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【英语】动词被动语态中考选择题(难)
一、动词被动语态
1.The city is a greener city now because many trees ______ every year.
A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted D. was planted
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:由于每年栽许多树,都市愈加绿了。A. were planted一般过去时态被动语态;B. are planted一般目前时态被动语态;C. will be planted一般未来时态被动语态;D. was planted一般过去时态被动语态。由every year可知句子描述是每年都发生动作,表达常常性、习惯性动作,用一般目前时态。句子主语trees是复数,谓语用复数。故选B.
【点评】本题考察动词语态,一般目前时被动语态就用be+及物动词过去分词。
2.The telephone ________ in 1876.
A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:电话是在1876年被发明。被动语态表达主语是动作承受者,即行为动作对象。被动语态由助动词be+及物动词过去分词构成。一般过去式被动语态构成was/were done该句主语和谓语之间是动宾关系,动作发生在过去,因此用被动语态一般过去时态,故选D。
3.Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees every spring.
A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted.
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:成都目前是一种绿色都市,由于每年春天越来越多树木被种植。根据时间状语every spring可知此处用一般目前时,结合句意,主语trees与谓语动词plant之间是被动关系,故此处用目前被动形式。故选B。
4.—It's reported that 31 of the brave young men ________ in a big forest fire in Sichuan.
—I don't know who they are, but I know who they are for.
A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——据报道,31名勇敢年轻人在四川一场森林大火中丧生。——我不懂得他们是谁,但我懂得他们是为了谁。根据 It's reported 据报道,可知动作为过去发生;再根据主语men和动词kill之间动宾关系可知,本句应用一般过去时被动语态were+过去分词,kill过去分词为killed。故选A。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态。注意掌握一般过去时被动语态were/was+过去分词,表“过去被……”。
5.— I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning.
— You know they by the hard-working cleaners every day.
A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:—— 我喜欢早上在洁净街道上散步。——你懂得他们每天都被辛勤工作清洁工打扫。A一般目前时积极语态,B一般目前时被动语态,C目前进行时,D一般未来时,根据 by the hard-working cleaners every day, 可知是 一般目前时被动语态 , 故选B。
【点评】 考察时态和语态,注意一般目前时被动语态使用方法。
6.— Mom, where is my model plane?
— Oh, it ______ to Jenny yesterday.
A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lent
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考察被动语态使用方法。句意:-妈妈,我飞机模型在哪里?-哦, 昨天借给了詹妮。由于句子主语是it,代指是my model plane,my model plane与lend之间是被动关系。句子时间状语是yesterday,因此应当用一般过去时被动语态,故选C。
7.The World Cup ________ in Russia. How _____________ is!
A. will be held; exciting a news B. will be taken place; an exciting news
C. will take place; exciting the news D. will hold; an exciting news
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:世界杯将在俄罗斯举行。这个消息多么令人兴奋啊!hold和take place都可以表达举行比赛,区别是前者一般是人做主语,后者一般是物做主语。take place表达“发生”词或者短语是不能用被语态, 本句中news是不可数名词,本句中指前文提到好消息,故前面用定冠词。how引导感慨句构造是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!故选C。
【点评】英语动词同汉语同样具有一词多义,一词多性特点。解答此类问题首先要理解每个单词基本含义,并注意交叉含义间区别,理解其特殊使用方法及习惯搭配等特点,然后结合语境选择对答案。当how修饰动词时,动词不跟着感慨词提到主语之前。 what与how引导感慨句,一般状况下可以互相转换,转换后意义不变。在口语中,感慨句主语和谓语常常省略。
8.——Can Mr. King spare some time for the charity show? ——If he ___, he will try his best to make it.
A. will be invited
B. is invited
C. invites
D. invited
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:-King先生能不能抽点时间去参与慈善演出?-假如他被邀请,他回竭力去。will be invited 一般未来时被动语态;is invited一般目前时被动语态;invites第三人称单数形式;invited过去式。这句话中if引导是条件状语从句,应当用一般目前时态, 并且从句中主语he和invite构成被动关系,故应选B。
9.To make our city more beautiful, rubbish _________ into the river.
