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英语时态汇总
一般现在时
【定 义】
一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。即描述我们日常生活中的衣食住行等活动。
【用 法】
(1) 在实际应用中,一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用:
always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays ……
例句:He usually plays football on Sundays.
(2)没有时间状语,可以分以下四种类型:
A.be型
这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语,表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如:
①I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词)
②They are hungry.(主语+be动词+形容词)
③He is out.(主语+be动词+副词)
④That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词)
⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)
⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)
B.do型
do型由行为动词充当谓语,表示经常性或习惯性的动作,
其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如:
①I know it. ②He believes me.
C.there be型
there be型句子表示“某地存在…”,其构成为“there be+主语+其他”,表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”,即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数,则用there is;主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数,则用there are。如:
(1)There is an eraser on the teacher's desk.(主语an eraser是单数)
(2)There is an orange,five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)
D.情态动词型
情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”,情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语,表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如:
①He can speak a little English.(can+speak)
②May I have a book, please?(may+have)
【练 习】
一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。(Be动词)
一般现在时中的be动词有四中形式: am is are be
其中:am用于一人称主语I之后,构成I am…句型。
is 用于三人称单数主语she, he, it或单个的人和物之后,构成She/He/It is…句型。
are用于二人称you或复数主语we, they之后,构成You/We/They are…句型。
be为该动词的原形,用于情态动词can, may, must…之后或用于祈使句中。
如:Be careful! 当心!
1. Jim __________(be) a hard-working student at school.
2. __________(be) Tom and Sam in the same class?
3. Your school life __________(be) very interesting.
4. There __________(be) a pen, two rulers and some books on the desk.
5. The boys __________(be) very friendly to me.
6. Maria __________(be not) from the U.S.A.
7. __________(be) there any trees and a pool in the yard?
8. I want to __________(be) a teacher.
9. Mr. Wang can’t __________(be) at home, because the lights are off.
10. Don’t __________(be) late for school again.
二、 用所给词的适当形式填空。(情态动词)
情态动词有 can“能够,可以”
may“可以”
must必须 + 动词原形(不需变化)
should 应该
1. My mom can __________(cook) food well.
2. Must she __________(stay) at home now?
3. What can the boy __________(do) for his parents?
4. Tom can’t __________(sing) an English song.
5. He may __________(perform) ballet at Kangkang’s birthday party.
6. She should __________(help) her parents do some housework.
三、 用所给词的适当形式填空。(实义动词)
主语(一,二人称或三人称复数) + 动词原形
主语(三人称单数) + 动词三人称单数形式(动词s/es)
否定句中(don’t, doesn’t) + 动词原形
疑问句中(Do, Does + 主语) + 动词原形
1. Tom often __________(take) a talk after supper.
2. Tom and I usually __________(go) to school by bike.
3. Does Lin Tao __________(like) reading storybooks?
4. What classes do you __________(have) today?
5. How often does the girl __________(watch) TV?
6. Where do they __________(live) now?
7. Every year many people __________(lose) their lives in traffic accidents.
8. Sam doesn’t __________(get) up early in the morning.
9. Each of them __________(have) a nice schoolbag.
10. They each __________(sleep) late at night.
四、 句型转换。(Be动词)
否定句:直接在be动词之后加not。
疑问句:将be动词提到主语之前。
1. She is in a blue dress.(变否定句)
She __________ __________ a blue dress.
2. I am from Qijiang.(变一般疑问句)
__________ __________ from Qijiang?
3. Are the storybooks very interesting?(否定回答)
No, __________ __________.
4. His parents are both workers.(变一般疑问句)
__________ his parents __________ workers?
5. There are some nice books on the shelf.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ on the shelf?
五、 句型转换。(情态动词)
否定句:直接在情态动词之后加not。
疑问句:将情态动词提到主语之前。
1. My mother may speak a little English.(变否定句)
My mother __________ __________ speak a little English.
2. We should be careful when we cross the street.(变一般疑问句)
__________ __________ be careful when we cross the street?
3. Must I finish my homework at once?(作肯定和否定回答)
Yes, __________ __________.
No, __________ __________.
4. Tom can recite a Chinese poem.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ Tom __________?
六、 句型转换。(实义动词)
否定句:三人称单数主语 + doesn’t +还原动词
其他主语 + don’t + 动词
疑问句:Does + 三人称单数主语 + 还原动词?
Do + 其他主语 + 动词?
1. They often play the piano loudly.(变否定句)
They __________ often __________ the piano louldy.
2. Jim learns English well.(变一般疑问)
__________ Jim __________ English well?
3. She likes Sichuan food very much.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ she __________ very much?
4. Do the boys usually play football after school?(作肯定回答)
Yes, __________ __________.
5. She usually does some cooking in the evening.(变否定句)
She usually __________ __________ any cooking in the evening.
6. I want to do some shopping.(变一般疑问句)
__________ you __________ to do any shopping?
7. Tom often wathes TV at night.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ Tom often __________ at night?
8. They sometimes go swimming in the afternoon.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ they sometimes __________ in the evening?
