初中英语重点短语用法.docx

初中英语重点短语用法

★according to 根据;按照
点拨：复合介词，后接名词或代词。
According to the rules that people can’t stay here for a long time.
根据规则人们不能长时间在这儿停留。
According to my watch it is six o’clock. 照我的表，现在是6点钟。
★across from 在......对面
点拨：后接地点名词。
The hospital is across from the bank. 医院在银行对面。
★agree to 同意
点拨：后接名词，表示同意或接受某事，尤其指别人提出的某事。
He agree the plan (the date). 他同意了这个计划(日期)。
We agreed to their arrangement. 我们同意了他们的安排。
★agree with...... 同意/赞成某人的......
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
Generally speaking, we all agree with him. 总的说来，我们都同意他的意见。
★all kinds of 各种各样的
点拨：后接可数名词复数。
There are all kinds of birds here. 这里有各种各样的鸟。
★allow...to do 允许......做某事
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
The guard allowed Kate to leave her bike here. 门卫允许凯特把自行车放在这里。
The teacher allowed us to discuss in class yesterday.
昨天老师允许我们在课堂上讨论。
★apologize to 向......道歉
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
You should apologize to your teacher for coming late.
你应该为你的迟到向你的老师道歉.
★arrive at/ in 到达
点拨：at后接较小的地点，in后接较大的地点。
When did you arrive at the station? 你是什么时候到达火车站的?
We will arrive in Paris at 5:30 tomorrow afternoon.
我们将在明天下午五点半到达巴黎。
★ ask for 请求
点拨：后接需要的某事
He was so busy that he had to ask for help. 他太忙了，不得不请求帮助。
I decided to go to the next house and ask for food
我决定去隔壁那家要点吃的。
★ask sb for sth 向某人要/寻求某物
点拨：ask后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
He often asks his parents for help. 他经常向父母求助。
Mike always asks his mother for money. 迈克总是向他母亲要钱。
★ask sb to do sth 叫某人做某事
点拨：ask后接人名或人称代词的宾格。
The teacher told Bill to stand up and answer the question.
老师叫比尔站起来回答问题。
My mother asks me to come back on time after school every day.
我妈妈要我每天放学后按时回来。
★as soon as 一......就......
点拨：后接从句，强调两个动作几乎是同时发生。
I’ll leave as soon as I get the money! 我一拿到钱就走!
The dogs ran off as soon as we appeared. 我们一露面狗就跑了。
★a couple of 一双;一副;一对
点拨：后接连在一起共同使用的由相同、相通或相关的两部分构成的单件物品。
There is a couple of boys waiting for you. 有几个男孩在等你。
A couple of goats are butting each other. 两只山羊在用角互相顶撞。
★a pair of 一双;一副;一对
点拨：后接连在一起共同使用的由相同、相通或相关的两部分构成的单件物品。
This is a pair of chopsticks. 这是一双筷子。
Yesterday morning I went to the supermarket and bought 10 pairs of socks.
昨天上午我去超市买了10双袜子。
He bought a new pair of glasses every other month. 他每隔上个月就买一副新眼镜。
★a set of 一串;一套
点拨：后接连在一起共同
She took out a bunch of keys from her handbag. 她从提包里掏出一串钥匙来。
He gave me a set of beautiful stationery. 他送给我一套漂亮的文具。
★a (little) bit 一点儿
点拨：修饰不可数名词，常与of连用。
There is a bit of water in the bowl. 碗里有一点水。
I had a little bit of milk. 我喝了一点牛奶。
★a little 一点儿
点拨：修饰不可数名词或形容词。
I have a little money in the bank. 我在银行还有一点钱。
I could just eat a little something. 我只能吃一点点东西。
These shoes are a little too big for me. 这双鞋对我来说太大了一点。
★be afraid of 害怕
点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。
The little boy is afraid of that dog. 这个小男孩怕那只狗。
He seems to be afraid of nothing. 他好像什么也不怕。
I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night. 我开始害怕夜间单独外出了。
★beallowedto 被允许
点拨：后接动词原形。
He will not be allowed to take the exam. 他不能参加考试。
Children should not be allowed to watch violent movies. 不应允许儿童看暴力电影。
★be angry with sb 对某人生气
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
They are angry with Jim because he is not active at all.
