英语英语翻译专项习题及答案解析及解析.doc

【英语】英语翻译专题习题及答案解析及解析

一、高中英语翻译
1．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy)
2．舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片，祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate)
3．通过数年建设，这个小镇目前和地震前同样充斥了活力。(as...as)
4．演出以一段五十多岁人耳熟能详经典音乐开始。(familiar)
5．她一看完那个有关已灭绝物种电视节目，就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)

【答案】
1．We enjoyed ourselves this New Year’s Day this year.
2．My uncle sent me a card yesterday to congratulate / congratulating me on my 18th birthday.
3．After years of / years’ construction, the little town is now as lively as it was before the earthquake / it
used to be before the earthquake.
4．The performance began with a piece of classical music which was familiar to people in their fifties.
5．No sooner had she watched the TV program on the extinct species than she made up her mind to join the wildlife protection organization.
【解析】
1．根据“今年元旦”可知，该句用一般过去时，玩得很开心用词组enjoy oneself
2．根据“昨天”可知，该句用一般过去时，congratulate 使用方法是congratulate sth或者congratulate sb on sth
3．根据“通过数年建设”可知，背面描述是建设后情形，即目前情形，因此用一般目前时，as..as..使用方法是形容词或者副词放在中间。
4．根据句意可知，演出已经开始了，事情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时，familiar使用方法是sb be familiar with sth 或者sth be familiar to sb
5．no sooner句型为no sooner ...than,由于no sooner与否认词，因此no sooner背面要用部分倒装句式。

2．高中英语翻译题：Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．为了安全起见，小孩不应当被单独留在家里。(leave)
_________________
2．深深吸了一口气，他面带微笑地走上了舞台。(with)
_________________
3．一种人待人处世方式能反应出他是怎样人。(the way)
_________________
4．只有当一系列奇数问题得到处理，到 2025 年，新能源汽车才能占汽车销量百分之二十。(Only)
_________________

【答案】
1．For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a child should not be left alone at home
2．Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.
3．The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.
4．Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察翻译，注意使用括号内提醒词进行翻译。
1．考察被动语态和“leave+宾语+宾补”构造。根据句意可知本句使用 leave sb alone表达“把某人单独留下”，children / a child与leave之间是被动关系，应当用被动语态，故翻译为： For the sake of safety/ For safety, children / a children should not be left alone at home
2．考察非谓语动词。he与take a deep breath之间是逻辑上主谓关系，并且take a deep breath明显发生在went up to之前，因此用目前分词完毕式作状语，故翻译为：Having taken a deep breath, he went up to the stage with a smile on his face.
3．考察定语从句和宾语从句。way作先行词，定语从句关系词，有三中引导措施：in which，that或省略，reflect为宾语从句，从句中缺乏表语，用what引导，故翻译为：The way a person treats others can reflect what kind of person he is.
4．考察倒装。account for表达“占（比例）”，“only+状语”位于句首时，其后要用部分倒装，故翻译为：Only when a series of technical problems are solved can new energy cars account for 20 percent of all the car sales by 2025.

3．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．熬夜大大影响健康。(affect)
_________________________
2．等他明年回来，这个体育馆就建好了。(by the time)
_________________________
3．从长远来看，你知识面越广，就越有能力应付工作中问题。(capable)
_________________________
4．据信，过度宠爱孩子会不知不觉地导致孩子坏脾气，甚至缺乏自理能力。(It)
_________________________

【答案】
1．Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.
2．By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.
3．In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.
4．It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.
【解析】
【分析】
本题考察翻译句子，注意使用括号内提醒词进行翻译。
1．考察非谓语动词。affect表达“影响”，是及物动词，背面直接接宾语，stay up表达“熬夜”，本句使用动名词作主语，陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，注意动名词作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，故翻译为：Staying up late affects one’s health greatly.
2．考察时态语态。by the time引导时间状语从句，表达未来时间时，从句用一般目前时，主句用未来完毕时，stadium与set up之间是被动关系，因此用未来完毕时被动语态，故翻译为：By the time he comes back next year, the stadium will have been set up.
3．考察固定句式。be capable of表达“可以”，根据句意可知本句使用“the+比较级，the+比较级”构造，表达“越……，就越……”，陈说是客观事实。用一般目前时，故翻译为：In the long run, the wider range of knowledge you have, the more capable you are of dealing with the problems at work.
4．考察形式主语和非谓语动词。ability后用不定式作后置定语，ability to do表达“做……能力”，根据提醒词可知本句使用it作形式主语，真正主语是背面that从句，陈说是客观事实，用一般目前时，故翻译为：It is believed that spoiling children too much may unconsciously cause their bad temper, even the lack of ability to take care of themselves.

