混合虚拟条件句.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,.,*,一、动词wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气,1 用wish表示对,过去,事情的遗憾。其句子结构为：,宾语从句的谓语用,过去完成时,。,eg.I wish I,hadnt hurt,him so much。,2 用wish表示,现在,的祝愿和抱歉。其句子结构为：,宾语从句的谓语,be为were,，实义动词用过去式,。,eg.I wish they,were,at home this time.,3 用wish表示对,将来,事情的愿望。其句子结构为宾语从句的谓语,would/could/might+动词原形,。,例：I wish I,could come,tomorrow。,.,二,条件从句,结果主句,与过去事实相反,If I(we,you,he,they)+,had done/been,I(we)should/would,you would,he/she would,they would,与现在事实相反,If I(we,you,he,they)+,were/did,I(we)should/would,you would,he/she would,they would,与将来事实相反,If I(we,you,he,they)+,动词的过去式/were to do/should do,I(we)should/would,you would,he/she would,they would,+do/be,+have,done,/been,+do/be,.,1.If we _ now,we should arrive in good time.,A.leave B.left,C.are leaving D.to leave,2.I _ what these were for if I hadnt been told.,A.wouldnt have known B.didnt know,C.hadnt known D.shall have known,3.If you _ the glass,it would break.,A.drop B.dropped,C.are dropping D.had dropped,B,A,B,.,注意：1.If从句中若含有,should,had,或者,were,，那么就可以把它们放在句首，与主语颠倒形成倒装，但动词过去式不可以与主语倒装。,1).如果他在，他会来帮助我们。,Were he here,he would come to help us.,2).假如你刚才在这里，你就会遇见她。,Had you been here just now,you would have met her.,3).假如我明天看见他，我就会告诉他关于这一切。,Should I see him tomorrow,I would tell him about it.,.,2.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的,时间不一致,时，被称为“,错综时间条件句,”，,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。,1)如果他早点出发，他现在已到家了。,If he had set out earlier,he would be home now.,2).假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好的多。,You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.,.,4.If I had spoken to him yesterday,I _ what to do now.,A.will know B.should know,C.know D.would have known,5.You would be much better now if you _ my advice.,A.take B.have taken,C.had taken D.took,B,C,.,三.含蓄条件表达方法：,1.介词,：without ,but for,2.连词,：otherwise,or ,but,though,once,.,1.用介词短语代替条件状语从句。常用的介词由with,without,but for等。,1).What would you do,with a million dollars,?,=if you had a million dollars,2).We couldnt have finished the work ahead of time,without your help,.,=if we hadnt got your help,3).,But for rain,we would have finished the work.,=If it hadnt been for the rain,.,2.含蓄条件句,有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段代替条件句。,1).I was ill that day.,Otherwise,I would have taken part in the sports meet.（副词）,2).He telephoned to inform me of your birthday,or,I would have known nothing about it.（连词）,3).A man,who stopped drinking water,would be dead in about seven days.（定语从句）,4).,Everything taken into consideration,they would have raised their output quickly.（独立主格结构）,.,1.Without the Communist Party of China,_ New China.,A.there were not B.there would be no,C.there will be D.there hadnt been,2._ it _ for Doctor Bethune,the wounded soldier wound have lost his left leg.,A.Were;not B.Should,not be,C.Had;not been for D.Was;not,B,C,Had it not been for和 Were it not for,要不是 话；多亏了 不然,.,3.I _ you,but I forgot your telephone number.,A.called B.would have called,C.was calling D.had called,4.-Why didnt you ring me up?,-I would have,but I _ your telephone number.,A.forgot B.has forgotten,C.was forgetting D.had forgotten,B,A,.,四,.在一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（order,command）,三个建议（suggest,advise,propose）,四个要求(ask，demand，request,require)等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“,(should)动词原形,”，表示建议、要求、命令等。,1).我建议马上动身。,I suggest that we(should)set off at once.,2).学生们坚持要多上英语课。,The students insisted that they(should)have more English classes.,.,3.在主语would(had)rather that 宾语从句中，从句谓语用,过去式,表示虚拟形式。,我倒希望他们和我一起去。,I would rather they went with me.,.,五.虚拟语气在,主语从句,中的用法。,主语从句是Its necessary(natural,important,strange,surprising,better,a pity,no wonder)that时，谓语的虚拟形式用,（should）原形动词,或,shouldhave过去分词,来表示。,1).高中学生掌握一门外语很有必要。,It is necessary that a high school student should master a foreign language.,2).很遗憾他居然没有在。,It is a pity that he should be absent today.,3).我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。,It is important that we should speak politely.,注意,：有些过去分词可以当形容词使用，在主语从句中要用虚拟语气，常见的有：desired,demanded,requested,suggested,required等。,.,六.虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句的用法。,在suggestion,proposal,order,plan,idea,request,advice等名词后的,表语从句,和,同位语从句,中要用虚拟语气。其构成是“,should动词原形,”。,My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it.,We all agreed to his suggestion that we should go to Dalian for sightseeing.,.,七、在It is(high)time(that)的句型中，定语从句的虚拟形式常用,过去式,或,should动词原形,（should不能省略）,，表示“现在该”,我们该走了。,It is time we left.,八、if only表示一种假设情况，意思是“要是就好了”，相当于主语wish。,1).要是今天是星期天就好了。,If only it were Sunday today.,2).要是他幽默点就好了。,If only he had a sense of humor.,.,九、由as if(as though)或even though(even though)引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时，从句谓语形式为动词的,过去式（be用were）,或“,had过去分词,”。,他那样对待我，好像我是陌生人似的。,He treats me as if I were a stranger.,她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。,She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.,注意,：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,.,十、虚拟语气用在含有If it were not for或If it had not been for 条件句中。,1).If it were not for the rain,the crops would die.,2).If it had not been for your help,we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.,十一、虚拟语气表示委婉语气的句型中。,1).It would be better for you not to do that.,2).Would you be so kind as to show me the way to the railway station.,十二、用于“may动词原形”表示“祝愿”，may须置于句首。,1).May you succeed!,2).May you be happy!,.,