他们对吉姆很生气因为他一点也不积极。
I’m angry with her for lying to me. 由于她说谎，我对她很生气。
★be busy doing/ with sth 忙于做某事
点拨：with后接名词或代词。
She was busy doing her homework. 她正于着做家庭作业。
He’s busy with some important work. 他正忙于一些重要工作。
★be born with 生而具有;生就
点拨：后接名词。
He was born with a good memory. 他生来记性就好。
I believe that every person is born with talent. 我相信每个人都有与生俱来的天赋。
★be different from 与......不同;不同于
点拨：后接名词或代词。
American English is very different from British English.
美国英语与英国英语有很大差异。
My pen is different from his. 我的钢笔和他的不同。
★be/get married to sb 娶/嫁某人;与某人结婚
点拨：后接后接某人或宾格。
He was/ got married to a nurse. 他娶了一位护士。
Xiaoli is married to my brother for 3 years. Xiaoli 嫁给我的哥哥三年了。
We’re getting married next week. 我们下星期结婚。
★be filled with 用......充满/装满
点拨：后接名词。
The bottle is filled with water. 瓶子里装满了水。
As he listened to the music, his eyes filled with tears. 他听着音乐，眼睛里噙着泪水。
★be good at 擅长于......
点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。
Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。
I think Lily is good at everything. 我认为莉莉擅长于每一件事情。
★be good with 与......相处得好
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
We all know that Mike is good with Jack. 我们都知道迈克与杰克处得很好。
All the time, he has been good with us. 一直以来，他与我们处得很好。
★be hard on sb 对某人太苛刻/严厉
点拨：宾语是人或宾格。
Dont be so hard on him. 别对他太苛刻了。
She begged him not to be so hard on the child. 她祈求他不要对孩子那么严厉。
★be harmful to 对......有害
点拨：表示对某事物有害。
Sweets are harmful to childrens teeth. 甜食对儿童的牙齿有害。
It is well known that smoking is harmful to the health. 众所周知，吸烟对人体有害。
★be interested in 对......感兴趣
点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。
She is interested in music. 她对音乐感兴趣。
They hope you will also be interested in it. 他们也希望你对这事感兴趣。
Many children are especially interested in playing games.
许多小孩对玩游戏特别感兴趣。
★be proud of 为......骄傲/自豪
点拨：后接人或事。
we are all proud of you. 我们都为你感到骄傲。
We are proud of our achievements. 我们为我们的成就而感到自豪。
★be responsible for 对......负责
点拨：表示对某事有责任。
She should be responsible for her actions. 她应对自己的行为负责任。
Mike is responsible for designing the project. 迈克负责设计这个工程。
★be sure about 确信;对......有把握
You can be sure about their interest in it. 你可以确信他们对此很感兴趣。
We are sure about this exam. 我们最这次考试有把握。
★be similar to 与......相似
点拨：后接名词或宾格。
My problems are very similar to yours. 我的问题和你很相似。
There are many toys that are very similar to it. 有许多词与它非常相似。
★be thankful to 对......感激
点拨：后接名词或宾格。
We should be thankful to the life. 我们应对生活充满感激。
You should be thankful to him for him. 为此你应该感激他。
★be made from 由......制成/造
点拨：后接名词，强调成品看不出原料。
Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木头制成的。
★be made of 由......制成/造
点拨：后接名词，强调成品看得出原料。
The table is made of wood. 桌子是由木头制成的。
★be ready for 准备好;为......准备
点拨：强调准备好某事，但事情还没做。
My mother is ready for lunch. 我妈妈准备好了做午餐。
I’m just getting the kids ready for school. 我正在让孩子们准备好去上学。
★be ready to do sth 准备好/乐意做某事
点拨：强调准备好，但事情还没做。
I’m ready to do anything you want me to do. 我准备做一切你要我做的事。
He is always ready to help his friends. 他总是乐意帮助朋友。
★be strict in 对(做)某事要求严格
点拨：后接名词或动名词。
We should be strict in (doing) our work. 对工作我们应该严格要求。
★be strict in sb 对某人要求严格
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
The teacher is very strict with John. 老师对约翰非常严格。
His father is strict with him. 他父亲对他严格要求。
★be strict in sb 对(做)某事要求严格
点拨：后接某事或做某事。
Every staff must be strict in their work. 每个员工对工作都必须严格要求。
We should be strict in our studying. 我们应该严格要求我们的学习。
★be sure about/ of 对......有把握
点拨：后接名词或代词。
I’m sure about Tom’s promise. 我对汤姆的承诺有把握。
He is sure of everything. 他对每件事都有把握。
★be used for 被用于
点拨：后接名词或动名词。
The money will be used for the estates upkeep. 这笔钱将用于物业维护。
This tool is used for shaping wood. 这个工具是用来加工木料的。
★be used to do 被用于做某事
点拨：表示某物被用于做某事。
Wood is used to make paper. 木料被用来造纸。
★be used to doing sth 习惯做某事
点拨：强调长久养成的行为。
I am used to playing games. 我习惯玩游戏。
★be willing to do sth 愿意做某事
点拨：强调主语的自愿意识。
He’s willing to help the old man. 他愿意帮助那位老人。
★be terrified of 害怕
点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。
Many animals are terrified of the tiger. 许多动物都怕老虎。
My father terrified of killing chicken. 我父亲害怕杀鸡。
★be thirsty for 渴望
点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。
Young man should be thirsty for knowledge. 青年人应该渴望知识。
She is thirsty for news of her children. 她渴望得到孩子们的消息。
I am thirsty for it because its very rare. 我渴望它，因为它非常罕见。
★be used as/ for 被用作......
