合同的文体特点与种类.ppt

Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Lecture Eleven,Contracts Translation,合同是为了搞好协作而拟订的一种凭证，涉及当事人经济、技术、法律等问题，因此在语言上形成了,正式严格,，,详尽准确,、,迂腐腐旧,、,复杂艰深,的特点,合 同,一、,合同的文体特点,二、,合同的种类,三、,合同中的常用语,四、,翻译合同的步骤及注意事项,合同的文体特点,1、内容上的针对性,2、,格式上的规范性,3、,句式结构的复杂性,4、,指称上的单位性,5、表达上的条理性,6、措词上的法律性,合同的格式结构,1.Preamble,（,前言,）,写明当事人的名称及缔约目的和原则等内容,2.Main Clauses,（,正文/主要条款,）,明确规定当事人的具体权利和义务、违约赔偿、争议解决、适用法律等条款,3.Concluding Clauses,（,最后条款,）,包括合同的法定地址、效力范围、有效条件、双方代表签字等,Employment Contract,Amway Company,the employer,hereby employs Richard Johnson,the employee,to perform duties as stated below,consideration for which the employer will pay the employee at the rate of US$2,000 per month,and in addition,compensate him for any other expenses incurred by him when he is carrying out his duties.,In keeping with the above-mentioned remuneration,the employee shall agree to carry out the following duties:to negotiate with Chinese authorities about the cooperation between Amway Company Limited and China;to arrange for the visits of Jimmy Ford,president,and other executives to China;to act as authorized representative in any aspect relating to the cooperation with China and to respond to any inquiries from Chinese parties.,In this employment,the employee shall act honestly,laboriously and to the best of his ability.,This contract shall take effect on January 1st,2003.If one party wants to terminate the contract,a written notice one month beforehand shall be given to another party.,Employer Employee,Amway Company Limited Richard Johnson,Amway Company Limited Richard Johnson,Preamble,Main Clauses,Concluding Clause,合同的文体特点,合同句式结构的复杂性,Technical Documentation,means,the technical literatures,drawings,pictures,tapes,etc,that,Party B possesses and has applied or developed for its own production,as well as,in its current manufacture during the validity term of the contract,for,designing,calculating,manufacturing,quality control,assembling installations,maintaining and testing,of,the Contract Products(hereinafter referred to as Documentation),文件,技术文献、图纸、照片、磁带等,乙方所持有的并在生产中加以应用和开发的技术文献、图纸、照片、磁带等,在合同有效期内仍在当前的制作过程中，,用于对合同的产品进行设计、计算、制造、质量控制、安装、维护、测试等,（以下称文件）,技术文件指的是乙方所持有的并在生产中加以,应用和开发的技术文献、图纸、照片、磁带等，,在合同有效期内仍在当前的制作过程中，用于对,合同的产品进行设计、计算、制造、质量控制、,安装、维护、测试等（以下称文件）,指称上的单位性,Both,Party A,and,Party B,agree that a technology transfer agreement shall be signed between the joint venture company and,Party X,(or,a third party,),甲、乙双方同意，由合营公司与X方（或第三方）签订技术转让协议,间接指称,the Seller,the Buyer,the Recipient Party,the Supplying,the Transferor,the Transferee,（卖方）,(买方),（受主）,（供方）,（转让方）,（受让方）,合同的种类,一、商品进出口合同,1.售货合同,2.购货合同,二、其他类型国际贸易合同,1.寄售合同,2.代理合同,3.易货合同,4.来料加工装配合同,5.补偿贸易合同,6.合作经营合同,Sales Contract,Purchase Contract,Consignment Contract,Agency Contract,Barter Contract,Processing&Assembling Contract,Compensation Trade Contract,Cooperative Venture Contract,三、国际技术、劳务合同,1.劳务合同,2.派遣专家合同,3.设计合同,4.项目安装合同,5.工程承包合同,6.许可证合同,7.空运货物转运合同,合同的种类,Service Contract,Contract for Sending Experts,Design Contract,Installation Contract,Construction Management Contract,License Contract,Air Freight Forwarder Agreement,常用语,1.break/keep a contract,2.sign a contract,3.terminate a contract,4.draw up/draft a contract,5.fulfill a contract,6.cancel a contract,7.have entered into this contract,8.Both parties have agreed to,9.The Seller shall not be responsible for,10.The contract is signed/made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers.,11.Party A shall pay Party B,12.The case shall be submitted for arbitration if,撕毁/遵守合同,签署合同,终止合同,草拟合同,执行合同,撤销合同,已签定本合同,双方已同意,卖方不负责,本合同由买卖双方签订。,甲方付给乙方,如果 应通过仲裁解决。