了解高考英语听力命题规律.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,了解高考英语听力命题规律 提高听力解题水平,江苏省镇江中学,朱先忠,英语听力题为高考必考题，且放在了整份试卷的首位，其重要性不言而喻；对该部分答题顺畅与否所产生的情绪变化，会直接影响到后续的解题效果乃至考试结果，因此，我们有必要对英语听力题进行研究。,2009,年江苏高考英语听力题简析：,1、形式与内容：,模式,分值,答题时间,语速,语音,5+5,20,20,分钟,140wpm,美式,2009,年江苏高考英语听力题 简析,2,、涉及话题：,为日常生活中所熟悉的、反映真实,生活的话题，如购物、住宿、出行、,采访等。,2009,年江苏高考英语听力题 简析,3,、考点分布：,主旨大意,具体信息,推断,深层理解,0,10,9,1,2009,年江苏高考英语听力题 简析,4,、听力材料特征：,1,）口语特征明显且语境化,2,）内容相对完整，信息量足：,每段对话都能自成一体，,或是一个微型语篇,3,）话题熟悉，不含生词,4,）长短适宜，循序渐进,命题依据：,新,英语课程标准,中八级“听”,的目标要求,1,、能识别不同语气所表达的不同情感,2,、能听懂有关熟悉话题的讨论和谈话并记住,要点,3,、能抓住一般语段中的观点,4,、能基本听懂广播或电视英语新闻的主题或,大意,5,、能听懂委婉的建议或劝告等,命题原则：,1,、一般不对对话的第一句设问,2,、题干和选项应简明扼要，体现口语特点,3,、各选项长度、难度应基本一致,4,、应确保答案的唯一性,5,、干扰选项应有干扰性,6,、后,5,段对话或独白设题均匀分布，先后有序,09,江苏高考考试说明,要求：,能听懂有关日常生活中所熟悉话题的简短 独白和对话,主要考试题型：,1,、理解主旨和要义,2,、获取事实性的具体信息,3,、对所听内容作出推断,4,、理解说话者的意图、观点或态度,高考题型,1,、主旨大意题：,考查考生对整段对话或独白的理解，把握话题中心思想的能力。,常见题干如：,What are they talking about?,What can we learn from the conversation?,What is the main idea of the talking?,高考题型,例,1,：,What are they talking about?,Johns birthday.,Birthday presents.,The book,Harry Potter,.,录音原文：,W:Have you decided what to buy for Johns birthday?,M:Well,Ill get him a new pen and schoolbag.What about you?,W:Oh,I havent decided yet.Ill probably buy him the bestseller book,Harry Potter,.,解析：,对话中虽然提及约翰的生日、畅销书,哈利波特,，,但谈论 的核心话题是买什么生日礼物，题干属主旨大,意类题型，故选择,B,。此类题型约占听力题的,5%-10%,。,高考题型,2,、获取事实性具体信息题：,考查考生捕捉具体信息的能力，如具体的时间、地点、数字、人物等，是最为常见的考题，约占听力题的,50%,。,高考题型,例,2,：,What do the speakers need to buy?,（,09,高考题）,A.A fridge.B.A dinner table.C.A few chairs.,录音原文：,W:What do you think we need to buy for our,new kitchen?,M:Weve gotten a fridge and dinner tables.,We need the chairs.,解析：,题干所问的具体细节，是“需要买什么”，,而不是“已买了什么”，根据对话的最后一,句,We need the chairs,，因此选,C,。,高考题型,3,、推断题：,考查考生的逻辑推断能力，即从话题内容和语气等来推断出对话者的身份、所处场合、彼此之间的关系等。此类考题的比例在逐年增加，在,09,江苏及全国高考中，所占听力题的比例已超过,40%,。,高考题型,例,3,：,Where are the speakers?,（,09,高考题）,A.In a restaurant.B.In a hotel.C.In a school.,录音原文：,M:I like to stay two nights,please.,W:Do you want full board or half board?,M:Whats the difference?,W:Full board is including all meals and half board is,just including breakfast and dinner.,解析：,题干所问的是对话发生的地点，根据对话里提及的,stay two nights(,住两夜,),和,board(,膳食,),，可以推,断出，对话地点应是一个可提供临时住宿和一日三,餐的地方，参照三个选项，具备以上功能的当属,B,项最合适。