A. needn't be thrown B. can't thrown C. mustn't be thrown D. may not thrown
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】为了使我们都市更漂亮,严禁往河里扔垃圾。根据语境,本句主语是动作承受者,应用被动语态。此外,表达严禁、不容许应用mustn’t。故选C。
10.A cook will lose his job if he to smoke in the kitchen.
A. finds B. found C. is found
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:假如发现厨师在厨房里抽烟,他会失去他工作。从语境来看,是“发现他”,故用被动语态。选C。及物动词逻辑上主语作主语时,用积极语态;及物动词逻辑上宾语做主语时,用被动语态。
11.Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ______ about the importance of good living habits once more.
A. told B. is told C. was told D. has told
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:吉娜昨天去看医生,她又一次被告知良好生活习惯重要性。she与tell之间是被动关系,要用被动语态;根据上句谓语动词went,可知要用一般过去时。因此要用一般过去时被动语态,be(was/were)+过去分词,主语she,第三人称单数,要用was,tell过去分词told,故选C。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态构成和使用方法。注意根据语境确定期态,同步根据主语与动词之间关系确定语态。
12.To our surprise, the walls of the new bookstore ____books.
A. are lined with B. is lined with C. have lined with
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:令我们惊奇是,新书店墙上排满了书,用……把……充满,排满:line...with...,主语the walls是谓语动词line承受者,用被动语态;the walls是主语中心词,of the new bookstores是作定语介词短语,主语是复数,谓语也要用复数形式。故选A。
13.—A new bridge in our hometown last year.
— Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.
A. is built B. was built C. built
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:-去年,在我们家乡建了一座新桥梁。-真吗?我们家乡一定更美了。A. is built一般目前时态被动语态;B. was built一般过去时态被动语态;C. built一般过去时态积极语态。本题描述是去年发生过去动作,句子用一般过去时态;主语bridge是谓语动词build承受者,句子用被动语态。故选B。
【点评】此题考察一般过去时被动语态。
14.Last year, five Chinese teachers to a school in the UK to teach the British students in Chinese style for four weeks.
A. was sent B. were sent C. have sent D. sent
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:去年,五名语文老师被派往英国一所学校达四周时间用中国式措施教英国学生。根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系,因此用被动语态be done,故排除CD。根据主语是复数,因此系动词用were, 故选B。
【点评】考察被动语态,be动词辨析复数主语用were。
15.Hangzhou ________ as the City of Silk. Tourists like shopping for silk there.
A. knows B. is known C. was known D. will be known
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:杭州作为丝绸之都被被人们所熟知,人们喜欢在那里购置丝绸。
根据主语及动词之间关系可知本句是被动语态,故排除选项A;本句论述是大众平常行为,应选择一般目前时态,故选B。
【点评】动词语态重要通过主语及谓语动词之间关系表达出来,英语中语态又存在不一样石台上辨析,可根据语言环境进行选择。
16.Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today.
A. is; remembered B. is; remembering C. will; remember D. has; remembered
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大人民记着。 Dr Bethune是remember承受者,故使用被动语态,又因句中有时间状语 today(今天),故使用一般目前时被动语态,故选A。
【点评】考察一般目前时被动语态。根据时间状语,动词和主语关系确定对选项。
17.The students of Class One_________ how to do the experiment in class yesterday.
A. taught B. was taught C. were taught
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意是:在昨天课堂上学生们被教了怎样做试验。根据句意可知用被动语态,主语students 是名词复数形式,be 动词用 were,故选C。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态使用方法。
18. When you ______ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it.
A. give B. are giving C. gave D. are given
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】本题考察被动语态。句意:“当你被给一项艰巨任务时,试图继续做并完毕它。”give sb. sth.改成被动语态是sb be given sth.;根据语境,故选D。
19.It's reported that Ke Jie ______ by AlphaGo in May, .
