英语句子成分、结构分析+作文万能句子短语.doc

句子成分分析
句子成分划分巧计
主在前，谓在中，宾语状语后面冲。短语定语住宾后，形代定语住宾前。间宾直宾紧相连，直间之间to, for 连。宾补位于宾语后，地状常在时状前。
一， 主语：是一个句子的主体，一般放在谓语之前，是动作的实施者。主语由名词，代词，数词，不定式，动词-ing形式或从句充当。
1. Mary is a good student.(名词)
2. Unity is strength. ( 名词)
3. He enjoys walking in the fields. （代词）
4. Four plus six is ten.（数词）
5. To work hard is important.（不定式短语）
6. It is my job to teach them English. （不定式短语是真正的主语，it 为形式主语）
7. Smoking is bad for health. （动词-ing形式作主语）
8. When we shall go back has not been decided yet. （从句作主语，即主语从句）
二， 谓语：用来说明主语的动作或状态，表明主语是什么，做什么，或怎么样。谓语由动词担当，可由各种时态的动词表示
1. Great hopes make great men. （动词）
2. She looked after him two years ago.（动词词组）
3. I shall answer your question after class.（助动词＋动词）
4. She can speak English very well. （情态动词＋动词）
5. The dictionary is mine.（连系动词＋表语）
6. She looks happy. （连系动词＋表语）
三，宾语：
表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者，由名词，代词，不定式，相当于名词的词或从句充当充当,一般放在及物动词或介词的后面。
（一）单宾语
1. Paper catches fire easily. (名词)
2. He will do anything for her. （代词）
3. She is listening to play the violin. (不定式短语)
4. He doesn’t like swimming. (动词-ing形式)
5. He said that he would e. (从句，即宾语从句)
（二）双宾语 （直接宾语sth＋间接宾语sb）
常见的带双宾语的动词有：give, bring, buy, get, lend, make, offer, pass, teach, tell, write, read, show, send, leave, return
1. Mother bought me a shirt yesterday.
2. She taught us English then.
3. I send my mother two letters last month.
(三) 复合宾语（宾语＋宾语补足语）
有些及物动词带了宾语后，还需要有一个补足成分，才能使句意完整，即补充说明宾语，能都充当宾补的词有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语，不定式，分词（现在分词和过去分词）
常跟宾补的动词有 allow, ask, advise, call, elect, keep, consider, make, see, name, have, get, help, wish, let, feel, hear, find smell
1. We elected him our monitor.（名词）
2. I want him back.（副词）
3. Cell phones make it possible for us to anyone from anywhere.（形容词）
4. The doctor advised me to have more exercises.（不定式短语）
5. I heard Mary singing in her room.（动词-ing形式）
6. He had his watch repaired yesterday.（过去分词）
7. Please make yourself at home.（介词短语）你请自便。
四 表语：放在连系动词be ,bee, seem, feel turn(当“变得”讲时)等之后，用来说明主语的特征，状态，身份等，可以充当表语的词有名词，动词-ed形式或句子
1. He became king when he was only a child.(名词)
2. The book is hers. (代词)
3. He is free today.(形容词)
4. Her mother will be back soon.(副词)
5. I’m sixteen.(数词)
6. He seemed worried about it.（动词过去分词）
7. It is surprising to hear the news.（动词现在分词）
8. The problem is how to finish the work ahead of time.（不定式短语）
9. This is what I want to tell you.（从句，即表语从句）
五 定语：用来修饰名词或代词，可作定于的词有名词，代词，数词，介词短语，不定式，动词-ing 形式，动词-ed 形式以及从句，定语分为前置定语和后置定语
1. Yao Ming is an excellent basketball player.（形容词，前置）
2. Ronaldo is a football player.（名词，前置）
3. Your hair needs cutting.（代词，前置）
4. Thirty students attended the party.（数词，前置）
5. He is in the sitting room.（现在分词，前置）
6. You can see fallen leaves everywhere in fall.（过去分词，前置）
7. Who is the girl dancing over there?（现在分词短语，后置）
8. The hotel built last year is the best in the city.（过去分词短语，后置）
9. This the house which we visied.（从句，即定语从句，后置）
六 状语：用来修饰形容词，副词，动词或整个句子，用来表示时间，地点，原因，方式，程度，目的，结果，条件，让步，频度等情况。
通常用作状语的词有副词，介词短语，不定式，动词-ing形式，动词-ed 形式，名词词组，从句等，状语一般放在词尾，但有的也放在句首或句中
1. The plane will take off in a few minutes. (介词短语作地点状语)
2. He came late because of the rain. (介词短语作原因状语)
3. She cut the apple with the knife. (介词短语作方式状语)
4. There are plenty of fish in the lake. (介词短语作地点状语)
5. The river is very long. (副词作程度状语)
6. He ran fast to catch the train.（不定式作目的状语）
7. She woke suddenly to find him standing near the bed.（不定式作结果状语）
8. Turning to the left, you will see the library.（现在分词作条件状语）
9. Given another chance, he will succeed.（过去分词 作条件状语）
10. They walked in spite of the heavy snow.（介词短语作让步状语）
11. He usually goes to bed at ten.（频度副词作状语）
12. They are generous although they are poor. （从句作状语，让步状语从句）

句子结构分析
一 简单句
简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。
We all learn English. (一个主语和一个谓语)
My father and mother go to work at 7:00 in the morning.（一个并列主语和一个谓语）
He once lived and worked there. ( 一个主语和一个并列谓语)
英语句子万万千
五大句型把线牵
句型种类为动词
后接什么是关键
系词后面接表语
Vi. 独身无牵挂
Vt. 又可分三类
单宾双宾最常见
还有宾语补足语
各种搭配记心间