,高考题型,例,4,：,Whats the relationship between the two speakers?,A.Classmates.B.Colleagues.C.Neighbors.,录音原文：,W:Judys proposal sounds reasonable.,M:Unfortunately,the manager doesnt like it.He said,we have put up so many projects this year,and the,budget is too tied now.,解析：,说出对话者之间的关系，是推断题的常见,考题。对话中出现的,manager,projects,budget,三个词显然与同学、邻居关系不大，,应为同事关系，故选择,B,。,高考题型,4,、深层理解题：,考查考生通过语言的字面意义，听出,“弦外之音”，理解说话者的意图、观点或,态度。此类考题还常常会涉及文化背景，,难度居四类考题之首。,高考题型,例,5,：,How does the man feel in the conversation?,A.He thinks it unbelievable.,B.He thinks it wonderful.,C.He thinks it true.,录音原文：,W:How wonderful!You won the scholarship.,Can you believe it?,M:No,its almost too good to be true.,解析：,对话中的男主人公发出“好得不敢相信是真的”感叹，,其弦外之音就是“真是难以置信”，故,A,选项最吻合。,B,选项有较强的干扰性，但用于说明女主人公的感,触更合适。,解题步骤：,听前：,浏览相关题干和选项，作出预判，确定听的重点；如选项中出现人名、地点、数字、年代等，做好记录准备。,听时：,集中注意力，抓住关键词、句，不必强求听清每一个词；且对所听内容作恰当分析推理。,听后：,筛选出有效信息，耐心核查，在最短时间内对答案做出判断。,解题步骤,例,6,：,Where are they talking?,A.In the school.B.In the park.C.In the airport.,听前：,根据题干和选项，确定听的重点为“地点”。,听时：,集中注意力，搜索关键词。,录音原文：,M:Hello,Linda.How wonderful to see you here!,W:Jimmy,its great to see you,too.Thanks for,coming to pick me up.,M:Did you have a good flight?,W:Yes,very smooth and enjoyable,thank you.,本段对话未直接提到地点，但在“,Did you have,a good flight?”,句中，出现了关键词“,flight”,。,听后：,单词“,flight”,与飞行有关，根据题干和提供,的选项，确定答 案为,C,。,解题步骤,例,7,：,1.What is the main purpose of the news?,A.To find a missing boy.,B.To find some children.,C.To find a green car.,2.What do we know about the young man?,A.He is tall and fat.,B.He is over 30 years old.,C.He is wearing jeans and a jacket.,解题步骤,听前：,根据第一题的题干，要找出这则新闻的目的即意图，很可能是深层理解题，不仅要听懂字面意思，还要揣测其背后的用意；第二题显然为获取具体信息题，考生要把听的重点放在对这个年轻人的外貌描述上。,听时：,集中注意力，力求听懂大意，和具体描述细节。,解题步骤,录音原文：,Good morning.The Ten oclock News read by Jane Martin.Six-year-old Paul Smith is still missing from his home in London.Police are looking for a young man who was seen talking to children in the park near Pauls home.He is driving a green car.Police describe the man as between 20 and 30 years old.He is tall and thin,with very short black hair and dark eyes.He is wearing jeans and light-blue jacket.If you see this man,please call your nearest police station.,解题步骤,听后：,整段新闻是说警察在寻找一个与失踪男孩可能最后接触的男子，并对这个男子的外貌特征进行了详细的描述，那么，寻找到该男子的目的又是什么呢？显然是为了找到那个失踪的男孩，第一题应选,A,；第二题只有,C,与原文的信息相符，,A,和,B,是错误信息。,解题技巧,:,1,、利用试听，调整心态，稳定情绪,2,、扫视题目，预测话题，有的放矢,3,、集中思想，理解大意，捕捉细节,4,、合理推断，当机立断，从头再来,应对策略：,1,、坚持听说训练，培养语音技能,2,、阅读写作并举，促进语感形成,3,、训练持之以恒，强化解题技巧,