高一年英美文学爱伦坡乌鸦EdgarAllenPoeandTheRaven1.pptx

<p>单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Edgar Allen Poe,坡,(1809,1849),E.A.Poe(18091849),Poes mother,Edgar Allan Poe,A.,novelist,poet,critic;,B.,good at writing,Gothic,and detective fiction,father of western detective stories;,C.,father of,psychoanalytic criticism,;,I.Life,Important Points,1.Poes major works.,2.Poes literary characteristics and achievements,Introduction,a miserable childhood,was adopted by John Allan,an unhappy relationship,entered the University but didnt finish,went to West Point but was dismissed,at 27 he married his 13-year-old cousin,her death in 1847 left him a bitterer life,died in mysterious circumstances,in 1849,Introduction,a villain with no virtue,an evil genius,Emerson:the jingle man,Whitman:“its narrow range and unhealthy,lurid quality(不丰富的选材和不安康、可怕的质量),He was understood by critics and other writers in America.,Introduction,Poe enjoyed respect and welcome,in Europe,His reputation was first made in France,Today,his works are read with appreciation and understanding.,Poes influence was considerable in Spain,Italy,Germany and Russia,.,Introduction,Shaws evaluation of Poes achievement,a critic,a poet,，,a short story writer,the greatest journalistic critic of his time,his poetry is“exquisitely refined“(,精致优雅,),his tales are complete works of art,a great writer of fiction,a poet of the first rank,and a critic of insight,Poes Major Literary Works,1)“The Raven 乌鸦,poems,2)“Annable Lee 安娜贝尔李,3)“The Sleeper 睡梦人,4)“A Dream Within a Dream 梦中梦,5)“SonnetTo Science 十四行诗致科学,6)“To Helen 致海伦,7)“The City in the Sea 海中的城市earlier entitled The Doomed City 衰败的城市,Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque,述异集,a collection of short stories,tales,two kinds,Horror,Ratiocination推理,“The Murders in the Rue Morgue 莫格街谋杀案,“The Gold Bug金甲虫,“The Black Cat 黑猫,“The Cask of Amontillado,红色死亡假面舞会,“Ligeia莉盖亚,“The Fall of the House of Usher,“The Purloined Letter被窃的信件,“The Mystery of Marie Roget 玛丽罗杰谜案,works,The Philosophy of Composition 创作原理,The Poetic Principle 诗歌原则,Literary theory,Themes,1.death predominant theme,2.horror,“Poe is not interested in anything alive.Everything in Poes writings is dead.,3.negative thoughts of science,III.Gothic Novel,The Gothic novel,or“Gothic romance flourished through the early nineteenth century.Authors of such novels set their stories in the medieval period,often in a gloomy castle,and made plentiful use of ghosts,mysterious disappearances,and other sensational and supernatural occurrences;their principal aim was to evoke chilling terror by exploiting mystery,cruelty,and a variety of horrors.,The term“gothic has also been extended to denote代表，表现 a type of fiction that,a.develops an atmosphere of gloom or,terror,b.represents events which are mysterious,horrible,or extremely violent,and,c.often deals with abnormal psychological,states.,Poes theory for poetry,poems,short but achieve,maximum effect,produce a feeling of beauty in the reader,pure“,not to moralize,He stresses rhythm,insists on an even(规那么的)metrical flow,真实能够满足人的理智,感情能够满足人的心灵,而美那么能冲动人的灵魂,Poes theory for short story,Short story should be of,brevity,totality,single effect,compression(,压缩,)and finality.,Poes achievement,1.,His aesthetics,his call for the rhythmical creation of beauty have influenced French symbolists and the devotees of art for arts sake.,2.He is the father of,psychoanalytic(,心理分析的,)criticism.,3.He is the father of the detective story.,The analysis of,some,images,in,The Raven,Edgar Allan Poe,The raven and the demon,Backgrounds of The Raven,Virginia,Poes wife,died of tuberculosis at only 24.Poe wrote