一般过去时
【定 义】
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。即描述已经发生过了的事情。
【时间标志性词】 yesterday,the day before yesterday, in 2010, (three days) ago, last (night, month, year, weekend), just now, 另一般过去时也表示经常或反复发生的动作,常和often, always等表示频率的时间状语连用。例如:
I always went to school on foot last year. 去年我通常走路去上学。
【用 法】
A.be型
这一类型由be动词(was和were)+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语,表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如:
①I was a student ten years ago.(主语+be动词+名词)
②They were hungry just now.(主语+be动词+形容词)
③The bike was under the tree yesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语)
④It was rainy last Sunday.
⑤They were very happy at Kangkang’s birthday party.
B.did型
did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语,表示以前做过的某事,其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词”。如:
①I knew him when I was young. ②He believed me at that time .
C.there be(was/were)型
there be型句子表示“某地曾经存在…”,其构成为“there be(was/were)+主语
+其他”。用法遵循“就近原则”,
D.情态动词型
情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形”,情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语,表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如:
①He could speak a little English last year.(could+speak)
②What could she do when he was ten.
【练 习】
一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。(Be动词)
一般过去时中的be动词有两种形式: was和were
其中:was用于单数主语之后,构成I/she/he/It was…句型。
were用于复数主语和二人称you之后,构成You/We/They were…句型。
1. I __________(be) a little girl at that time.
2. When __________(be) you born?
3. Maria __________(be) born in Cuba.
4. The weather yesterday __________(be) very cold.
5. They __________(be) very happy at Kangkang’s birthday party yesterday.
6. What __________(be) the date the day before yesterday?
7. __________(be) you at home a moment ago?
8. Where __________(be) your parents last Saturday?
9. My mother __________(be not) in Chongqing last month.
10. How __________(be) the weather this morning?
二、 用所给词的适当形式填空。(情态动词)
情态动词can的过去式为could,无人称变化。
1. Jane __________(can) speak Chinese well when she was only five.
2. __________(can) they dance the disco last year?
3. I __________(can not) sleep well last night.
4. What __________(can) you do just now?
三、 用所给词的适当形式填空。(实义动词)
首先根据句中提供的时间短语确定是否该用过去式。
然后判断该动词是属于规则动词还是不规则动词。
规则动词直接加ed,不规则动词则需强化记忆。
1. I __________(like) reading books before. But now I don’t.
2. She __________(watch) TV late yesterday evening.
3. We __________(clean) up our classroom a moment ago.
4. __________ they __________(have) any bread this morning?
5. What __________ you __________(do) the day before yesterday?
6. Tom __________(go) to visit the Great Wall last year.
7. Mr. Wang __________(sing) an English song just now.
8. __________ Lin Tao have a good time at the party last Sunday?
9. We __________(not porform) ballet yesterday. We __________(recite) a poem.
10. The wind yesterday __________(blow) strongly.
四、 句型转换。(Be动词)
否定句:直接在was/were后加not。
疑问句:将was/were提到主语之前。
1. I was born in a small town.(变为一般疑问句)
__________ you __________ in a small town?
2. Sam was a little boy at that time.(变为否定句)
Sam __________ __________ little boy at that time.
3. His friends were in the library just now.(对划线部分提问)
__________ __________ his friends just now?
4. Were they very happy yesterday?(作否定回答)
No, __________ __________.
5. Was your brother born in Chongqing?(作肯定回答)
Yes, __________ __________.
五、 句型转换。(情态动词)
肯定句:直接在could后加not.
疑问句:将could提到主语之前。
1. I could sing English songs when I was five.(变一般疑问句)
__________ you __________ English songs when you were five?
2. The boy could ride a bike last year.(变否定句)
The boy __________ __________ a bike last year.
3. They could play a game yesterday.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ they __________ yesterday?
4. Could your friends cook food last Sunday?(作肯定回答)
Yes, __________ __________.
六、 句型转换。(实义动词)
否定句:didn’t + 还原动词
疑问句:Did + 主语 + 还原动词
1. I went to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.(变否定句)
I __________ __________ to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.
2. She recited a poem at Kangkang’s birthday party.(变一般疑问句)
__________ she __________ a poem at Kangkang’s birthday party?
3. They did their homework half an hour ago.(变否定句)
They __________ __________ their homework half an hour ago.
4. Tom sang a song beautifully yesterday.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ Tom __________ yesteray?
5. Jim took many pictures in winter holidays.(变一般疑问句)
__________ Jim __________ many pictures in winter holidays?
6. Did the kid hurt himself just now?(做否定回答)
No, __________ __________.
7. They knew the girl in blue well?(对划线部分提问)
Who __________ they __________ well?
8. I forgot to close the door yesterday evening.(对划线部分提问)
What __________ you __________ to do yesterday evening?
现在(正在)进行时
【定 义】现在(正在)进行时表示说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的事情。
如:They are singing and dancing happily now .
