大学综合英语Unit10-The-Idiocy-of-Urban-Life.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 8,Click to edit the outline text format,Second Outline Level,Third Outline Level,Fourth Outline Level,Fifth Outline Level,Sixth Outline Level,Seventh Outline Level,Eighth Outline Level,Ninth Outline Level,*,无忧,PPT,整理发布,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 10,Text 1,The Idiocy of Urban Life,1,Learning Objectives,：,After learning this unit,you are required to master all the new words and employ them in conversation and writing.,be able to paraphrase all the topic sentences in Text 1.,aware the authors purpose of writing and grasp the main structure through an intensive reading of Text 1.,have a good understanding of the style of the text,argumentation,most of which consists of three parts:,the,thesis,of the author,the,evidences,to support the thesis,and the,summary,or conclusion of the argument.,2,Pre-reading questions:,What are the major differences between city life and country life?,Where do you prefer to live,in the city or in the country?Please give evidences to support your choice.,(argue for the advantages of city life and country life respectively),3,Highlight,This argumentative essay comprises three parts.,The author,first,presents to us that the,aggressively individualistic and atomized urban life,today goes against both the purpose of the city and the human nature,and thus is foolish.,Then,he provides evidences for the idiocy of urban life.,Finally,the author reiterates his point.,4,This text can be divided into three parts.,Part One(Paragraphs 1-2):,In this part,the author presents the thesis of his argument:,aggressively individualistic and atomized urban life,today goes against both the purpose of the city and the human nature,and thus is,foolish,.,5,Part Two(Paragraphs 3-9):,In this part,the author provides evidences for the idiocy of urban life.,Para.3-4:discussing the,pretense of city dwellers,when they try to live outside the city boundaries;,Para.5-6:putting forward the point that city work is,much less meaningful than farming,;,Para.7:proving that the city dwellers live and work in an,unreal environment,;,Para.8-9:showing the,damage done by the office work,to the physical conditions of the workers.,6,Part 3(Paragraph 10):,In this part,the writer,summarizes,the idiocy of urban life and the ultimate reasons for this phenomenon.,On the one hand,city dwellers try to,simulate,rural life,and on the other hand,they,disdain,and,mock,this life.,7,Text Study,Questions for discussion from paragraphs 1,2,What is urban life like at night?,What does the author think of the human urban life?,8,Text Study,Language Points from paragraphs 1-2,civil,a.polite and formal,His manner was civil,though not particularly friendly.,more often:,civil engineering,civil war,civil official,civil case,civil law,土木工程,内战,文官,民事案件,民法,9,cruise,:(of a vehicle or its driver)travel(at an efficient speed),e.g.1)The plane is,cruising,at an altitude of 35,000 feet.,2)We are planning to spend our retirement,cruising,on luxury liners around the world.,cruises,easily through,blinking,traffic lights:moves easily through traffic lights that turn red and green alternately,10,Words and Expressions,reign,v.,It is the rats that reign urban life according to,the author.,n.in the reign of William II,congregate,v.,Why do people like to congregate in large cities?,congregation n.,Touched by her singing,the congregation,applauded in delight.,11,Text Study,1.All work that has to be done at those hours is,useful,in bakeries,for example.Even the newspaper presses stop,turning forests into lies,.(Translate),What do the sentences imply?,A,metaphoric and cynical,way of saying things,meaning:,”,doing propaganda work on paper,”,12,Text Study,2.With their pink ears and paws,sleek,well-,groomed,their whiskers,combed,rats are,true city dwellers.,with+n/pron+adj,.,He left the room with the door open.,Don,t talk with your mouth full.,with+n/pron+done,The fellow stood there with his hands crossed.,13,Text Study,with+n/pron+adv.,With the radio on,grandma slept deeply in,the chair.,with+n/pron+to do,With so many problems to settle,the new manager was too worried to eat anything.,with+n/pron+prep.phrase,The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy.,14,3.Unban life,during the hours they,rein,is,urbane,.,Rats make city life,orderly and courteous,when they dominate the city at night.,15,4.during an,insomniac,night:during a,sleepless,night,The word“insomniac”here is used as a,transferred epithet,to modify something,inanimate,.,More examples of transferred epithet:,Even so,the risk of discovery was beginning to cause Pettit,sleepless,nights.,He threw a,reassuring,arm,around my shoulder.,16,5.But after 6 a.m.,the two-legged,daytime creatures of the city begin to stir;and,it is,they,not the rats,wh,o,bring the rat race.,在强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语、宾语、状语等。