,13.The arbitration fee shall be borne by the losing party.,14.management/employment contract,15.amend/break/cancel/carry out/draft/execute a contract,16.After friendly negotiations,both sides have entered into this contract with the following terms and conditions.,17.The Contract is made/signed/entered into by and between,18.Both sides wish to enter into this contract.,19.All disputes arising out of this contract shall be referred to the International Court of Law.,20.The representatives of Party A and Party B have agreed to conclude this Contract according to the terms and conditions stipulated below:,常用语,仲裁费应由败诉方承担。,经营管理/雇佣合同,修改/撕毁/撤销/履行/草拟/执行合同,经友好协商，双方签订以下合同。,本合同由签订,双方都希望达成本合同。,涉及本合同的一切争议将提交国际法庭裁决。,甲乙双方代表同意订立本合同，其条款如下：,Contract Translation,合同的文体特点,5、表达上的条理性,纲目 条理分明,条款 不求铺陈，但求明晰,细则 不求修饰，但求达意。,1)Payment shall be made by Party B in a week.,2)Party A shall send technicians to train Party Bs,personnel.,Payment shall be made by Party B within a week,taken the delivery.,Payment shall be made by Party B after a week,taken the delivery.,Part A shall send technicians at Party Bs expenses,to train Party Bs Personnel within 30 days after,signing the contract.,应由乙方在提货后一周内付款。,应由乙方在提货一周后付款。,甲方应于合同签订日后30天内委派技术员对乙方的,工作人员进行培训。费用由乙方负责。,Contract Translation,合同的文体特点,6.措词上的法律性,合同规定了各方的权利和义务具有法律约束,力。为了避免产生任何误解和歧义，必须行文,严谨，措词准确，具有法律文字特有的稳重性。,At the request of party B,Party A agrees to send technicians to,assist,party B to install the equipment.,In processing transactions,the manufacturers never have,title,either to the materials or to the finished products.,应乙方要求，甲方同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备。,在加工贸易中，厂方对原料和成品均无所有权。,assign construe,convene execute,Interim partake,Repatriate the said,(转让),（解释）,（召集）,（签字）,（临时）,（参加）,（遣返）,（上述的）,合同的文体特点,使用有here 或 there,或where+后缀in 或by 或after等,构成的复合词：,hereafter,hereby,herein,hereinafter,hereinbefore,hereof,hereto,herebefore,hereunder,今后、此后,特此,由此；于此；因此,在下文,在上文,于此；在本文件中,对此；至此,迄今；到现在为止,在下面,合同的文体特点,使用有here 或 there,或where+后缀in 或by 或after等,构成的复合词：,hereupon,herewith,thereafter,thereby,therefrom,therein,thereinafter,thereinbefore,thereon,关于这个；于是,同此；与此；附此,此后；以后,因此；由此；在那方面,从那里,在那里；在那点上,以下；在下文,在上文中,在其上,III.Abstract Translation,合同的文体特点,使用有here 或 there,或where+后缀in 或by 或after等,构成的复合词：,thereof,thereto,thereunder,thereupon,therewith,whereas,whereby,wherein,whereof,whereon,由此；因此,此外；又,在其项下,随后；因此；在其上；关于那,从此，与此,鉴于；而,由是；凭那个,在哪里；在哪点上,关于那事；关于它,在其上；在那个上面,合同的文体特点,使用有here 或 there,或where+后缀in 或by 或after等,构成的复合词：,1.We hereby confirm having sold to you the following goods on the terms and conditions as specified below.,兹确认（特此）按下列条款授予贵公司下述商品。,2.In case no settlement can be reached thereby the dispute may,if either party so requires,be resolved by arbitration.,如果由此产生的争论不能解决，任何一方认为必要的话，可以提出仲裁。,合同的文体特点,3.In witness whereof,the parties hereto have caused this agreement to be executed in duplicate by their duly,authorized representatives.,4.This contract is made by and between the Buyers and,The Sellers,whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the,Sellers agree to sell the undermentioned commodity,according to the terms and conditions stipulated below.,本协议一式两份，由双方授权代表签订，特此为证。,本合同由买卖双方签订，据此，买卖双方同意按下列条款购买，出售下列商品,TRADE CONTRACT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PROPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE,GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ,The Government of the Peoples Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as China)and the Government of the Republic of (hereinafter referred to as),in pursuance of the Trade and Payments Agreement signed between the two governments on 14th September,1995,have,through friendly negotiations on the trade for the first agreement year(1996)between China and ,entered into the following agreement:,Article 1,The Peoples Republic of China shall,according to its requirements,import from commodities enumerated in List“A”for a total amount of$(U.S.dollars),Article 2,The Republic of