4．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．这场因忽视规则引起事故值得我们深思。(ignore)
_________________________
2．梦想还是要有，但不努力就不也许实现。(unless)
_________________________
3．正是这次经历才让我明白，我不该太过忙碌而错过生活恩赐。(It)
_________________________
4．目前有一种非常令人费解现象:某些年轻父母们宁愿把诸多钱投资在早教上，也不乐意带娃旅行开阔眼界。(would rather)
_________________________

【答案】
1． The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection.
2． We still need to dream/have a dream, but it can’t be realized unless we work hard (on it).
3． It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize (that) I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gifts/blessings that life brings to me.
4． There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons.
【解析】
1．考察ignore有关使用方法。分析句子可知，本句为一般目前时，主语为The accident，用过去分词短语caused by ignoring the rules作The accident后置定语。谓语为deserve/be worth后可直接接动名词，此时积极形式体现被动含义，也可直接接名词。故翻译为：The accident caused by ignoring the rules deserves/is worth our deep thinking/ careful consideration/reflection.
2．考察unless有关使用方法。分析句子可知，本句为but连接两个句子，且为一般目前时，还波及unless引导条件状语从句。重点动词及动词短语为work hard“努力”，realize“实现”。故翻译为：We still need to dream/have a dream, but it can’t be realized unless we work hard (on it).
3．考察强调句式。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式，强调句时态为一般过去时，强调是this experience，realize后接that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中出现了too...to句式。错过生活恩赐为“miss the gifts/blessings”其中gifts/blessings被背面that引导定语从句所修饰，且在定语从句中作宾语。故翻译为：It was this experience that enabled/helped me to realize (that) I shouldn't be too busy to miss the gifts/blessings that life brings to me.
4．考察would rather有关使用方法。分析句子可知，phenomenon后接that引导同位语从句，同位语从句中波及到了would rather do sth than do sth使用方法。其中两个动词短语为invest much money in/into early education（诸多钱投资在早教上）expand their horizons（扩展视野）。故翻译为：There is a confusing phenomenon that many young parents would rather invest much money in/into early education than travel with kids to expand their horizons.

5．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．诸多人对他们潜能一无所知。(ignorant)
__________________________________
2．这些政策在一定程度上对该地区经济衰退负有责任。(extent)
__________________________________
3．自古以来老百姓就但愿天下太平，同各国人民友好相处。(long for)
__________________________________
4．青少年问题发展趋势值得我们关注和研究，也值得整个社会群策群力，共商对策。(which)
__________________________________

【答案】
1． Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).
2． These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.
3． Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries.
/Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.
4． The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.
【解析】
1．考察ignorant有关使用方法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般目前时，谓语动词为 be ignorant of...“不懂得”、“不懂”。结合汉意，故翻译为：Many people are totally ignorant of their potential (abilities/talents).
2．考察extent有关使用方法和时态。分析句子可知，句子为一般目前时，谓语动词为 be responsible for，to some extent“某一定程度上”为固定短语。结合汉意。故翻译为：These policies are to some extent responsible for the region’s economic decline.
3．考察动词短语和时态。分析句子可知，由句中 Since ancient times 可知，本句为目前完毕时，谓语动词为long for“ 渴望”，因此用have longed for。结合汉意。故翻译为 Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world to live together in friendship with people from/of all countries./Since ancient times people have longed for a peaceful world, where people of all/different countries live together in friendship.
4．考察关系代词。分析句子可知，本句时态为一般目前时，The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为主语，谓语为deserve。本句还波及非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句为一般目前时。The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems 为定语从句先行词，在定语从句中作deserve主语，因此关系代词为which。结合汉意。故翻译为：The developing trend of youth/adolescent/teenager problems deserves our attention and research/ analysis, which also deserves the joint efforts of the whole society to find solutions.

6．高中英语翻译题：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．他排了好几种小时才买到这个新出iPhone。（release）
2．一件雕塑赠送了都市博物馆，以纪念两个都市间珍贵友谊。（present）
3．他一进饭店，就被告知这家饭店可以手机扫二维码点餐。（Hardly）
4．虽说忠告逆耳利于行，这个年龄孩子很叛逆，你越劝，他也许越不会听。（advice）