当被强调部分为,sb.,，且在句中作主语时，可用,who,，也可用,that,，其它情况一律用,that,。强调主语时，,that,后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语人称与数保持一致。,e.g.I am going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.,17,It is,I,who am going to meet my friend at the airport tomorrow.(,强调主语,),It is,my friend,that Im going to meet at the airport tomorrow.(,强调宾语,),It is,at the airport,that Im going to meet my friend tomorrow.(,强调地点状语,),It is,tomorrow,that Im going to meet my friend at the airport.(,强调时间状语,),18,Text Study,6.rat race,:fierce competition,争斗，商业竞争,He got out of the rat race because he wanted to take a look at the real world.,He was one of the few people who survived the rat race.,19,Text Study,7.Urban life today is,aggressively individualistic and atomized,.,How do you understand the sentence?,20,Words and expressions,for Part II,21,disdain,:think oneself superior to;reject,e.g.1)The older musicians,disdain,the new,rock-influenced music.,2)Our new neighbors seem to be,disdaining,to speak to us.,Disdainful,3)Do you think those living in cities disdain rural life?,4)What do people usually disdain?,disdain vulgar practices:dishonesty/flattering etc.,22,simulation,:,imitation,of the conditions of(a situation etc.);,resemblance,e.g.I was quite deceived by her,simulation,of sorrow.,People try to,create simulation of rural life,by planting large patches of grass and prim new trees.,simulate,:imitate;give the appearance of,e.g.In cheap furniture,plastic is often used to,simulate,wood.,Anne simulated pleasure at seeing Simon,but she wished he hadnt come.,23,in the richer ones further out,:in the richer suburbs farther away from the city boundary,prim new trees,:neatly,prune,d new trees,prim:1)neat e.g.a,prim,garden,2)very formal and correct in behavior and easily shocked by anything rude,e.g.She is much too,prim and proper,to go into a pub.,24,frenzy,:uncontrolled and excited behavior or emotion,which is sometimes violent,e.g.1)A gunman killed ten people in a murderous,frenzy,today in that city.,2)The audience,worked themselves up into a frenzy,as they waited for the singer to come on stage.,25,scandal,:1)something that causes a public feeling of outrage or indignation,e.g.The minister was forced to resign after a,scandal,involving him and another ministers wife.,2)malicious gossip,e.g.Someone must have been spreading,scandal,.,26,reel,:move from side to side unsteadily,e.g.1)At closing time he,reeled,out of the pub and,across the road.,2)She hit him so hard that he,reeled,across the,room.,the rural life that has,been surrendered for,the city lights:the rural life that has,given way to,the city lights,27,precondition,n.,Can you tell as many words with the prefix,“,pre,”,as you can?,preview,prelude,prepare,preschool,preposition,prehistoric,preface,28,exertion,n.,He was painting the house with,exertion,.,physical,exertion,exert v.,exert,all one,s strength,exert,one,s influence on sb.,29,Text Study,Questions for discussion from paragraphs 39,The author provides the evidences for the idiocy of unban life,such as,the pretense of city dwellers when they try to live outside the city boundaries,insignificant city work,an unreal environment in which the city dwellers live,and the damage done by the office work to the physical conditions of the workers,.,30,Text Study,What is the author,s evidence that city dwellers try to simulate rural life?,What is it that attracts city dwellers to the country?Can their dream come true?Why or why not?,What characteristics does the author think city work has?,31,Text Study,4.What is the most symbolic lunacy of all urban life?Why?,5.Why cannot city dwellers have any true sense of season changes?,6.What causes Americans to be the most round-shouldered in the world?,32,Text Study,Disdaining,rural life,they try to create simulations of it.(Paraphrase),Although they,dislike and scorn,rural life,they attempt to imitate it.,No effort is spared to,(Translate),spare no effort:try every means,We must spare no effort to maintain social stability.,政府不遗余力地支持我们的环保项目。,The government spared no effort to support our environmental protection project.,33,Text Study,3.head v.,head for the library,head west,head to Beijing,4.the Hamptons,Long Island,34,Text Study,35,5.City dwellers,take the city with them,to the country,for they will not live without its,pamperings,.,People in the city create all kinds of,city vogues,when they go to the country,for they cannot live without,the fashionable things,of city life.,36,Text Study,6.Soon the countryside will be just,as,nourishing,to them,as,the city dwellers take their filth with them.,as:adv.equally,My sister sang as sweetly as a nightingale.,conj.because,He went to bed early,as he was exhausted.,37,Text Study,7.At the same time they maintain the,pointless frenzy,of,their