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云南语法十非谓语动词,第1页,考点一,动词不定式,动词不定式基本形式是“,to,动词原形”，否定形式是在不定式前加,not,。动词不定式含有动词特点，能够有自己宾语和状语，但没有些人称与数改变，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式及其宾语和状语组成不定式短语。,第2页,1,作主语,动词不定式作主语时，能够用动名词替换且惯用,it,作形式主语，把动词不定式后置，常组成“,It,be,adj,.(,for sb.),动词不定式”。,Its important(for us)to protect the environment.(,对我们来说,),保护环境很主要。,第3页,2,作表语,My job is to teach English.,我工作是教英语。,3,作宾语或宾语补足语,(1),接动词不定式作宾语动词或短语有,want,begin/start,love,forget,remember,teach,decide,agree,seem,would like,plan,等。,第4页,(2),接动词不定式作宾语补足语动词有,ask,tell,invite,allow,want,wish,encourage,等。,(3),在使役动词,make,let,have,和感官系动词,feel,look,smell,等后面作宾语补足语时，不定式符号,to,要省略。,help,后不定式可带,to,也可不带,to,。,第5页,4,作定语,I have a lot of homework to do.,我有许多家庭作业要做。,动词不定式与所修饰名词之间是动宾关系，假如动词不定式是不及物动词，其后要有相关介词。,The cat is easy to take care of.,这只猫很轻易照料。,第6页,5,作状语,Mrs.Wang went to Shanghai to see her daughter.,王太太去上海看她女儿。,(,目标,),Were glad to meet you here.,我们很高兴在这儿见到你。,(,原因,),He is too tired to work on.,他太累了不能继续工作了。,(,结果,),第7页,6,“疑问词动词不定式”结构,疑问词,who,what,when,where,how,which,等后接动词不定式，在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语等。,The teacher is telling the students what to do.,老师正告诉学生们做什么。,He didnt know where to go(,where he should go),他不知道该去哪里。,第8页,7,含动词不定式特殊句型与短语,too.to.,太,而不能,Why dont you do sth.,？为何不做某事？,had better do sth.,最好做某事,prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.,宁愿做某事，而不愿做某事,make sb.do sth.,让某人做某事,be made to do sth.,被迫做某事,第9页,1,(,湖北咸宁中考改编,)Remember,some fruit when you come back.,A,buying B,to buy,C,buy D,bought,第10页,2,(,湖南长沙中考改编,)The weather report says its going to have a shower this afternoon.,It does?Wed better,now,just in case.,A,to leave B,leaving,C,leave D,left,第11页,3,(,甘肃张掖中考,)My two cousins decide,a business together.,A,to start B,starting,C,start D,started,第12页,4,(,黑龙江齐齐哈尔中考改编,)We set up this group,disabled people like Ben Smith.,A,help B,to help,C,helping D,helps,第13页,5,(,黑龙江绥化中考改编,)People are supposed,hands when they meet for the first time in America.,A,shaking B,to shake,C,shake D,shook,第14页,6,(,贵州中考,)Parents should always tell their kids,with strangers.,A,not to talk B,not talking,C,to not talk D,not talk,第15页,7,(,四川成都中考改编,)I got up early this morning,my grandma at the airport.,A,to pick up B,picking up,C,picked up D,pick up,第16页,8,(,四川达州中考,)Id love to go hiking with you,but I have much homework,If you dont go,A,to do;so do I B,to do;nor will I,C,doing;so will I D,do;neither am I,第17页,9,(,四川乐山中考改编,)Julia,your mobile phone is ringing.,Wait a minute.Its dangerous,it while crossing the street.,A,answering B,answer,C,to answer D,to answering,第18页,10,(,广东中考,)After long years of war,many people in Syria are homeless.I think it important,a peaceful world.,A,build B,not build,C to build D,not to build,第19页,11,(,贵州安顺中考,)You should do what you can,your English,Li Ming.,OK,I will.Thank you,Ms.Hu.,A,improve B,to improve,C,improving D,improved,第20页,考点二,动名词,动名词由“动词原形,ing”,组成，与现在分词同形。动名词现有动词性质,(,可有宾语和状语,),，也有名词性质，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。,第21页,1,动名词惯用结构,(1),只能跟动名词动词或短语有,avoid,consider,enjoy,feel like,finish,mind,practice,suggest,be busy doing,be good at doing,be interested in doing,cant help doing,give up doing,make a living(by)doing,put off doing,等。,第22页,(2)have,n,.,(in)doing,have fun(in)doing,have trouble(in)doing,have a hard time(in)doing,have problems/difficulty(in)doing,等。,(3)to doing,结构，,to,是介词,be/get used to doing,look forward to doing,pay attention to doing,prefer doing to doing,等。,第23页,2,有些动词既可接不定式也可接动名词，但表示意义不一样。,第24页,第25页,1,(,甘肃兰州中考,)Bobs father cant stand,soap,operas.He enjoys sports games on TV.,A,watch B,to watch,C,watching D,watched,第26页,2,(,湖北黄冈中考,)Nowadays lots of products from China are very popular in the world.,Yeah!Many people can hardly avoid,products made in China.,A,to buy B,buying,C,bought D,buy,第27页,3,(,黑龙江龙东中考改编,)Would you mind,here?,Of crouse not.Ill,my cigarette at once.,A,not smoking;put away,B,not smoking;put out,C,not to smoke;put off,D,not to smoke;put on,第28页,4,(,原创,)To be honest,I regretted,out of school when I was just fifteen years old.,A,to drop B,dropping,C,drop D,dropped,第29页,考点三,分词,1,现在分词由“动词原形,ing”,组成，表示主动、进行意义，还含有形容词作用，可在句中作表语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语等。,The crying girl cant find her mother.,那个正在哭女孩找不到她妈妈了。,(,定语,),The story is interesting.,这个故事很有趣。,(,表语,),第30页,I saw him studying in the classroom.,我看到他正在教室里学习。,(,宾语补足语,),Studying hard,you will pass the exam.,只要你努力学习，就会经过考试。,(,状语,),第31页,2,过去分词表示被动、完成意义，在句中作表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等。,She is very tired.,她很疲劳。,(,表语,),The boy wore a pair of faded jeans.,那个男孩穿了一条褪色牛仔裤。,(,定语,),She found the village greatly changed.,她发觉这个村庄改变很大。,(,宾语补足语,),第32页,3,现在分词与过去分词作定语区分。,(1),现在分词作定语与它所修饰名词存在逻辑上主谓关,系，表示该动作主动或者进行。,a sleeping child,一个正在睡觉孩子,a developing country,一个发展中国家,boiling water,正在沸腾水,a surprising look,一个令人吃惊表情,第33页,(2),过去分词作定语与它所修饰名词在逻辑上有动宾关系，表示该动作被动或者完成。,the novel written by Lu Xun,鲁迅写那篇小说,a singer surrounded by a group of fans,被粉丝包围歌手,fallen leaves,落叶,a snowcovered city,被雪覆盖城市,第34页,1,(,原创,),Ode,to,the,West,Wind,is a great poem,by Shelly.,A,write B,wrote,C,writing D,written,第35页,2,(,黑龙江龙东中考改编,)I saw Jim,into that new building just now.,Oh,its our new library.It,to the public for a week.,A,walk;has opened,B,walking;has been open,C,walking;has opened,D,walk;has been opened,第36页,
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