,-Did you tell Julian about the result?,-Oh,no,I forgot.I _ her now.,A.will be calling B.will call,C.am going to call D.am to call,B,解析,:,分析四个选项可知,只有,B,项表示临时作出的决定或产生的想法。,A,项表示将来某一时刻正在发生的事,;C,项可表示预先安排好的要发生的动作,;D,项表示早就有的打算。,考题：,-Susan,you didnt come to the party last night.,-I _,but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.,A.had to B.would C.was going to D.wouldnt,C,解析,:,结合语境可判断出“我”原本打算参加晚会的，但突然想起来有作业要做,(,而没去,),，故用,was going to,表示“事先已经考虑好要做某事”,考题：,-Ann is in hospital.,-Oh,really?I _ know.I _ go and visit her.,A.didnt;am going to B.dont;would,C.dont;will D.didnt;will,D,解析,:,结合语境可知“我”之前不知道,Ann,住院了,临时决定要去看望她，因此第一空用一般过去时,第二空用,will,表示临时决定要做某事。,考题：,My parents have promised to come to see me before I _ for Africa.,A.have left B.leave C.left D.will leave,B,解析：我父母答应在我动身去非洲前来看我。由此可以看出，“动身去非洲”是一个将要发生的动作。因此时间状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。,考题：,Stand over there and you _ able to see the oil painting better.,A.are B.will be C.were D.would be,B,解析,:,此句构成“祈使句,+and/or+,陈述句”结构,其中,and/or,后的句子中的谓语常用“,will+,动词原形”。,(2)carry out,实现；完成；实行。强调结果，表示“实现”。,如：我们必须实现会议精神。,We must carry out the spirit of the conference.,既然我们已经制订了这个计划，下一步就是要认真执行了。,Since we have made the plan,next we must carry it out carefully.,工作做完我们才会停止。,We wont stop until we have carried out my plan.,联想,carry on,继续；连续。强调过程，表示“执行”。,如：尽管天色已晚，但他们还在继续赶路。,They carried on with their journey although it was very late.,尽管条件极端困难，我们必须坚持下去，直到成功。,We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions.,我们的计划必须执行下去直到将它实现。,Our plan must,be carried on,until it,is carried out,.,考题：,The meal over,the managers went back to the meeting room to _ their discussion.,（,2008,年天津高考卷）,A.put away B.take down C.look over D.carry on,D,解析：吃完饭后，经理回到会议室继续讨论。,carry on“,继续,”,的意思。,5,.,It guaranteed the closure of the dam across the,Changjiang,River.,这有力地确保了长江流域的成功,。,(1)guarantee,n.,1),保证,;,担保,;保证书,Dont forget to ask for guarantee when you buy,commodities.,当你购买商品时可别忘了索要保证书,。,The Partys correct leadership is the guarantee of our victories.,党的正确领导确保了我们的胜利,。,2,),担保品：抵押品,He offered his house as a guarantee.,他以房屋为担保,。,3,),担保人,Dont worry,I may stand guarantee for her.,别担心，我可以作她的担保人,。,(,stand guarantee for.替,担任保证人,),If you want to study abroad,you must have a guarantee.,如果你想留学的话，你必须找一个担保人,。,(,2,),vt,.,对,提出担保,My watch is guarantee for one year,.,我的表保修一年,。,As Party Members we must guarantee to carry out the Partys tasks.,作为党员,我们必须保证完成党的任务,。,Many shopkeepers guarantee satisfaction to customers.,许多店主对顾客保证满意,。,6.people gathered at the bank to see them off.,父老乡亲们齐聚岸边为他们送行。,(1)gather,vt,.,vi.,1),使,集合；聚集,The teacher gathered the pupils round her to tell them a fable.,老师把学生们聚集在她周围给他们讲个寓言故事。,We are going to gather under the clock tower and head for the picnic spot.,我们将在钟楼下集合前往野餐地点。,During the flood all the people gathered on the roof and waited for the coming of helpers.,在洪水中许多人都聚集在屋顶等待救援。