自然拼读字母组合及音标.doc

精心整理
Aa[?]
Bb[b]
Cc[k]
Dd[d]
Ee[e]
Ff[f]
Gg[g]
Hh[h]
Ii[i]
Jj[?]
Kk[k]
Ll[l]
Mm[m]
Nn[n]
Oo[?]
Pp[p]
Qq[k]
Rr[r]
Ss[s]
Tt[t]
Uu[?]
Vv[v]
Ww[w]
Xx[ks]
Yy[?]
Zz[z]
常见辅音字母组合（1）（几个辅音合在一起分别拼出每个辅音的发声）
blblueblocksblack
brbrushbricksbrave
clclockclassclean
crcrashcraftcrocodile
flflyfleeflat
frfreefromfriend
glglueglobeglass
grgreengrowgrape
plplanepleaseplay
prprizeprojectpromise
scsoreschoolscrab
skskipskillsky
slslideslamsleep
spspoonspadespeed
smsmilesmellsmash
snsnowsnakesnail
ststopstaffstone
stfirstdustcost
swsweetswimswitch
twtwotwinstwenty
scrscrewscratchscream
strstreetstrongstrike
ctactcorrectreject
ftgiftleftraft
ndstandspendsecond
nttentdifferentinvent
nkpinttrunkbunk
mpjumpshrimpstamp
ccsoccerbroccoliraccoon
cklockpickjacket
lepuzzlebeetleangle
elcameltunnelangel
ldoldchildhold
lfshelfwolfmyself
lkmilksilkelk
lmfilmhelm
lphelpyelp
ltbeltadult
llvalleybelldollar
rrcarryparrothurry
ttcottonkittencotton

常见辅音字母组合（2）(几个辅音字母合在一起，共同发出一个声)
wr[r]writewrong
wh[w]whitewhale
ck[k]clocksocks
mb[m]lambbombcombclimb
kn[n]knowknewknock
sh[?]shopshipwishcash
chtch[t?]chatlunchwatchpitch
th[?]baththink
th[e]thisthese
ph[f]phoneelephant
dr[dr]dreamdrift
tr[tr]treetrap
scr[skr]screwscratch
str[str]streetstream
辅音字母组合（3）
ci[s-]pencilegi[d?-]giraffe
ce[s-]cellge[d?-]orange
cy[s-]cyclegy[d?-]gym
辅音字母组合（4）
ong[??][??]song
ing[??]sing
ang[??]sang
ung[??]sung
自然拼读五个元音字母组合讲义
1.五个元音字母与字母e的读音
a_e[ei]cakevasenamegame
e_eee[i:]evethesebeegreenfeetsleep
i_e[ai]kitebikefivesmile
o_e[?u]rosehomebonerope
u_e[ju:]cutecubetubeflute
2.Firstreadthesewords,thenaddan“e”.Readthesewordsagain.
先读，再加e,再读
a-emat__tap__can__fat__pan__
i_ehid__kit__rid__pin__fin__
o_ehop__cop__con__not__rob__
u_eus__tub__cut__rud__dun__
Fill“ee”thenreadthesewords.
eem___tfr___n___dtr___b___f
3.听写句子sentences,并划出相应元音字母组合
a-eDavecanmakeaframeandavasenexttothelake.
eeIcanseethreebeesinthatbiggreentree.
i_eIliketoridemybikeandflyakiteatfivepastnine.
o_eMydogsitsonthestoneandeatshisboneathome.
u_eIplayatuneonmyfluteformycutecatinJune.
元音字母组合（1）
a_e[ei]cakevasenamegame_________
airainpainttailwait______
ayplaytraydaysubway________
a_元音babyladypotatopaper_______
句子：Davecanmakeaframeandavasenexttothelake.
Craigdoesnotliketowaitforthemailintherain.
JayandItakethesubwaytothebayforaholiday.
Theladyandababyplayagameonapaperplate.
Listenandwritethemissingwords.Thenreadthetext.
TodayisSunday.KateandRayareplayingagame.Rayhasabat.Katehasabaseballandacap.Rayhitstheballwiththebat.Katecan’tgetit.Lookatthat!
Raymakesittothebase.Oh,no,Iseerain.Nogamestoday.
元音字母组合（2）
ee[i:]beegreenfeetsleep_________
easeameatreadspeak______
eyyhappyhungrykeymoney______
iefieldpieceniecepiece________
末尾eheshewepeople_______
句子Icanseethreebeesinthatbiggreentree.