this poem during her illness of TB when he felt she would die someday because TB,at that time,was a incurable disease.,Professor David Rein considered the beautiful Sarah Elmira Royster,Poes neighbor,was the,prototype,of the Lenore.They loved each other when Poe was young,but Sarahs father opposed them,so they were pitifully taken apart.And thats the lost beauty.Maybe its the reason why Poe ghastly scared his friends or we can say his wife would leave.,Key points of,The Raven,1)It took Poe four years to complete this poem.It was first published in 1845 and revised several times in later editions.,2)Poe cited this poem as an example in“The Philosophy of Composition to show how a poem should be composed.This poem corresponds to Poes basic principles of poetry writing.,3)It is an elegy,expressing the sorrow or grief over somebodys sudden death.,4)It is not long,108 lines,readable at one sitting.5)The poetic theme is the lamentation over the death of a beautiful woman.,6)The general tone of the poem is melancholy.,7)It reads very rhythmical,with different varieties of rhymes.,8)The poem is composed of 18 six-line stanzas,the first five lines being trochaic octameter,and the sixth line a trochaic tetrameter.,9)The repetition of the/sound at the end of different rhymes and the refrain(lines repeated at the end of stanzas or a poem for expressive effect),“nevermore,suggest mourning and grief.,10)The rhyming scheme of the poem is abcbbb,Some Important Images,Can you tell us some poems related to the raven(in Chinese),And what do you think the image-raven shows us,乌鸦诗,秋思 马致远 枯藤老树,昏鸦,，小桥流水人家。古道西风瘦马，夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯。,秋思 白朴,孤村落日残霞,轻烟老树,寒鸦,一点飞虹影下,青山绿水,白草红叶黄花。,Meaning changing,Actually before Tang dynasty the raven had a meaning of luck and people thought they were prophets,but after Tang the raven has become an ill-omen,symbolizing loneliness,mystery,sadness and even death which is similar to the image in The Raven.,乌鸦在中国传统文化中的形象：,在唐代以前，乌鸦在中国民俗文化中是有桔祥和预言作用的神鸟，有“乌鸦报喜，始有周兴的历史常识传说，汉董仲舒在春秋繁露同类相动中引尚书传：“周将兴时，有大赤乌衔谷之种而集王屋之上，武王喜，诸大夫皆喜。古代史籍淮南子左传史记也均有名篇记载。,唐代以后，方有乌鸦主凶兆的学说出现，唐段成式酉阳杂俎：“乌鸣地上无好音。人临行，乌鸣而前行，多喜。此旧占所不载。,无论是凶是吉，“乌鸦反哺，羔羊跪乳是儒家以自然界的的动物形象来教化人们“孝和“礼的一贯说法，因此乌鸦的“孝鸟形象是几千年来一脉相传的。本草纲目禽慈鸟中称：“此乌初生，母哺六十日，长那么反哺六十日，可谓慈孝矣。但乌鸦是否真的具有这种习性，还有待现代人的研究和观察证实。,The raven,Raven:a kind of ominous bird that symbolizes death,With whole black feathers,the raven,almost in silence except saying one word-nevermore,seemed to be a grim ghost from the Nights Plutonian shore,The unlucky bird made the speaker scarcely worried that his friends would leave him again and his hopes would break.It also beguiled him into an illusion of forgetting pain,but eventually the raven like a demon caused the speakers soul lifted-nevermore.,the Nights Plutonian shore:,黑夜中的的冥界的冥界海岸,The Raven,Once upon a midnight dreary,while I pondered,weak and weary.,Over many a quint and curious volume of forgotten lore.,While I nodded,nearly napping,suddenly there came a tapping,As of some one rapping,rapping at my chamber door.,Tis some visitor,I muttered,tapping at my chamber door-,Only this,and nothing more.,从前一个阴郁的子夜，我单独沉思，慵懒疲竭，,面对许多古怪而离奇、并早已被人遗忘的书卷；,当我开场打盹，几乎入睡，突然传来一阵轻擂，,仿佛有人在轻轻叩击轻轻叩击我房间的门环。,“有客来也，我轻声嘟喃，“正在叩击我的门环，,惟此而已，别无他般。,Ah,distinctly I remember it was in the bleak December,And each separate dying ember wrought its ghost upon the floor.,Eagerly I wished the morrow;-vainly I had tried to borrow,From my books surcease of sorrow-sorrow for the lost Lenore-,For the rare and radiant maiden whom the angels name Lenore-,Nameless here for evermore,哦，我清楚地记得那是在风凄雨冷的十二月，,每一团奄奄一息的余烬都形成阴影伏在地板。