【答案】
1．He waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone./ Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of / to commemorate / to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed/ told that he could order the food by scanning the code/ QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【解析】
1．考察时态和过去分词作定语。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“排队”wait…in line/ queue，“新出iPhone”the newly-released iPhone，其中一种时间状语从句“过了……才……”…before…；本句还可用“排了好几小时队”目前分词形式作为伴随状语，再结合其他汉语提醒，本句可译为：He had waited for (several) hours in line/ queued for several hours before he bought/ got the newly-released iPhone. Having waited/ after waiting for hours in line, he finally bought the newly-released iPhone.
2．考察被动语态和短语。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“以纪念”in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honor，“珍贵友谊”precious/ valuable friendship，雕塑 (statue/sculpture)和赠与(present)之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时被动语态，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：A statue/ sculpture was presented to City Musuem/ the museum in this city in honour of/ in memory of/ in remembrance of/ to commemorate/ to honour the valuable/ precious friendship between the two cities.
3．考察部分倒装和被动语态。根据汉语提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般过去时；“一……就……”hardly…when…，hardly置于句首时要部分倒装，“告知某人做某事”inform/tell sb. to do sth.，“使用手机扫描二维码”use his mobile phone to scan the QR code/ scan the QR code with his mobile phone，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：Hardly had he entered the restaurant when he was informed / told that he could order the food by scanning the code / QR code with his mobile phone./use his mobile phone to scan the QR code to order the food.
4．考察让步状语从句和固定句型。根据提醒可知，本句基础时态是一般目前时；“忠告”faithful/ frank/ honest advice，“越……越……”the + 比较级，the + 比较，“这个年龄孩子”children of this age，“很有也许做某事”be likely to do sth.，“叛逆”rebellious，“听取某人提议”follow one's advice，再结合其他汉语提醒，故本句可译为：Although faithful/ frank/ honest advice is unpleasant to ear but beneficial to one's behaviour, children of this age are so rebellious that the more advice you give him, the less likely he is to follow it./ The more you try to persuade him, the less likely he is to listen to you.
【点睛】
第三小题考察固定句型hardly…when…“一……就……”，该句型在时态上有规定，即主句用目前完毕时，从句用一般过去时，如把hardly置于句首时，主语要部分倒装。例如：
I had hardly fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。
→Hardly had I fallen asleep when I lay on the bed.
和它使用方法同样句型尚有no sooner…than…和scarcely…when…，例如：
I had no sooner fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.我一躺在床上就睡着了。
→No sooner had I fallen asleep than I lay on the bed.

7．高中英语翻译题：Translate tho following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
1．据报道这场森林大火吞噬了42条生命,摧毁了7000多幢房腿(It)
2．我国正在全力以赴增进经济与构造调整。(promote)
3．只有车记使备中国才能早日实现。(Only)
4．许多中国航空企业容许乘客在飞行过程中使用手机,这意味我们可以在空中玩喜欢游戏了。(allow)

【答案】
1．It was reported that the forest fire had killed 42 people and destroyed over 7000 buildings.
2．Our country is going all but to promote economic and structural adjustments.
3．Only when we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream be realized as soon as possible.
4．Many Chinese airlines allow passengers to use their smart phones during the flight, which means we can play our favorite games in the air.
【解析】
1．考察形式主语。It was reported that据报道，该句型是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，that引导主语从句中，使用过去完毕时，故翻译为It was reported that the forest fire had killed 42 people and destroyed over 7000 buildings.
2．考察时态和动词。表达正在进行动作，用目前进行时，promote是及物动词，背面直接接宾语，故翻译为Our country is going all but to promote economic and structural adjustments.
3．考察部分倒装。以“only+它所修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句”位于句首时，常使用部分倒装，故翻译为Only when we keep the mission in mind can the Chinese dream be realized as soon as possible.
4．考察固定句型和非限制性定语从句。allow sb. to do sth.容许某人做某事，该句型是固定句型。这里具有一种非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句内容，故翻译为Many Chinese airlines allow passengers to use their smart phones during the flight, which means we can play our favorite games in the air.

8．高中英语翻译题：Translation
1．这些保留完好历史建筑可以追溯到16世纪60年代。 (date)
2．John难得去老师那儿寻求协助，他觉得自学会使自已受益更多。 (Seldom)
3．基于个人消费历史网上年度账单也许会带来隐私泄露问题。 (bring)
4．近年来医患关系成为了社会热点，解除病人痛苦正是医生职责，病人也应充足信任与理解医生。 (relieve)

【答案】
1．These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.
2．Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.
3．Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.
4．Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.
【解析】
1．考察date back to使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，此处使用词组date back to“追溯到”，该词组没有被动语态，常使用一般目前时。故译为：These well-preserved historic buildings can date back to the 1560s.
2．考察seldom引导倒装句使用方法。seldom位于句首时，背面需要部分倒装；根据句意可知，此处描述是过去动作，应使用一般过去时和过去未来时。故译为：Seldom did John ask teacher for help, and he thought that teaching himself would be more beneficial.
3．考察bring about使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，此处使用词组bring about“带来”，句子描述是客观事实，应使用一般目前时。故译为：Only a yearly bill based on personal consuming history may bring about the leak of private problem.
4．考察relieve使用方法。根据句意及提醒词可知，此处使用动词relieve“解除”动名词词组做主语，句子使用目前完毕时和一般目前时，故译为：Recently, the relationship between doctors and patients has become a social hot point, but relieving the Patients’ pain is doctor's responsibility and the patients should fully believe and understand the doctors.

9．高中英语翻译题：Directions：Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
1．已经有越来越多人求援于瑜伽（yoga）来缓和工作中压力。（turn）
2．在我们做出最终决定之前，我们务必要把有关事实考虑在内。（consideration）
3．这个游戏独特之处在于它协助孩子学会怎样应对现实生活中他们也许遇到问题。（What）
4．只有通过参与小区志愿者活动才能有效地增强学生服务大众责任感。（Only）

【答案】
1．More and more people turn to yoga to relieve the stress from work.
2．Before we made the final decision,