NealcanreadandspeakEnglishverywell.
Icarrymymoneyandmykeyinaverybigbag.
Hisniecelikestoeatapieceofpizzainthefield.
Webegintherelayatsixo’clockintheevening.
Listenandwritethemissingwords.Thenreadthetext.
Itisaweekend.Itisasunnyday.Wegototheseainajeep.Thesunishotbutwecanfeelthebreeze.Thebeachiscleanandtheseaisclear.Wearesohappy!Iseethreesealsinthesea.Thesealswanttoplaywithme.Theypeepatmeandleapfromthesea.Wearesohappy!Yippee!
元音字母组合（3）
i_e[ai]kitebikefivesmile_________
ighnightlightrightfight_______
ie,ytiepieflycry______
i重读时kindsignideatiger______
句子Iliketoridemybikeandflyakiteatfivepastnine.
Iuseabrightlightinmyrighthandtoseeatnight.
ItrynottocrywhenIseeaflyonmypieceofpie.
Icanfindthreetigersandtwolionsinthezoo.
Listenandwritethemissingwords.Thenreadthetext.
MikeandIliketoridebikes.Weliketoflykitestoo.Mikerideshisredbike.
Iflymygreenkite.That’swhatweliketodo!Mikeridesleftandrighton
hisbike.Mikeridesveryfasttoo.Mykiteflieshighupintothesky.
That’swhatweliketodo!
元音字母组合（4）
o_e[?u]rosehomebonerope________
oaboatsoaploafgoal_______
owbowlslowelbowyellow_______
o重读，末尾oldmangotomatohotel______
句子Mydogsitsonthestoneandeatshisboneathome.
Themaninacoatfloatsinhisboatonthecoast.
Iseeaslowsnail,yellowpaintandmyownbowl.
Tonyhasamangoandasodaonthehotelsofa.
Readthetext
Ihopeitsnowstomorrow.Ifitsnowstomorrow,JodyandIwillputoncoatsandgotoplay.IwillmakeaboatfromsnowandJodywillblowsnowflakes.Wewilldigaholeinthesnowandthrowsnowballs.Whenwegetverycold,wewillbothgohome.
元音字母组合（5）
u-e[ju:][u]cutecubetubeflute_______
oo[u:]moonschoolspoonzoo________
[u]footwoodlookgood_______
ew[u][ju:]crewflewnewstew________
ui[u:]fruitcruisejuicesuit_________
ue[u:]bluecluetrueglue_______
u在开音节中computerhumanuniformstudent________
句子IplayatuneonmyfluteformycutecatinJune.
Thecrewrowtheircoolboatinthebignewpool.
SuedrankjuiceandatealotoffruitonTuesday.
Thestudentslistentomusicintheiruniforms.
ReadthetextAcooltrick
Suecandoacooltrick.Suehasabluecubeandanewflute.
Shehassomefruittoo.Sueputsthefruitinthebluecube.
One,two,three,four,five.Sheplaysatuneonthenewflute.
Canyouhearthemusic?Canyouseethefruit?Wow!Thatwasacooltrick,Sue.
常见辅音字母组合(1)
sh[?]shopshipwishcash
chtch[t?]chatlunchwatchpitch
th[?]baththink
th[e]thisthese
wh[w]whalewhite
ph[f]phoneelephant
句子：Shesellsfreshfishandseashellsinafishshop.
Weeatlunchandchatonthebenchinthekitchen.
Thisthingisthinandthosethreethingsarethick.
Whereisthatphotoofthebigwhiteelephant?
Shellyhasthreebrothers.Philiplikeselephants,ChadlikeswhalesandShanelikesfish.Shellytakesherbrotherstotheshops.Thatistheirwish.Chadseesachairwithawhaleonit.Shanewantsawatchintheshapeofafish.Philipgetsaphotographofanelephant.Theyeachgettheirwish.
元音字母组合（6）
ar[ɑ:]carsharksmartbark
or[?:]cornsportstorytortoise
ir[??][?:]girlfirstthirdskirt
ur[??][?:]hurtburnpurpleThursday
er[?]单词末尾弱读teacherdrivercomputer
or[?]单词末尾弱读calculatordoctormirror
句子：Adogcanbark.Iliketoeatcorn.
Thegirlhasapurplepurse.
Mycomputerhasamonitor.