,我当时真盼望翌日,因为我已经枉费心机,想用书来消除伤悲，消除因失去丽诺尔的伤感，,因那位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳，,在此已抹去芳名，直至永远。,And the silken sad uncertain rustling of each purple curtain,Thrilled me-filled me with fantastic terrors never felt before;,So that now,to still the beating of my heart,I stood repeating,Tis some visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door-,Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber door;-,This it is and nothing more.,那柔软、暗淡、飒飒飘动的每一块紫色窗布,使我心中充满前所未有的恐惧，我毛骨悚然；,为平息我心儿的悸跳我站起身反复念叨,“这是有客人想进屋，正在叩我房间的门环，,更深夜半有客人想进屋，正在叩我房间的门环，,惟此而已，别无他般。,Presently my soul grew stronger;hesitating then no longer,Sir,said I,or Madam,truly your forgiveness I implore;,But the fact is I was napping,and so gently you came rapping,And so faintly you came tapping,tapping at my chamber door,That I scarce was sure I heard you-here I opened wide the door;,Darkness there,and nothing more.,于是我的心变得坚强；不再犹疑，不再彷徨，,“先生，我说，“或夫人，我求你多多包涵；,刚刚我正睡意昏昏，而你敲门又敲得那么轻，,你敲门又敲得那么轻，轻轻叩我房间的门环，,我差点以为没听见你，说着我翻开门扇,但惟有黑夜，别无他般。,Deep into that:darkness peering,long I stood there wondering,fearing,Doubting,dreaming dreams no mortal ever dared to dream before;,But the silence was unbroken,and the darkness gave no token,And the only word there spoken was the whispered word,Lenore!,This I whispered,and an echo murmured back the word,Lenore!,Merely this,and nothing more.,凝视着夜色幽幽，我站在门边惊惧良久，,疑惑中似乎梦见从前没人敢梦见的梦幻；,可那未被打破的寂静，没显示任何象征，,“丽诺尔？便是我嗫嚅念叨的惟一字眼，,我念叨“丽诺尔，回声把这名字轻轻送还；,惟此而已，别无他般。,Then into the chamber turning,all my soul within me burning,Soon I heard again a tapping somewhat louder than before.,Surely,said I,surely that is something at my window lattice;,Let me see,then,what thereat is,and this mystery explore-,Let my heart be still a moment and this mystery explore;,Tis the wind,and nothing more!,我转身回到房中，我的整个心烧灼般疼痛，,很快我又听到叩击声，比刚刚听起来明显。,“肯定，我说，“肯定有什么在我的窗棂；,让我瞧瞧是什么在那儿，去把那秘密发现，,让我的心先镇静一会儿，去把那秘密发现；,那不过是风，别无他般！,Open here I flung the shutter,when,with many a flirt and flutter,In there stepped a stately raven of the saintly days of yore.,Not the least obeisance made he;not a minute stopped or stayed he;,But,with mien of lord or lady,perched above my chamber door-,Perched upon a bust of Pallas just above my chamber door-,Perched,and sat,and nothing more.,然后我推开了窗户，随着翅膀的一阵猛扑，,一只神圣往昔的乌鸦庄重地走进我房间；,它既没向我致意问候，也没有片刻的停留，,而是以绅士淑女的风度栖到我房门的上面，,栖在我房门上方一尊帕拉斯半身雕像上面；,栖息在那儿，仅如此这般。,Then this ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into smiling,By the grave and stern decorum of the countenance it wore,Though thy crest be shorn and shaven,thou,I said,art sure no craven.,Ghastly grim and ancient raven wandering from the nightly shore-,Tell me what thy lordly name is on the Nights Plutonian shore!,Quoth the raven,Nevermore.,于是这只黑鸟把我悲伤的幻觉哄骗成微笑，,以它那老成持重一本正经温文尔雅的容颜，,“冠毛虽被剪除，我说，“但你显然不是懦夫，,你这幽灵般可怕的古鸦，漂泊来自夜的此岸，,请告诉我你尊姓大名，在黑沉沉的冥府阴间！,乌鸦答曰“永不复焉。,Much I marvelled this ungainly fowl to hear discourse so plainly,Though its answer little meaning-little relevancy bore;,For we cannot help agreeing that no living human being,Ever yet was blessed with seeing bird above his chamber door-,Bird or beast above the sculptured bust above his chamber door,With such name as Nevermore.,听见如此直率的答复，我对这丑鸟感到惊讶，,尽管它的答复不着边际与提问几乎无关；,因为我们不得不成认，从来没有活着的世人,曾如此有幸地看见一只鸟栖在他房门的上面，,看见鸟或兽栖在他房门上方的半身雕像上面，,而且名叫“永不复焉。,But the raven,sitting lonely on the placid bust,spoke only,That one word,as if his soul in that one word he did outpour.,Nothing further then he uttered-not a feather then he fluttered-,Till I scarcely more than muttered Other friends have flown before-,On the morrow he will leave me,as my hopes have flown before.,Then the bird said,Nevermore.,但那只栖于肃穆的半身雕像上的乌鸦只说了,这一句话，仿佛它倾泻灵魂就用那一个字眼。