五种基本句型以及there be句型
（一） 主语＋连系动词＋表语
1. He is a teacher.
2. This love story is about a pop singer.
3. Surfing is a popular water sport.
4. The teacher seemed to be pleased with my work.
(二) 主语＋谓语（不及物动词vi.）
1. Great changes have taken place.
这种句型中常有状语
We study hard.
The book sells well.
The shirt washes easily.
(三) 主语＋谓语（及物动词vt.）＋宾语
1. I enjoy surfing the Internet all the time.
2. We study English.
He thought about the problem for a few moments.
(四) 主语＋谓语（及物动词vt.）＋间接宾语（sth.）＋直接宾语（sb. ）
I gave him a present.---- I gave a present to him.
The evening dress cost her forty dollars.
The girl asked me whether I could repair the bike.
(五) 主语＋谓语（及物动词vt.）＋宾语＋宾语补足语
We think the job easy.
We elected Liu our monitor.
There be ＋主语＋谓语＋状语(介词短语)
There is a dictionary on the desk.
There will be a sports meeting next week.

二 并列句：句子含有两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构，就是并列句
1. 表示并列关系：这样的词有and ,not only…but also , as well as
Work hard and you will pass the exams.
2. 表示转折关系：这样的词有 but, yet, still, while
She is not beautiful, yet she is clever.
The hamburger is not healthy, but I love it.
Tom was poor while his brother became very rich.
4. 表示选择关系：这样的词有 or, either… or… neither… nor… not…but… or else otherwise
Either choose this pen or choose that one.
You’ll have to go now, otherwise you’ll miss your bus.
5. 表示因果关系：这样的词有 so , for, therefore
He lost his job, so he was unhappy these days.
It must have rained last night, for the road is wet.
He has worked for many hours, therefore, he felt tired.

三 复合句: 是指包含两个或多个主谓结构结构的句子，其中一个是主句，其余为从句。它们被称为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句（这四个为名词性从句），定语从句（形容词性从句），状语从句（时间，地点，原因，方式等）
When they will e hasn’t been made public.
That is what we should do first.
I wonder whether it is true or not.
I just got the word that he is not ing this evening.
She fell asleep, while she was reading.
We hurried so that we didn’t miss the last bus.
As it is raining, you had better take your umbrella with you.
I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.
He has to have lessons on Sundays, which he doesn’t like at all.

英语高分作文：需熟记的句子
英语作文开头结尾十大万能句型　　
第一种:文章开头句型
1、“近来，...的问题已经成为人们注目的焦点。”
　　Currently, the issue of ...has been brought to public attention.
　　2、“由汽车引起的空气和噪音污染对我们的健康造成了危害。”
　　Air pollution and noise pollution caused by automobiles do harm to our health.
　　3、“如今，人们普遍认为...,但是我怀疑...。”
　　Nowadays，it is generally/monly believed that..., but I wonder that...
　　4、“随着...的快速增长，...在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。”
　　Along with the rapid growth of ...,...has bee increasingly important in our daily life.
　　5、“如同硬币的正反面，...也有积极的一面和消极的一面。”
　　Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to...
　　第二种：文章结尾句型
　　1、“总之，全社会都应该密切关注...,只有这样我们才能...”
　　All in all, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of .... Only in this way can we....
　　2、“考虑到所有的因素，我们意识到...”
　　Taking into account all of these factors, we have reached the realization that...
　　3、“这一难题，是任何人都不可能避免的。但只要处理得当，我们就会...”
　　The dilemma is something no one can avoid. Properly handled, however, we will...
　　4、“因此，不难得出结论...”