,2),收集；搜集,Next we should try to gather as much information as possible on this topic.,下一步我们要就该题目尽可能多地收集信息。,3),采集；收拾；收获,Gather your toys up.,把你的玩具收拾起来。,4),推断；得出结论；了解,What did you gather from his statement?,你推想他的生命是什么意思？,I gather she won the first prize,since she came out of the hall with a crowd of reporter following her.,我猜想她是得头奖了，因为她从大厅里出来时后面跟着急着。,【,联想,】gather,所构成的常用短语,gather crops,收庄稼,gather flowers,采花,gather information on,收集某方面的信息,gather experience,积累经验,gather strength,回复体力,gather taxes,收税,gather ones brows,皱眉,gather from,从,推测，从,获悉,gather oneself up,鼓足勇气，打起精神，集中全力,辨析,gather,和co,ll,ect,都含有“收集”，“聚集”的意思，常可通用,。,g,ather,系常用词，指“收集”、“聚集,”、“,集合在一起的,，也可指把分散的东西或抽象 的东西（如信息，力量）聚集起来。,如：她根本无法整理她散乱的思绪。,She cant gather her scattered thoughts at all.,云在聚集。,The clouds are gathering.,collect,指“有计划、有选择地收集；收藏”。当我们要有计划，有条理，为某种目的而进行细致的、有选择的收集时，用,collect,不用,gather,。,如,:,当他还是一个孩子时，他就养成了集邮的习惯。,As a child he formed a habit of collecting stamps.,我叔叔收集了各种各样的古硬币。,My uncle collected various of ancient coins.,see sb.off,为某人送行,如：对不起，我不能到机场去送你了，因为我妈妈病了。,Im sorry,I cant go to the airport to see you off,because my mother is ill.,所有的学生都聚集在门口为他们的老师送行。,All the students gathered at the gate to see their teacher off.,7.As the passenger liner was pulling out,the migrants on board waved their hands to those who had not yet been evacuated,tears rolling down their cheeks.,随着客轮缓缓驶出港口，船上的移民使劲地向尚未迁移的乡亲们挥手告别，热泪早已夺眶而出。,(1)pull out (,军队,),撤离；,(,火车，船,),开出,去北京的火车每天下午三点钟出发。,The train for Beijing pulls out at 3 pm.,联合国的维和部队撤出了那个地区。,The peace-preserving army of the United Nations pulled out of the area.,抢到前头,脱身,;,逃出,(,路上车辆,),开始开动,拆毁,;,推毁；推翻,穿,戴,(,袜子，手套等,),努力实现计划,联想,pull,所构成的常用短语：,pull ahead,pull away,pull down,pull on,pull off a plan,联想,pull,所构成的常用短语：,pull for,pull in,pull oneself together,pull through,pull round,pull together,pull up,朝,驶去,;,力图到达,(,火车,),进站,;,到站,振作起来,;,冷静下来,脱离危险期,;,恢复健康,使克服困难,;,渡过难关,齐心协力,(,使,),停下,(2)tears rolling down their cheeks,是“独立主格”作伴随状语,其结构为,:,n.+,v-ing,I cant go to sleep,children singing loudly outside.,由于孩子们在外面高声歌唱,我无法入睡。,(,原因状语,),注意,“,独立主格”前往往加,with,如,:,由于老师的指导,我们的实验很快就成功了。,With the teacher instructing in the experiment,we succeeded very soon.,联想,独立主格的其他结构,:,with+,n.,/,pron.,+,介词短语,The teacher came into the classroom with a book in his hand.=The teacher came into the classroom,book in hand.,with+,n.,/,pron.,+,副词,With,Mr,Smith away,weve got more room.,with+,n./pron,.,+,不定式,With so many dishes to wash,he couldnt go out for play.,with+,n./pron,.,+,过去分词,The man was brought in,with his hands tied behind his back.,with+,n./pron,.,+,形容词,In winter I like sleeping with all windows open.,8.Even before the arrival of 150 families,the people of,Guangrao,County put the settlement of the migrant above all else.,早在这,150,户移民抵达之前,广饶人就已经把他们的安置工作当成了头等大事来抓。,put above all else/putabove anything else,意“把,.,置于重要地位,把,.,当成头等大事来抓”。