元音字母组合（7）
oo[u]woodcookfootgood
oo[u:]noodlestoothzoobroom
ou[a?]mouseshoutmouthgroundloud
ow[a?]cowbrowndownowl
oi[??]coinoiljoinnoisytoiletvoice
oy[??]boyannoytoyroyal
句子：Mymothercookamealverysoon.
Thecowshoutsatthemousetogetoutofthehouse.
Ihavemanycoinsinthepiggybank.
Idon’tlikeflies,theyannoyme.
元音字母组合（8）
au[??]becauseauthor
aw[??]sawdraw
all[??]ballstallfallsmall
augh[??]daughternaughtytaught
ough[??]boughtthoughtbrought
句子：Thebabycrawlsonthefloorbecausehecannotwalk.
Thelizardcrawlsonthewallwithitspaws.
写出过去式buy-__________fight-__________think-_________
bring-__________teach-__________catch-_________
元音字母组合（9）
are[e?][?r]softwarepreparesharedaresquare
air[e?][?r]chairstairsairplanefairhairrepair
ear[e?][?r]bearpear
Isharemythingsandcareformyfriend.
Isitonachairwhenthehairdressercutmyhair.
Thebearholdsabear.
元音的弱化（10）
aeiouSchwa读音弱化在非重读音节中
由原来的响亮的发声统一弱化成[?]
a[a->?]banana[b?'na:n?]again[?'gein]
e[e->?]chicken[t?i:k?n]problem['pr??bl?m]
i[i->?]pencil['pens?l]holiday['h??l?dei]
o[?->?]lemon[‘lem?n]welcome[welk?m]favorite['feiv?rit]
u[∧->?]circus['s?:k?s]
辅音字母组合（4）
tion[??n][?n]actionstation
sion[??n][?n]televisionexplosion
ture[t??]picture
ous[?s]dangerous
ful[f?l][fl]beautifuluseful
Iwatchedanactionmovieontelevisionduringmyvacation.Inthemovie,apolicemanhadtosavethetrappedboyandstopanexplosionatasubwaystation.Hehadtomakesomedifficultdecisionsbutintheendhestoppedtheexplosionandsavedtheboy.Themovieendedinanexcitingconclusionandhebecametheheroofhisnaton.Theboy’sparentswereparticularlygratefultohimforsavingtheboy’slife.NowIrecallthepictureofthemovie,themanisverycourageousandfacesthedangeroussituationtosavetheboy.Heisourbeautifulhero.

相同元音组合的不同发音
ar[a:]farmcard
[?]dollarsugar
[??]warmquarter
ea[i:]seasonmeat
[e]breadweather
[ei]greatbreak
[i?]ideareally
ear[?:]learnearth
[i?]hearnear
er[?:]termperfect
[?]teacheranger
[i?]seriousexperience
ere[i?]heresincere
[?r/e?]therewhere
oo[?:]roommoon
[?]goodfoot
[?]bloodflood
or[??]shortform
[?:]workworld
[?]doctoractor
oor[??]doorfloor
[??]poor
our[‘a??]hourflour
[??]courtfour
[??]tourtourist
ou[a?]housemouth
[?]enoughtouch
ow[??]windowknow
[a?]nowtowncow

前缀
ab-非，不abnormal不正常的abuse滥用的
anti-反对，相反antiwar反战争antitank反坦克
bi-两个bilateral双边的biweekly双周期刊bicolor两色的
co-共同cooperation合作coexist共存coaction共同行动
com-共同communicate交流companion陪伴
con-共同conclude得出结论contemporary同时代的
dis-不消失dislike不喜欢disappear消失disagree不同意
分开分离dismiss解散discard抛弃dispart分开
en-使..，增强enlarge扩大enhance提高增强enrich使变富
en-置..中登上entrain上火车encage关入笼子enplaneenchain
fore-前面预先forehead前额forefather祖父forecast预言
il-不，无非illiterate不认识字的illegal非法的
ir-不，无非irrational不合理的irregular没规则的
im-不，无非impossible不可能的immoral不道德impolite无礼貌的
in-不，无，非injustice不公正的inhuman无人道的
inter-在..之间international国际的interaction相互影响interview访谈
mis-错误坏misunderstand误解misspell误拼mistake错误
micro-微小microscope显微镜microwave微波
multi-多multiply乘，繁殖multimedia多媒体的
non--不非non-smoking禁烟nonexistent不存在nonstop不停