work hours,in their hours,off,.,(Paraphrase and translate),they extend their,purposeless wild behaviors,in their work to their leisure time.,38,8.It merely means that,to the rush-hour traffic into the city there is now added a rush-hour traffic out to the suburbs in the morning and back around and across the city in the evening,.,there is now a rush-hour traffic out to the suburbs in the morning and back around and across the city in the evening added to the rush-hour traffic into the city.,This is a,partly inverted sentence,39,Text Study,9.,As,the farmer walks down to his farm in the morning,the city dwellers is dressing for the first idiocy of his day,which,he not only accepts but even seeks,the journey to work.,as:while,at the same time that,which:the first idiocy of his day,40,10.The windows are a,scandal,The windows are,disgraceful,Their affair created a scandal in the office.,11.Thus it is not surprising that the urban worker,has no knowledge of,the season.,很多美国人对中国的历史、地理和文化一无所知。,Many Americans have no knowledge of Chinese history,geography and culture.,41,Text Study,12.,but no true sense of the,rhythms,of the seasons,is to be had,from a lawn in the backyard and a few spindly trees struggling to survive.(Paraphrase),but from a lawn in the backyard and a few long and thin trees that struggle for life the city dwellers do not have the true sense of,season changes,.,42,Text Study,13.The city dweller,reel,s from unreality to unreality through each day,always trying to recover the rural life that has been,surrendered,for the city lights,.,always trying to get back the rural life that has,given way to,city lights.,43,Text Study,14.Electric typewriters,cut down,the amount of physical exertion needed to hit the keys;the buttons of a word processor need even less effort,as,you can tell from the posture of those who use them.(Translate),cut down:reduce,as:because,44,Text Study,Question for discussion in paragraph 10:,1.What is the example of a Douglas fir used to illustrate?,It is used to illustrate that city dwellers,ridiculously simulate rural life,and have no true communications with nature.,45,Text Study,compensate for:make up for,Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.(Translate),光阴一去不复返。,It is from this day-to-day existence,who support them.,(Analyze),46,3.scurry,:run or move hurriedly,especially with short quick steps,e.g.We all,scurried,for shelter when the storm began.,4.far less the sky,:looking at the sky far less than they did their buildings.,5.slumping along their streets,:walking with,stooping,head and shoulders along their streets,47,After-reading Questions:,What is this text mainly about?,Do you agree with the authors thesis?,48,knowledge,simulation,insolence,urban,scurry,congregation,compensate,rat race,49,idiotic,urbanity,都市风格，雅致，有礼貌,solitary,exerted,insolent,grieved,lunatic,habitat,BCCA BAAB,50,bearing/stance,impolite/rude/ill-mannered,friendly/social/sociable,modestly/timidly/gently,smelly/stinking/foul/,mal,odorous,thin/lanky,accept/respect,strangely,51,somewhere away from a studio,office,library or lab where practical work is done or data is collected,support,seemingly,unconscious,very happy,ask for,52,1.The government promises that is will,spare no effort to,support our environmental protection projects.,2.She,had no knowledge of,Chinese history,geography and culture before she came to China.,3.The fire that broke out in the kindergarten,endangered,23 childrens lives.,4.We tried our best to,head,Henry,off,the topic,because we knew he would reveal confidential information.,53,5.The,sonorous voice,of the speaker is,echo,ing round the hall.,6.Industry and loyalty sometimes,compensate for,the lack of ability.,7.As far as I know,he was one of the few people who got out of the,rat race,.,8.He left a few men behind to,clean up,the last of the enemy positions.,54,为什么那么多人十分急切地希望离开自己从小长大的小城镇或村庄，奔向大都市呢,?,他们常说自己的家乡,“,枯燥乏味,”,，或者,“,死气沉沉,”,，或者最苛刻地指责它,“,土里吧叽,”,。,如果我们超脱一点来研究这个问题，就像我们远距离地审视整个国家一样，我们对到底是什么诱使我们到大城市来这个问题就会有一点眉目了。大城市值得注意的主要一点就是,“,大,”,:,人多，发生的事情也多。如果你真正从一个很远的距离，如夜晚航行的飞机上，俯视一座城市，你会被眼前难以置信的明亮所打动,:,那么多的灯光，以至于你会情不自禁地以为五彩缤纷的生活就在下面向你招手。然而，一旦你落地，失望之情便会油然而生，因为当你驱车从机场驶入市中心时，你会意识到光明不过是绵延几英里的路灯和霓虹招牌。它们本身并非是快乐与幸福的源泉。城市之光并不友善，仅仅只是灯光而已。事实上，其效果或许还让你感到寂寞和孤独。,55,Main Ideas of Text 2,In the mainstream of American thinking,there has been a strong anti-urban attitude.This thinking can be traced back to Thomas Jefferson,who was the first major thinker to express a clear antipathy to city life.All this is relevant not only to past attitudes and legislative history,but also to the modern history.,Throughout the text,the author expressed his dissatisfaction with the current condition of the urban life in America and unhappy with the strong anti-urban attitude.,56,“圆桌”没有棱角，却削去了人与人之间的贵贱高低,“圆桌”没有语言，却表达了所有人渴望平等的愿望,“圆桌”没有臂膀，却拥抱着世间至高无上的公正原则,“圆桌”没有妆饰，却把人类的理性之美、心灵之光集于一身。,57,