　　Accordingly/Consequently/As a result,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that...
　　5、“综上所述，我们能得出如下结论...”
From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that...
连接词
（1）表选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…，neither…nor, or, as well as…, and, both…and…
（2）表因果关系或对等关系的连接词：therefore, so, as a result, as the result of …，because of, due to …,owing to, thanks to等。
（3）表时间顺序的连接词：the moment, as soon as, at first, then, later, meanwhile, at the beginning, in the end, before long, for the first（second…）time, the minute等。
（4）表转折关系的连接词：yet, and yet, but , while, on the contrary, on the other hand, however, at the same time（然而）等。
（5）表解释说明的连接词：that is, that is to say, in other words, such as, for instance, and so on, etc. and the like等。
（6）表递进关系的连接词：not only…but (also), what，s more, what's worse, besides, in addition, worse still, moreover, above all等。
（7）表示总结的连接词：in a word, on the whole, in short, briefly, in brief, to sum up, in all等。
in the middle of 在中间
in front of 在前面
in the front of 在前面
at the back of 在后面
at the bottom of 在底部
on the edge of 在……的边上
on top of 在……的顶部
opposite to 与……相对
close to 靠近
near to 在……附近
next to 与……相邻
under 垂直在下
over 垂直在上
below 在下方
above 在上方
across 在……的另一边
around 在周围
behind 在后
before 在前
against 靠着、抵着
further on 再往前
3、表示列举和时序
first, second, third…finally
firstly, secondly, thirdly…finally
first of all, next then, lastly
for one thing…for another…
at the same time
at first
at last
4、表示列举
for example 例如：……
namely 即……
for instance 例如：……
that is (to say) 也就是说
such as 如……
take…for example 拿……来说
like 像……
5、表示比较或对比
like 像
unlike 不像
similarly 同样地
过渡词
1、表示时间的
at first 起初
next 接下来
then 然后
after that 那以后
later 后来
soon 不久
soon/shortly after ……之后不久
finally 最后
in the end 最后
eventually 最终
at last 终于
lately 近来
recently 最近
since then 自从那时起
after that 那以后
in no time 不一会儿
after a while 一会儿
afterward 后来
to begin/start with=in the first place
首先、第一点
immediately 立即、马上
meanwhile=in the meantime=at the same time
在此期间、同时
earlier, until now 直到现在
suddenly=all of a sudden 突然
as a young man 当…… 是个年轻人的时候
at the age of… 在……岁的时候
as early as 早……的时候
as soon as 一……就……
several days ago几天前
early in the morning 大清早
after/before dark 天黑后/前
one day 有一天
one afternoon 一天下午
one morning 一天早晨
2、表示空间的
to the right/left 朝右/左
on the right/left 在右/左边
so that…
in order that…
9、表示让步
though/although
no matter+疑问句
in spite of
whatever/however/whoever
even if/ even though
10、表示递进或强调
besides 况且
What’s more 更重要地是
thus 这样
above all 首先
indeed 的确
in fact/ as a matter of fact 事实上
in other words 换句话说
in that case 那样的话
or rather 更确切地说
particularly 特别地
11、表示转折
but 但是
still 然而
however 然而
while 而
12、表示总结
in a/one word 简言之、一句话、总之
generally speaking 一般说来
in short=in a few words 简言之
in conclusion=lastly 最后地
on the whole=taking everything into consideration 从总体来看、大体上
so 所以
therefore 因此
thus 这样
as has been mentioned 正如所提到的
it is quite clear that 很显然
there is no doubt that 毫无疑问
it is well-known that 大家都知道
as we all know=as is known
to us all 大家都知道
as/so far as I know 据我所知
in the same way 以相同的方式
pared to 与……相比
while 而
still=nevertheless 然而
on the contrary 正相反
different from 与……不同
on (the) one hand…on the other hand
一方面……另一方面
in contrast with 与……成对比
6、表示增补
and 而且
both…and 不但……而且
not only…but also 不但……而且
as well as 不但……而且
also=besides=furthermore=more over 此外、而且
in addition 并且
apart from 除了……之外
What’s more 而且、更重要的
for another 另一方面
worse still=what’s worse=to make matter worse
更糟糕的是
including 包括
7、表示因果
because 因为
since 既然；因为；由于
as 由于
now that 既然；由于
therefore 因此
thus 这样
so 所以
as a result (of) 结果
because of=on account of 因为
thanks to 多亏、由于
for this reason 由于这个原因
if so 如果这样
if not 如果不是这样
8、表示目的
for this purpose
in order to do
so as to do
to sum up=to summarize=in summary 总之
13、表示转折话题
by the way 顺便说
I am afraid 我恐怕
in my opinion 依我看来
to tell the truth 说实话
to be honest 诚实地说
in face 事实上
引用名人名言及谚语时，可使用如下句型：
Just as the saying goes: “No garden is without weeds”, puter games have also some disadvantages.