点拨：后接名词或动名词。
The school was used as a hospital during the war. 战争期间这所学校被用作医院。
The machine is used for cutting things. 这台机器被用来切割东西。
★because of 因为
点拨：后接名词、代词或动名词。
She’s been off work because of sickness. 她因病没有上班。
She didn’t go to school because of breaking his left leg. 她因左腿骨折没有上学。
★believe in 相信
点拨：后接某人或宾格。
I don’t believe in my father anymore. 我不再相信我的父亲。
They believe in me and encourage me. 他们相信我，鼓励我。
★belong to 属于;是......的成员
点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。
This book belongs to him. 这本书是他的。
They belong to the football club. 他们是足球俱乐部的成员。
★between...and 在......和......之间
点拨：连接两个同类的词。
Tom sat between Simon and Kate. 汤姆坐在西蒙和凯特中间。
Children must be taught the difference between right and wrong.
必须教儿童分清是非。。
★break into 闯进;闯入
点拨：后接某地点。
He broke into the office without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了办公室。
The thief broke into the house and stole the computer. 窃贼闯入屋里偷走了电脑。
★break out 爆发
点拨：单独使用。
Wars often break out in this area. 这个地区经常爆发战争。
Scuffles broke out between police and demonstrators.
警察和示威者之间爆发了冲突。
★call up 打电话给......;征召
点拨：后接某人或人称代词的宾格。
I don’t want to call up my mother. 我不想打电话给我母亲。
His elder brother was called up for military service. 他的哥哥应召去服兵役。
★care about 关心;担心
点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。
He really cares about the students in our class. 他的确关心我们班的学生。
My mother always cares about me. 我妈妈总是关心/ 担心我。
★care for 照顾;关心
点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。
No one else could care for my grandma, Sally explained.
萨莉解释说,没有人能照顾我奶奶。
They got a nurse to care for her. 他们找了个护士来照顾她。
★catch up with 赶上;追上
点拨：后接名词或人称代词的宾格。
I couldn’t catch up with him. 我赶不上他。
Anyway, I have to catch up with them. 无论如何我得赶上他们。
★change......into 把......变成
点拨：change后接名词或代词，into后接名词。
They changed desert into farmland. 他们把沙漠变成了农田。
They changed it into a box. 他们把它变成了一个盒子。
★cheer up (使)高兴起来;(使)振作起来
点拨：可单独使用，宾语一般是sb/oneself。
Hearing the good news, I cheered up. 听到这个好消息，我高兴起来。
You should cheer him/ yourself up. 你应该让他/你自己振作起来。
★clean up 打扫干净
点拨：后接名词,接代词时应用其宾格，放在clean与up中间。
Please clean up your room. 请把你的房间打扫干净。
Let’s clean them up now. I’ll give you a hand.
我们现在就来把它们打扫干净吧!我帮你。
★clean out 清理(干净)
点拨：后接名词。
He cleaned out his room. 他清理了他的房间。
This morning he cleaned them out. 今天早上他把它们清理干净了。
★close to 接近;与......关系密切
点拨：宾语是人或物。
You was standing close to the fire, it was very dangerous.