,然后它便一声不吭也不把它的羽毛拍动，,直到我几乎在喃喃自语“其他朋友早已离散，,明晨它也将离我而去，如同我的希望已消散。,这时乌鸦说“永不复焉。,Startled at the stillness broken by reply so aptly spoken,Doubtless,said I,what it utters is its only stock and store,Caught from some unhappy master whom unmerciful disaster,Followed fast and followed faster till his songs one burden bore-,Till the dirges of his hope that melancholy burden bore,Of Never-nevermore.,惊异于屋里的寂静被如此恰当的回话打破，,“肯定，我说，“此话是它惟一会说的人言，,从它不幸的主人口中学来。一连串横祸飞灾,曾接踵而至，直到它主人的歌中有了这字眼，,直到他希望的挽歌中有了这个忧郁的字眼,永不复焉，永不复焉。,But the raven still beguiling all my sad soul into smiling,Straight I wheeled a cushioned seat in front of bird and bust and door;,Then,upon the velvet sinking,I betook myself to linking,Fancy unto fancy,thinking what this ominous bird of yore-,What this grim,ungainly,ghastly,gaunt,and ominous bird of yore,Meant in croaking Nevermore.,但那只乌鸦仍然在骗我悲伤的灵魂露出微笑，,我即刻拖了张软椅到门边雕像下那乌鸦跟前；,然后坐在天鹅绒椅垫上，我开场产生联想，,浮想连着浮想，猜度这不祥的古鸟何出此言，,这只狰狞丑陋可怕不吉不祥的古鸟何出此言，,为何对我说“永不复焉。,This I sat engaged in guessing,but no syllable expressing,To the fowl whose fiery eyes now burned into my bosoms core;,This and more I sat divining,with my head at ease reclining,On the cushions velvet lining that the lamp-light gloated oer,But whose velvet violet lining with the lamp-light gloating oer,She shall press,ah,nevermore!,我坐着猜测那意思，但没对乌鸦说片语只言，,此时，它炯炯发光的眼睛已燃烧进我的心坎；,我依然坐在那儿猜度，把我的头靠得很舒服，,舒舒服服地靠着在灯光凝视下的天鹅绒椅垫，,但在这灯光凝视着的紫色的天鹅绒椅垫上面，,她还会靠么？啊，永不复焉！,Then,methought,the air grew denser,perfumed from an unseen censer,Swung by Seraphim whose foot-falls tinkled on the tufted floor.,Wretch,I cried,thy God hath lent thee-by these angels he has sent thee,Respite-respite and nepenthe from thy memories of Lenore!,Quaff,oh quaff this kind nepenthe,and forget this lost Lenore!,Quoth the raven,Nevermore.,接着我觉得空气变得稠密，被无形香炉熏香，,提香炉的撒拉弗的脚步声响在有簇饰的地板。,“可怜的人，我叹道，“是上帝派天使为你送药，,这忘忧药能终止你对失去的丽诺尔的思念；,喝吧，喝吧，忘掉你对失去的丽诺尔的思念！,这时乌鸦说“永不复焉。,Prophet!said I,thing of evil!-prophet still,if bird or devil!-,Whether tempter sent,or whether tempest tossed thee here ashore,Desolate yet all undaunted,on this desert land enchanted-,On this home by horror haunted-tell me truly,I implore-,Is there-is there balm in Gilead-tell me-tell me,I implore!,Quoth the raven,Nevermore.,“先知！我说“不管是先知是魔鬼，是鸟是魔，,是不是撒旦派你，或是暴风雨抛你，来到此岸，,来到这片妖惑鬼祟但却不惧怕魔鬼的荒原,来到这恐惧的小屋告诉我真话，求你可怜！,基列有香膏吗？告诉我，告诉我，求你可怜！,乌鸦说“永不复焉。,Prophet!said I,thing of evil!-prophet still,if bird or devil!,By that Heaven that bends above us-by that God we both adore-,Tell this soul with sorrow laden if,within the distant Aidenn,It shall clasp a sainted maiden whom the angels named Lenore-,Clasp a rare and radiant maiden,whom the angels named Lenore,Quoth the raven,Nevermore.,“先知！我说“不管是先知是魔鬼，是鸟是魔，,凭着我们都崇拜的上帝凭着我们头顶的苍天，,请告诉这充满悲伤的灵魂。它能否在遥远的仙境,拥抱一位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她纤尘不染，,拥抱一位被天使叫作丽诺尔的少女，她美丽娇艳。,乌鸦说“永不复焉。,Be that word our sign of parting,bird or fiend!I shrieked upstarting-,Get thee back into the tempest and the Nights Plutonian shore!,Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!,Leave my loneliness unbroken!-quit the bust above my door!,Take thy beak from out my heart,and take thy form from off my door!,Quoth the raven,Nevermore.,“让这话做我们的辞别辞，鸟或魔！我起身吼道，,“回你的暴风雨中去吧，回你黑沉沉的夜之此岸！,别留下你黑色的羽毛作为你灵魂谎过言的象征！,留给我完整的孤独！快从我门上的雕像上滚蛋！,让你的嘴离开我的心；让你的身子离开我房间！,乌鸦答曰“永不复焉。,And the raven,never flitting,still is sitting,still is sitting,On the pallid bust of Pallas just above my chamber door;,And his eyes have all the seeming of a demons that is dreaming,And the lamp-light oer him streaming throws his shadow on the floor;,And my soul from out that shadow that lies floating on the floor,Shall b</p>