A. beat B. beats C. was beaten D. will be beaten
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考察被动语态。根据in May, 已通过去懂得用一般过去时,故选C。
20.Our plan to clean the park tomorrow.
A. discusses B. will discuss C. will be discussed
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】考察动词时态及语态使用方法。句意:打扫公园计划将在明天被讨论。根据tomorrow可知,句子应当用一般未来时,句子主语plan与discuss 之间是被动关系。故选C。
21. -- Lily, will you go to Jenny's birthday party this Saturday?
-- I'm not sure. Because I so far.
A. have invited B. wasn't invited C. haven't been invited D. will be invited
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:——莉莉,这个周六你参与詹尼生日派对吗?——我不确定,由于我目前为止还没有被邀请。主语是动作承受者,因此用被动语态;so far,目前完毕时标志词,故选C
22.A: The school has a long history.
B: Yes, it more than l00 years ago.
A. built B. is built C. was built
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:一这所学校历史悠久。一是,它是一百数年前建。表达一百多前年发生过去动作,用一般过去时态,B错;主语it(指the school)是谓语动词build承受者,用被动语态。A错。故选C。
23.After Nanjing Youth Olympic Games Park ________, it will become a new tourist attraction.
A. completed B. has completed C. is completed D. was completed
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:在南京青少年运动会公园竣工之后,它会成为一种新旅游景点。当主句描述未来动作时,英语条件状语从句中用一般目前时态表达未来动作,从句主语是动作对象,故用被动语态。结合语境可知选C。
【点评】英语中时态重要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中时间状语,假如没有则要通过度析上下文,结合语境来判断句子时态。语态判断重要是确定句子主语与谓语动词关系。假如是积极关系则用积极语态,反之假如是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意某些特殊动词使用方法。
24.—Who is the little girl in the photo?
—It's me. The photo ______ 10 years ago.
A. took B. was taken C. has taken D. is taken
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意:——照片上小女孩是谁?——是我,这张照片是前拍。根据 photo和take之间是被动关系,又根据时间状语10 years ago,因此用一般过去时被动语态:was/were+过去分词;故答案为B。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态。掌握被动语态构成和使用方法。
25.Trees and flowers _______ every year to make our school more beautiful.
A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. will be planted
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】由句中主语“Trees and flowers”为事物可知此处应用被动语态,时间状语为every year,因此用一般目前时,故选B。
26.The sick girl ________ to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A. is taken B. took C. was taken
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:那个生病女孩昨天被她母亲送进了医院。yesterday是一般过去时标志,介词by是被动语态标志,因此用一般过去时被动语态,was taken,故选C。
【点评】考察语态,注意一般过去时被动语态使用方法。
27.—You haven't heard from Claire for a long time?
—No, since he abroad.
A. sent B. has sent C. was sent D. has been sent
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:——你很久没有Claire消息了吗?——是,自从她被送出国之后。根据连词since可知,本句时态为目前完毕时;再根据主语he和动词send动宾关系,可知应用目前完毕时被动语态has/have been+过去分词。故选D。
【点评】考察目前完毕时被动语态。注意掌握目前完毕时被动语态构造:has/have been+过去分词。
28.— Your classroom is very clean.
— Yes, it ________ every day.
A. cleans B. is cleaned C. is cleaning D. was cleaned
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:——你教室非常洁净。——是,它每天都被打扫。根据时间状语every day,以及主语it 和动词clean 动宾关系可知,本句应用一般目前时被动语态be+过去分词;根据主语it,可知be动词应用三单形式is,动词clean过去分词为cleaned,故选B。
【点评】考察一般目前时被动语态。注意掌握一般目前时被动语态构造:be+过去分词。
29.An English speech to the children in two days.
A. is given B. has been given C. will be given D. will give
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意:两天后将有一种给孩子们英语演讲。in+时间段,……后来,一般用一般未来时;speech与give构成被动关系,因此用一般未来时被动语态,故答案为C。
【点评】考察一般未来时被动语态。
30.Computers_______ many things and we_______ these modern machines.