shall,according to its requirements,import from China commodities enumerated in list“B”for a total amount of$(U.S.dollars),Article 3,The quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the importers and exporters in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides and the prices shall be fixed in accordance with world market prices.,Article 4,In accordance with the stipulation mentioned in Article 16 of the Trade and Payments Agreement referred to above,the credit line shall be$(U.S.dollars).,This Contract shall become operative from the date on which the Trade and Payments Agreement comes into force and shall be valid for one year.,Done in duplicate in Beijing on the 14th day of September,1995 in the English and Chinese languages,both texts being equally authentic.,For the GovernmentFor the Government,of the Peoplesof the Republic,Republic of Chinaof ,（signature）（signature）,TRADE CONTRACT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PROPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ,中华人民共和国政府和 共和国政府贸易合同,The Government of the Peoples Republic of China(hereinafter,referred to as China)and the Government of the Republic,of (hereinafter referred to as),in pursuance of the,Trade and Payments Agreement signed between the two,governments on 14th September,1995,have,through friendly,negotiations on the trade for the first agreement year(1996),between China and ,entered into the following agreement:,中华人民共和国政府（下文简称中国）和 共和国政府,（下文简称），根据1995年9月14日签订的两国政府贸易和,支付协定，就第一个协定年度（1996年）的贸易进行了友好商谈，,达成如下协议：,III.Abstract Translation,Article 1,The Peoples Republic of China shall,according to its requirements,import from commodities enumerated in List“A”for a total amount of$(U.S.dollars),Article 2,The Republic of shall,according to its requirements,import from China commodities enumerated in list“B”for a total amount of$(U.S.dollars),第一条,中国根据需要从进口附表“甲”所列的商品，总值为美元。,第二条,根据需要从中国进口附表“乙”所列的商品，总值为美元。,Article 3,The quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the importers and exporters in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides and the prices shall be fixed in accordance with world market prices.,第三条,两国进出口公司所交换的商品的质量和价格应是双,方都能接受的，价格应按照国际市场的价格确定。,III.Abstract Translation,Article 4,In accordance with the stipulation mentioned in Article 16 of the Trade and Payments Agreement referred to above,the credit line shall be$(U.S.dollars).,This Contract shall become operative from the date on which the Trade and Payments Agreement comes into force and shall be valid for one year.,Done in duplicate in Beijing on the 14th day of September,1995 in the English and Chinese languages,both texts being equally authentic.,For the GovernmentFor the Government,of the Peoplesof the Republic,Republic of Chinaof ,（signature）（signature）,本合同于1995年9月14日在北京签订，一式两份，用中文和英文写成，两种文本具有同等效力。,根据上述的贸易和支付协定第16条规定，透支额为美元。,本合同将于贸易和支付协定生效之日起施行，有效期为一年。,II.Business letters,Sample 3,Dear Sir:,We thank you for your inquiry of April 2 and are pleased to offer as follows,subject to our final confirmation:,Commodity:Torch Brand Mens Shirts,Specifications:White,long sleeves,made of 80%Dacron,Polyester and 20%Cotton,Sizes:Large 20%,Medium 50%,Small 30%,Packing:Each in a poly-bag,half dozen to a carton and,10dozen to a wooden case,Quantity:1500 dozen,Price:each dozen CIF,Shipment:May/June 1981,Payment:By confirmed irrevocable L/C payable at sight,收到了贵方四月二日询价信，谢谢。