他们正在高兴地唱歌跳舞。
She is showing her friend around the city .
她正在带一位朋友游览城市。
【结 构】主语+ be(am / is / are)+动词的-ing形式。
肯定句形式:
I + am 动词ing. 如:I am reading (read) an interesting story book now.
She/He/It + is 动词ing. 如:Tom is reading (read) an interesting story book now.
We/You/They + are动词ing. 如:They are reading (read) an interesting story book now.
否定句形式:
直接在be(am, is, are)之后加not,其余照抄。
如: I am not reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.
Tom isn’t reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.
They aren’t reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.
一般疑问句:
直接将be(am, is, are)提到主语之前,其余照抄。
如:Is Tom reading (read) an interesting story book now?
Are they reading (read) an interesting story book now?
特殊疑问句:首先分析划线部分的意思,确定用哪个疑问词(what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what … doing, where … going, what … do),然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式(即将be动词提到主语之前,其余的不变)。
如:What time is Tom reading(read) an interesting story book?
Where are they taking(take) pictures?
现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总:
现在(正在)进行时常与一些固定的时间短语搭配使用:
① now“现在”
如: Jim is playing soccer now.
② Look! Listen! “看啊!听啊!”
如:Look! Mr. Lee is working on the puter.
Listen! The birds are sing in the tree.
③ right now= at the moment“此刻”
如:The monkeys are climbing up the trees at the momnet.
④ Where is…? 问题的回答,暗指说话的时候。
如:—Where is your mom, Tom?
—Oh, she is cooking in the kitchen.
⑤ 前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。
【练 习】
一、 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. My parents ____________(watch)TV now.
2. Look. Three boys ___________(run).
3. What _______ your mother ___________(do)now?
4. _______ your dog ___________ now?(sleep)
5. _______ you ___________(listen)to music? Yes, I am.
6. Look, Miss Chen ___________ football.(play)
7. Tom and his sister ___________(wait)for you over there.
8. Now Class 3 and Class 4___________(have)a test.
9. Listen, someone ___________(sing)in the classroom.
10. ——Where is Zhang Yan?
——She ___________(talk)with her teacher in the teacher’s office.
11. The boy ___________ _____________ ( draw)a picture now.
12. Listen .Some girls __________ ____________ ( sing)in the classroom .
13. My mother __________________ ( cut )some bread now.
14. What _________ you __________ ( do ) now?
15. Look. They __________________( have) an English lesson .
16. They __________ _________(not ,play) basketball now.
17.Look! the girls __________ _____________(dance )in the classroom .
18.What is our grandmother doing? She _______________(watch) TV.
19. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _________ ___________(have)supper now
20. The cats (run) in the garden now.
二、 句型转换。
1. Look! Lily is dancing.(改为一般疑问句)
________________________________________________
2. Kate is looking for her watch.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________
3. Mrs White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问)
________________________________________________
4. I am doing homework.(改为否定句)
________________________________________________
5. They are waiting for you at the library.(就划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________
三、 根据中文提示完成句子:
1. 小花不是在写作业,她在画画。
Xiao Hua ____________ _________ homework. She _________ _________ pictures.
2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。
Miss Li _________ _________ a red dress today.
3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗?
_________ your grandpa _________ the newspaper?
4. Tom和Jim在做什么?
_________ _________ Tom and Jim _________?
5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球?
_________ they ________ basketball _________ volleyball?
一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时综合练习
一、写出下列动词的三单形式和过去式
三单 过去式 三单 过去式 三单 过去式 三单 过去式
buy _______ _______ fly _____ _______ plant ______ _______ study ______ _______
drink _____ ______ play_____ _______ go ______ _______ make ______ _______
do _______ ______ dance ______ ______ worry ______ _______ ask _______ _______
taste _____ ______ eat ___ ___ ___ __ read ______ _ _ put ________ ________
let ______ ______ run _______ _______ keep _____ _______ have ______ ________
find _____ ______ get ___ ___ ___ _ eat ______ ___ ___ ring _______ ________
write_____ _______ sleep _______ _______ give _____ _______ stop ______ _______
二. 用正确的动词形式填空
1. The children are ___________ (run) there now.
2. -I ________ up at half past six this morning. (get )
-My father always __________(e) back from work very late.
3. My mother ____________ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)
4. Listen! Who__________(sing) in the music room? Oh. Mary _______(sing) there.
5. They ________ _________ a meeting yesterday. ( not have)
6. - ______ you _________ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I don’t have any.
7. She likes eggs, but she __________________ (not like) bread.
8. My mother (tell) me a story every night.–
9. – How much meat ________ you ___________ (want) ? - A kilo, please.
10. Someone __________ (be) in the next room.
11. There __________ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box.
12. You must _________ (get) here at two this afternoon.
13. The twins _________ thirteen two years ago. (be)
14. Where __________ her friend _____________ (swim) now, do you know?
15. We must __________ (help ) the teacher carry it.
16. Who __________ (teach) you English in your
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