A. are used to doing; are used to use B. are used to do; are used to using
C. used to do; are used to using D. are used to do; used to use
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:电脑用来做许多事情,我们习惯于使用这些现代机器。be used to do sth,被用来做……,be used to doing sth 习惯于做……,used to do sth,过去常常做某事。根据句意,故选B。
【点评】 考察被动语态使用方法。
31.Think carefully before deciding who ________.
A. invites B. is invited C. will be invited D. will invite
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:决定邀请谁之前,认真想想。结合句意,目前考虑谁将被邀请,故用一般未来时被动语态,故为will be invited,故选C。
【点评】考察宾语从句时态,主句为目前时态时候从句时态根据句意选择。被动构造be +done。
32.—Why did you leave that position?
—I ______a better position in another factory.
A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意: ——你为何离开那个职位?——另一家工厂给我提供了更好工作。根据助动词did,可知是一般过去时描述过去,offer和主语I是被动关系,故是一般过去时被动语态 , 故选D。
【点评】考察时态和语态,注意一般过去时被动语态使用方法。
33.—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork.Could you help him?
—No problem!I think he _______ to think twice before starting.
A. should be told B. can tell C. should tell D. can be telling
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意:——汤姆总是对他学业很粗心。你能协助他吗?——没问题!我认为他应当被告知在开始之前应再三思考。结合句意,他粗心,因此应告诉他要三思而后行,故应是被告知,故用被动语态,故选A。
【点评】此题考察情态动词被动语态使用方法。
34.A new school _________ last year in my hometown.
A. set up B. sets up C. is set up D. was set up
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:去年在我家乡建了一所新学校 。set up创 建,建立,安排,组建。School是set up这一动作承受者,因此该用被动语态。根据last year可知该用一般过去时。set是一种不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词都跟原形同样。因此选D。
35.He has ordered a watch on line for his father and it _______ to him before Father's Day.
A. send B. will be sent C. was sent D. sent
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意:他在网上为父亲订了一块表。将在父亲节前寄给他。It指代是“表”,作主语,与谓语动词send是逻辑上动宾关系,it是其承受者,用被动语态;从时态上看,表将在父亲节前寄给他,用一般未来时态,故选B。
36.Children should to be honest from a young age.
A. educate B. be educated C. punish D. be punished
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】考察被动语态。句意:应当从小教育孩子们做诚实人。Children是educate承受者,该用被动语态。因此选B。
37.Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun.
A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:造纸术是在两千年前被中国蔡伦发明。纸和发明是被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据 two thousand years ago , 可知应使用一般过去时,故答案是D。
【点评】考察一般过去时被动语态。注意根据主语与动词之间关系确定语态,根据时间状语确定期态。
38. ---I don't think sixteen-year-olds _______ to drive.
---I agree. They aren't serious enough at that age. ( )
A. can allow B. need be allowed C. should allow D. should be allowed
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意:—我认为不应当容许十六岁人开车。—我同意,在那个年龄他们还不够严厉。“容许十六岁人开车”。sixteen-year-olds作主语,用被动语态。A、C都是积极语态,错了。带有情态动词被动语态,由情态动词+be+及物动词过去分词构成。B need be allowed, 需要被容许;D should be allowed应当被容许,根据句义,对选D。
39.The books which ________ in that bookshop ________ well.
A. sold; sold B. are sold; are sold C. sell; sell D. are sold; sell
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意:在那个书店里被卖书卖得很好。定语从句主语 which 和sell之间是被动关系,因此用被动语态:be+过去分词,排除A/C;当sell表达某种东西自然属性和特点时,一般用积极形式表被动意义,sell well,表达书卖得好,用积极语态表被动;故答案为D.
【点评】考察被动语态。理解句意,掌握被动语态使用方法和构造。理解并掌握常用积极表被动构造。
40.He was _______ in the traffic accident.
A. injure B. injuring C. injured D. injurns
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:他在交通事故中受伤。动词,injure,伤害,与主语he 是被动关系,需要使用被动语态be done,根据助动词was,故此处是过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考察被动语态,注意injure和主语是被动关系使用方法。
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