兹报盘如下，以我方最后确认为准：,品名：火炬牌男衬衫,规格：白色，长袖，涤纶80%，棉20%,尺码：大号20%，中号50%，小号30%,包装：每件用塑料薄膜袋，每六件一纸盒，二十盒一木箱,数量：1500打,价格：到岸价格，每打英镑,装运：一九八一年五月或六月,付款：需保兑，不可撤销的即期汇票信用证,III.Abstract Translation,TRADE CONTRACT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PROPLES REPUBLIC OF CHINA AND THE,GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF ,The Government of the Peoples Republic of China(hereinafter referred to as China)and the Government of the Republic of (hereinafter referred to as),in pursuance of the Trade and Payments Agreement signed between the two governments on 14th September,1995,have,through friendly negotiations on the trade for the first agreement year(1996)between China and ,entered into the following agreement:,Article 1,The Peoples Republic of China shall,according to its requirements,import from commodities enumerated in List“A”for a total amount of$(U.S.dollars),Article 2,The Republic of shall,according to its requirements,import from China commodities enumerated in list“B”for a total amount of$(U.S.dollars),Article 3,The quality and prices of the commodities to be exchanged between the importers and exporters in the two countries shall be acceptable to both sides and the prices shall be fixed in accordance with world market prices.,Article 4,In accordance with the stipulation mentioned in Article 16 of the Trade and Payments Agreement referred to above,the credit line shall be$(U.S.dollars).,This Contract shall become operative from the date on which the Trade and Payments Agreement comes into force and shall be valid for one year.,Done in duplicate in Beijing on the 14th day of September,1995 in the English and Chinese languages,both texts being equally authentic.,For the GovernmentFor the Government,of the Peoplesof the Republic,Republic of Chinaof ,（signature）（signature）,中华人民共和国政府代表工和国政府代表,（签字）（签字）,前言 (当事人的名称,缔约目的和原则),正文 (当事人的具体权利和义务、违约赔,偿、争议解决、适用法律),最后条款（法定地址、效力范围、有效条件、双方代表签字等）,翻译合同的步骤,首先，要,通读全文,，以求全面理解，掌握内涵。通读全文的目的在于从宏观上了解契约的总体概貌和篇章结构。,第二，,细研章节,。这是在通读全文的基础上进行的。由于契约的章节条款具有相对的独立性，可逐字、逐句、逐条、逐段、逐节、逐章地仔细研读，反复推敲，以求达到细致深入的理解。,第三，,准确表达,。在翻译过程中，关键是要求译文内容与原文内容保持等值，避免出现差错和误解。,最后，在准确表达的前提下，力求使译文的,格式和文体,符合合同的规范和要求。,订购合同,本合同于2005年8月15日，以顺发水轮发电机厂为甲方，以日兴电厂为乙方。,兹约定：,甲方与乙方订立协议并同意：由甲方负责在第二年向乙方提供3台水电站用T236型水轮发电机，并按下列期限分期交货，到2月30日止如数交迄。,乙方与甲方订立协议并同意，对上述水轮发电机每台支付63，000美元，货到即付。,订约的任何一方如未履约，根据合同规定并经双方同意，违约一方应向对方赔偿86，000美元为商定的损失赔偿费。,甲方：顺发水轮发电机厂 乙方：日兴电厂,亚历山大 布莱克,（经理）,江秀仪,（经理）,ORDER CONTRACT,本合同于2005年8月15日，以顺发水轮发电机厂为甲方，以日兴电厂为乙方。,This agreement is made on the fifth day of August 2005 between Shunfa Water Turbine Generator Factory,the first party and Rixing Power Plant,the second party.,兹约定：,Witness:,ORDER CONTRACT,甲方与乙方订立协议并同意：由甲方负责在第二年向乙方提供3台水电站用T236型水轮发电机，并按下列期限分期交货，到2月30日止如数交迄。,The first party contracts and agrees with the second party that he will provide the second party during next year with 3 T236 water turbine generators used for power station,on the following specific term:the above mentioned 3 boilers by the thirtieth of February.,ORDER CONTRACT,乙方与甲方订立协议并同意，对上述水轮发电机每台支付63，000美元，货到即付。,And the second party contracts and agrees with the first party that he will pay for the above-mentioned water turbine generators$63,000 for each upon delivery.,订约的任何一方如未履约，根据合同规定并经双方同意，违约一方应向对方赔偿86，000美元为商定的损失赔偿费。,In case of failure of agreement by either of the parties,it is hereby stipulated and agreed that the party so failing shall pay to the other$86,000 as fixed and settled damages.,甲方：顺发水轮发电机厂 乙方：日兴电厂,亚历山大 布莱克,（经理）,江秀仪,（经理）,Party A:Shunfa Water Turbine Generator Factory,Alexander Black,(manager),Party B:Rixing Power Plant,Jiang Xiuyi,(manager),销售合同,合同编号：NO.201,签订地点：中华人民共和国安徽合肥香山路26号,签订日期：2005年6月25日,买方：合肥电厂,卖方：西雅图发电设备厂,双方同意按下列条款由买方售出下列商品：,销售合同,（1）商品名称及包装：冲击水斗式水轮发电机组,每箱一组,（2）数量：一组,(3)单价：$2,000（贰千美元整）,(4)总值:$2,000（贰千美元整）,（装运数量允许有5%的增减）,（5）装运期限：2005年8月10日前（6）装运口岸：西雅图（7）目的口岸：合肥,销售合同,（8）保险；由卖方负责，按本合同总值110%投保。,（9）付款：（略）,（10）商品检验：（略）,（11）装运唛头：（略）,销售合同,（12）仲裁：凡因执行本合约或有关本合约所发生的一切争执，双方应以友好方式协商解决；如果协商不能解决，应提交中国国际经济贸易仲裁委员会，根据该会的仲裁规则进行仲裁。仲裁裁决是终局的，对双方都有约束力。（13）附加条款（本合同其他条款如与本附加条款有抵触时，以本附加条款为准。）：（略）,卖方：,西雅图发电设备厂,买方：,合肥电厂,SALES CONTRACT,合同编号：NO.201,Contract NO:NO.201,签订地点：中华人民共和国安徽合肥香山路26号,Signed