over-过度overuse过度使用在..上，外overlook俯瞰overseas
post-后postpone推后，延期postwar战后的
pre-前的预先preschool学前prefix前缀preposition介词
re-再重新replant又种reappear再出现recall回忆
super-超级过度supermarketsupersized超大尺寸的
step-继stepfather继父stepmother继母stepson
tw-两twicetwentytwins
tri-三triangletriple三倍的
un-不无非untidy不整洁unreal不真实的unfair不公平
un-打开unlock开锁uncover揭开
under-在...下underground地下underline下划线underwear内衣
uni-单一uniformunique独一无二的
后缀
--ability可...性可...changeability可变性readability可读性
ibility可...性可..sensibility敏感性extensibility可伸展性
--able可..的，能...的changeable可变的useable可用的
ible可..的，能...的sensiblepossible
--ance名词后缀resistance抵抗expectance期待
--ant形容词后缀pleasant愉快的assistant辅助的
--ant...人..者inhabitant居民assistant助理
--ation名词后缀relaxation松弛invitation邀请
--ed有..的(名词之后)colored有颜色的aged年老的moneyed有钱的
已..的(动词后)retired已退休的determined决定了的
--ee被动的人employee受雇者trainee受训者examinee考生
--en动词后缀shorten使变短sharpen使变锋利deepenthicken
--en形容词后缀wooden木制的woolen毛制的silkenleadenwheaten
--ence名词后缀existence存在difference差别confidence
--ent形容词后缀existent存在的dependentconfidentexcellent
--er名词后缀人singerdancerwriter
名词后缀物washerlighterwoodpeckerheater
--ess雌性actresshostesswaitresspoetesslionessgoddess
--ful放在名词后面表示充满时的量spoonful一满匙cupfulmouthful
可..的形容词后缀usefulfearfulpeaceful
--hood时期性质名词后缀boyhoodgirlhoodneighborhood
--ing名词后缀feelinglearningshoppingteaching
--ist..主义者..家,..师从事某活动的人
socialistnaturalistartistphysicistdentistchemist
--tion/sion名词后缀actioninflationdiscussionelection
--tive的competitive比赛的sensitive敏感的definitiveprimitive
--zation..化modernizationrealization
--less没有..不...无..homelesscarelessuseless
--ness名词后缀kindnessweaknessdarkness
--ment名词后缀agreementstatementbasementdepartment
--ous的dangerouspoisonouscourageousfamous
--proof防...waterprooffireproofairproofsoundproof
音标总结
辅音字母组合
wr[r]writewh[w]whiteck[k]clockmb[m]lambkn[n]know
sh[?]shopch/tch[t?]catchth[?]thinkth[e]thisph[f]phone
dr[dr]drifttr[tr]treescr[skr]screamstr[str]street
ci[s-]circlece[s-]cellcy[s-]cyclegi[d?-]giraffege[d?-]orangegy[d?-]gym
ong[??][??]ing[??]ang[??]ung[??]
tion[??n]actionsion[??n]television
ture[t??]pictureous[?s]dangerousful[f?l]useful
元音字母总结
[ei]a_e/bakeai/rainay/baya_元音/lady
[i:]e_e/eveee/sheepea/seaey/keyy/carry
ie/field开音节末尾e/mewe
[ai]i_e/bikeigh/highie/tiey/flyi重读时/idea
[?u]o_e/holeoa/boatow/bowlo重读/hotel，末尾/mango
[ju:]u_e/cuteoo[u:]zoo[u]bookew[u]crew[ju:]new
ui[u:]fruitue[u:]blueu在开音节中[ju:]human.
ar[ɑ:]sharkor[?:]cornir[??][?:]girlur[??][?:]Thursday
er[?]单词末尾弱读teacheror[?]单词末尾弱读doctor
ou[a?]mouseow[a?]cow
oi[??]coinoy[??]toy
au[??]authoraw[??]saw
all/al[??l]ball
augh[??]daughterough[??]bought
are[e?][?r]shareair[e?][?r]chairear[e?][?r]bear
相同元音组合的不同发音
ar[a:]farm[??]warm[?]dollar
ea[i:]season[e]bread[ei]great[i?]idea
ear[?:]learn[i?]hear
er[?:]perfect[?]teacher[i?]experience
ere[i?]here[?r/e?]there
oo[?:]room[?]good[?]bloodflood
or[??]short[?:]work[?]doctor
oor[??]door[??]poor
our[‘a??]hour[??]four[??]tour
ou[a?]house[?]enough
ow[??]window[a?]town