,如,:,我们必须把学生的安全置于首要地位。,We must put the security of the students above all else.,人们的医疗保险应该当成大事来抓。,The medical care of the people should be put above anything else.,联想,put,常用短语,put about,put across,put aside,put away,散步,(,消息,);,宣称,解释,;,表达,节省,(,钱,时间,);,储存,以备用,;,储蓄,收好,;,放好,;,储存,(,钱,);,储存,以备用,;,储蓄,put down,put forward,put in,put off,put on,put out,put through,put up,put up with,as,sb,put it,写下,;,记下,;,控制,;,击败,;,平定,;,取缔,提出,(,意见,建议,);,推荐,;,提名,;,推举,打断,;,插嘴,;,进港,;,进入并作短暂停留,延期,;,推迟,表演,;,演出,;,上演,(,戏剧,);,穿上,;,戴上,熄灭,;,关熄,扑灭,接通电话,举起,;,抬起,;,张开,(,伞,);,张贴,;,公布,忍受,;,忍耐,;,受苦,正如某人所说,/,所表达,考题：,My mother opened the drawer to _ the,knives and spoons.(2010,年全国卷,),A.put away B.put up,C.put on D.put together,解析：我妈妈打开抽屉其目的是为了把小刀和汤匙收好。,A,考题：,Just as Professor,Scotti,often _ it,success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.(2009,年安徽卷,),A.get B.makes C.puts D.means,C,解析：,as,sb,puts it,意为,“,正如某人所说的那样”,9.They set apart land and built houses for them.They made arrangements for the children to go to school.,他们划拨出了土地为移民修建了安居房,他们为解决移民子女就读的问题做出了安排。,(1)set apart,留出,;,拨出,如,:,他们为饥饿的难民拨出了一些粮食。,They set apart some food for the hungry refugees.,他们留出了一笔款项来增添新设备。,They set apart a sum for new equipment.,联想,set,的常用短语,:,set about doing,set an example to sb.,set down,set oneself against,set free,set eyes on,着手,/,开始做某事,为某人树立榜样,放下,;,记下,;,登记,反对,;,与,对抗,释放,看见,set ones dace against,set ones mind to,set fire to,sth,.,set,sth,.on fire,set off(for),set out to do,sth,.,set sail for,set up,be set in,a set of(books),坚决反对,专心于,(,某一工作,),对,放火,/,火上加油,使,着火,动身,;,出发,(,去,),开始,/,着手,/,准备做某事,扬帆开航去,竖起,/,支起,;,建立,以,为背景,一套书,考题：,Linda,make sure the tables _ before the guests arrive.(2010,全国卷,),A.be set B.set C.are set D.are setting,C,解析：,set,意为,“,放,置”,(2)make arrangement=arrange,为,做安排,make arrangement for,为,做好安排,make arrangement for sb.to do,sth,.,为某人安排好做某事,如,:,你今天的任务是为晚会做好准备。,Your task today is to make arrangement for a party.,你的假期做好安排了吗,?Have you made arrangement for your vacation?,我们最好安排人质与家人见面。,Wed better make arrangement for the hostages to meet their family.,政府已经安排好了穷孩子上学。,The government has made arrangement for the poor children to go to school.,10.The villagers beat drums and lit firecrackers as if they were celebrating a festival.,村民们敲锣打鼓放鞭炮，像过节一样热闹。,as if=as though“,好像”，其用法如下：,(1),在通常情况下，,as if,和,as though,所引导从句的谓语动词多用虚拟语气，表示所叙述的情况与事实相反。,1),谈论现在情形的，用过去时（动词,be,用,were,也可用,was,）,。,He looked after me so well as if I,were,his wife.,他无微不至地照顾我，好像我是他妻子一样。,When I spoke to him,he gave me a glassy(,呆滞的,)look,as if he,was/were,hardly aware of my presence.,当我跟他谈话时，他呆呆的望着我，好像他不明白我。,2),谈论过去情形的动词形式有以下几种：,过去式，表示过去的状态。,He stared at me as if I were mad.,他目不转睛地盯着我，好像我是疯子一样。,过去完成时，表示过去的动作先于主句动词而发生或完成。,It was as if he had lost his last friend.,他好像失去了他最后一个朋友。,He looked
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