你站得离火太近，这很危险。
Tom is very close to my father. 汤姆和我父亲的关系很亲密。
★come back 回来
点拨：单独使用，常与from连用。
Ive just come back from the United States 我刚从美国回来。
Perhaps it would be better if you came back tomorrow. 如果你明天回来，也许更好。
★come from 来自于;出身于
点拨：后接某地方。
Nearly half the students come from abroad. 将近一半的学生来自国外。
I come from a teacher’s family. 我出身于一个教师家庭。
★come into 进来;进入
点拨：指走进某地方。
He came into the room and shut the door. 他进了房间，把门关上。
The train slowly came into the station. 火车慢慢进入车站。
★come on 来吧;快点
点拨：单独使用，表示提醒。
Come on, let’s go. Its this way. 来吧，这边，走这条路。
Come on, its time to put these toys away. 快点儿，现在该把这些玩具收起来了。
★come up with 想出;赶上
点拨：指想出某主意等;指赶上某人或交通工具。
How could he come up with this idea? 他怎么想出这个主意的?
I had to run to come up with him. 我得跑才能赶上他。
★come out 出来;出版
点拨：单独做谓语，不带宾语。
Do you remember switching the lights off before we came out?
你记得我们出来之前关灯了吗?
When will the dictionary come out? 那本词典什么时候出版?
★come true 成事实;实现
点拨：单独使用。
If I win, it will be a dream come true. 如果我赢了，那就是梦想成真。
His wish to study music has come true at last. 他学习音乐的愿望这回算实现了。
★compare...with 把......和......作比较
点拨：两个词后都可接名词或代词。
You can’t compare a pencil with a crayon. 你不能拿铅笔我和蜡笔做比较。
Don’t compare me with other children. 不要拿我和其他的孩子做比较。
★connect ...with 和......有关;和......有联系
点拨：前后两个宾语有一定关系。
People usually connect China with silk and good food.
人们一提到中国，往往便联想到丝绸和美食。
You need to connect with your audience. 你需要和你的观众有所交流。
★cover with 用......遮盖住
点拨：后接某物。
He covered the table with cloth. 他把桌子用布盖好了。
Cover with planks, as of a wall or a floor. 在墙上或地板上用木板覆盖。
★cry out 喊叫;呼喊
点拨：单独使用。
She wanted to cry out, but she couldnt make any sound.
她想喊叫，可是她发不出任何声音。
They heard someone cry out from inside the house. 他们听见有人在屋里大声呼喊。
★cut down 砍倒
点拨：后接名词,接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。
Soon they cut down that big tree. 很快他们就把那颗大树砍倒了。
The apple tree was dead and he cut it down. 那棵苹果树枯死了，他把它砍掉了。
★cut off 切掉;切断
点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。
He has a finger cut off by a machine while work.他在工作时被机器切掉了一个手指。
Our water supply has been cut off again. 我们的供水又被切断。
★cut out 切去;割去;剪去
点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。
He cut off a board. 他切下一块木板。
He cut off a piece of cloth. 他割下了一块布。
He cut it out and found it would make just one pair.
他把它裁剪好，发现它刚好够做一双鞋。
★cut up 切碎
点拨：后接名词，接代词时应用其宾格，放在cut与down中间。
He cut up all the food. 他把所有的食物都切碎了。
You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. 你得把它切碎后用叉子吃。
★decide to 决定做某事
点拨：后接动词原形。
We have decided to go skating tomorrow. 我们已决定明天去滑冰。
★deal with 处理;应付
点拨：后接名词或代词。
I don’t know how they deal with the problem. 我不知道他们如何处理这个问题。
★depend on/ upon 依靠;取决于
点拨：后接名词或代词。
This will depend upon your decision. 这将取决于你的决定。
We have to depend on him to win the game. 我们得靠他来赢得比赛。
★divide (...) into 分成;把......分成......
点拨：通常用被动语态。
The school year is divided into two trimesters. 一学年分两个学期。
He divided the money into three equal parts. 他把钱平分成三份。
★die down 减弱;逐渐平息
点拨：由强到弱，表示气势、势力等变弱。
After a while, the wind began to die down. 过了一会儿，风开始减弱。
It was not until evening that the storm died down. 直到晚上暴风雨才逐渐平息。
★die of 死于
点拨：只因为疾病、事故或意外而死。
Sadly, both he and my mother died of cancer.
非常不幸的是，他和我母亲都死于癌症。
No one ever died of a broken heart. 从来没有人因为过度悲伤而死。
★dislike doing sth 不喜欢做某事
点拨：dislike后通常接动名词。
Idislike listening to Rock music. 我不喜欢听摇滚乐。
★dream of 梦见;梦想
点拨：指梦见某人或某事物;指对未来的一种期望。
I dreamed of you last night. 昨夜我梦见了你。
我梦想着有一天环游世界。
I dream of traveling around the world one day. 我梦想着有一天环游世界。
★drop by 顺道拜访
点拨：单独使用。
I’ll drop by sometime next month