正像常言所说:“没有无杂草的花园”，计算机也有一些不足之处。
As the proverb goes: “Every coin has its two sides”, television has both advantages and disadvantages.
正像谚语所说：“任何硬币都有两面”，电视既有优点也有缺点。
常用的名言和谚语
1.First think,and then speak. 动口先动脑
2.Speech is silver, silence is gold. 言语是银,沉默是金. 3.Few words are best.   寡言为贵.
4.No wisdom like silence. 聪明莫过沉默.
5.He is a wise man who speaks little. 智多言语少.
6.Second thoughts are best.   三思而后行.
7.Look before you leap.   慎思而后行.8.Least said,soonest mended. 少说为妙.
9.Easier said than done. 说易行难.10.Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败.
11.Every man has his weak side. 人人都有自己的弱点.
12.Honesty is the best policy. 诚实为上策.
13.Love is full of trouble.   爱情充满了烦恼.
14.Love is blind. 爱情是盲目的.
15.Love at first sight. 一见倾心.16.So said,so done. 说到做到./言出必行.
17.One can not be in two places at once. 一心不可用.
18.Do not teach fish to swim. 不要班门弄斧.
19.A light heart lives long. 心情开朗寿命长./不恼不愁,活到白头.
20.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 日吃苹果一个,身体健康不求医.
21.One man's meat is another man’s poison. 萝卜青菜,各有所爱.
22.Every dog has his day.   凡人皆有得意日.
23.Love me,love my dog.   爱屋及乌.
24.Sharpening your axe will not delay your job of cutting wood.   磨刀不误砍柴工.
25.Seeing is believing. 眼见为实.
26.Well begun is half done.   好的开端是成功的一半.
27.Time flies never to be recalled. 光阴一去不复返.
28.When in Rome,do as Romans do. 入乡随俗.
29.He laughs best who laughs last. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最美.
30.Two heads are better than one. 三个臭皮匠顶一个诸葛亮.
31.A good beginning makes a good ending.   善始善终.
32.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难中的朋友才是真正的朋友.
33.First e,first served. 先来先招待.
34.Where there is a will,there is a way.   有志者事竟成.
35.No pains,no gains. 不劳则无获. 36.Time and tide wait for no man. 时不待人.
37.Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁.
38.There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪.
39.It's never too late to mend. 亡羊补牢. 40.Kill two birds with one stone. 一箭双雕.
41.Reading makes a full man. 读书使人完善.
42.Knowledge is power.   知识就是力量.
43.Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母.
44.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧.
45.All roads lead to Rome. 条条大道通罗马.
46.Don’t judge a person by the clothes he wears. 不能以貌取人.
47.Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. 切莫过于乐观.
48.Learn to walk before you run. 循序渐进. 49.It’s easy to be wise after the event. 事后诸葛亮.
50.As you make your bed,so you must lie in it. 自食其果.
51.Nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上无难事只要肯攀登.
52.Time is money. 时间就是金钱.
53.Like father,like son. 有其父必有其子. 54.Many hands make light work. 人多力量大.
55.Grasp all,lose all. 鱼和熊掌不能兼得.
56.More haste,less speed. 欲速则不达.
57.The honest penny is better than the stolen dollar. 正当得到的一分钱胜于偷来的一元钱.
58.The first step is the hardest. 万事开头难.
59.Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today. 今日事今日毕.
60.It’s never too late to learn. 活到老,学到老. 61.Walls have ears. 隔墙有耳.
62.Wash your dirty linen at home. 家丑不可外扬.
63.Weak things united bee strong. 一根筷子易折断,十根筷子硬如铁.
64.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的东西并非都是金子.
65.We can’t judge a person by what he says but by what he does. 判断一个人,不听言语看行动.
66.When is done by night appears by day. 若要人不知,除非己莫为.
67.When one will not,two cannot quarrel. 一个巴掌拍不响.
68.Where there’s life there’s hope. 留得青山在,不怕没柴烧.
69.Will is power. 意志就是力量.
70.Words are but wind,but seeing is believing.   耳听为虚,眼见为实.
71.A candle lights others and consumes itself. 蜡烛照亮别人,却毁灭了自己.
72.Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩. 73.A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅.
74.He that is full of himself is very empty. 自满之人腹内空.
75.A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友.
76.A good book is a good friend. 好书如挚友. 77.A good medicine tastes bitter. 良药苦口.
78.All good things e to an end. 结果好,就一切都好. 79.A