大学体验英语视听说教程4-U6.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,UNIT-1,UNIT-1,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,大学体验英语视听说教程,第四册,高等教育出版社,华中科技大学,1/66,UNIT 6,Psychological Health,2/66,The Constitution only,guarantees the American,people the right to pursue,happiness.You have to,catch it yourself.,Benjamin Franklin,3/66,Background Information,Unit Overview,Lesson,1,Lesson 2,Supplementary Reading,Agenda,Home listening,4/66,Modern life is full of hassles,deadlines,frustrations,and demands.For many people,stress is so commonplace that it has become a way of life.Long-term exposure to stress can lead to serious health problems,not only physically but also psychologically.In this unit,students will be introduced to the importance of psychological health and ways to achieve it through listening,watching and reading.Various activities will inspire the students to talk about ways to cope with stress and to be happy by using the words and expressions in this unit.And finally,they will conduct a poll on“Stress on Campus”with their peers.,Unit Overview,5/66,Background,Information,Stress isnt always bad.In small doses,it can help you perform under pressure and motivate you to do your best.But when youre constantly running in emergency mode,your mind and body pay the price.,Stress is a normal physical response to events that make you feel threatened or upset your balance in some way.When you sense danger-whether its real or imagined-the bodys defenses kick into high gear in a rapid,automatic process known as the“fight-or-flight”reaction,or the stress response.,The stress response is the bodys way of protecting you.When working properly,it helps you stay focused,energetic,and alert.In emergency situations,stress can save your life giving you extra strength to defend yourself,for example,or spurring you to slam on the brakes to avoid an accident.,The stress response also helps you rise to meet challenges.Stress is what keeps you on your toes during a presentation at work,sharpens your concentration when youre attempting the game-winning free throw,or drives you to study for an exam when youd rather be watching TV.,6/66,But beyond a certain point,stress stops being helpful and starts causing major damage to your health,your mood,your productivity,your relationships,and your quality of life.,The body doesnt distinguish between physical and psychological threats.When youre stressed over a busy schedule,an argument with a friend,a traffic jam,or a mountain of bills,your body reacts just as strongly as if you were facing a life-or-death situation.If you have a lot of responsibilities and worries,your emergency stress response may be“on”most of the time.The more your bodys stress system is activated,the easier it is to trip and the harder it is to shut off.,Long-term exposure to stress can lead to serious health problems.Chronic stress disrupts nearly every system in your body.It can raise blood pressure,suppress the immune system,increase the risk of heart attack and stroke,contribute to infertility,and speed up the aging process.Long-term stress can even rewire the brain,leaving you more vulnerable to anxiety and depression.,7/66,Many health problems are caused or exacerbated by stress,including:,Pain of any kind,Heart disease,Digestive problems,Sleep problems,Depression,Obesity,Autoimmune diseases,Skin conditions,such as eczema,8/66,Lesson One,Lead-in,Audio studio,Video studio,Speaking workshop,Project bulletin,9/66,Lead-in,Task 1,Task 2,Task 3,10/66,Task 1,Describing the Picture,Describe the pictures first and then discuss the stressful situations in modern life.,How do the following people look?,What may have caused them to look that way?,Have you experienced such state of mind?,11/66,Task 2 Reflecting,on the Reading,1.,How differently did the remaining Bell Labs executives perform according to the study conducted by Dr Salvatore Maddi and his team?,Read through the,Supplementary Reading,passage on page 139,and answer the following questions.,Answer:,It is possible to learn these attitudes of dealing with stress.,Answer:One,group of them developed severe performance problems and health issues over the next few years;the other group remained healthy,enthusiastic and performed well at work.,2.,What does the case of Smitha,the airhostess,tell us?,12/66,3.,What did the study conducted by Drs Dacher Keltner and LeeAnne Harker reveal?,Answer:A happy disposition is one of the better predictors of health.,4.,Why did the author say“In our busy world,we need to make time and demonstrate love and affection to our children”?,Answer:,Studies show that children need this to grow happily and healthily.,5.,What did Writer William Helmreich deem an important factor in the thousands of Jews building a good life after they had survived the German death and torture factories and moved to America?,Answer:,To find meaning in their experience and“interpret their survival in a way to give meaning to the rest of their lives.”,13/66,Task 3 Expanding Your Vocabulary,the degree to which a thing extends,B.a person with special knowledge,skill or training in sth.,C.being part of sth.or connected with sth.,D.unwillingly,E.all the time;repeatedly,F.always busy doing things,especially physical activities,Read through the words in the left-hand column,and match each of them with the appropriate meaning in the right-hand column.,1.expert,2.active,3.involved,4.constantly,5.extent,6.reluctantly,14/66,Audio Studio,Word Bank,1.contagious,感染,2.obscure,不分明,3.protective,保护,4.content,满足,5.reveal,使（事实等）显露出来,6.coronary,冠状动脉,7.clinical,临床,Task 1,Task 2,15/66,Audio Task 1 Identifying the Gist,1.,Whats the topic of this audio clip?,A)Symptoms of heart disease,B)A new report from Dr.Davidson,C)Dr.Davidson and her report,2.,Which is NOT true about happiness?,A),It may lead to more chance of heart attack.,B)Happiness is contagious.,C)Happiness can keep you healthy.,Listen to the audio clip,and choose the right answers to the questions.,16/66,Audio Task 2 Checking the Facts,Who is Dr.Davidson?,Answer:A New York researcher.,2.How long does Dr.Davidsons research last?,Answer:10 years.,3.What does her study imply?,Answer:Remaining happy may help prevent heart disease.,Listen to the audio clip again and answer the following questions.,Script,17/66,It is said that happiness is contagious.The supporting evidence is everywhere:from the streets of Rio during Carnival to more obscure celebrations elsewhere in the world.But long-term happiness may also be healthy.New York researcher Dr.Karina Davidson certainly thinks so.,Dr.Davidson is a lead researcher in a 10-year study of more than 1,700 healthy men and women.The study revealed that people who are happy and content with their lives are 22%less likely than unhappy people to have a heart attack or suffer from symptoms of heart disease.,Maintaining happy is surely protective of your mental health and this observational study is one of the first studies to show it may also protect your physical health.It is the first to show an independent relationship between positive emotions and coronary heart disease.But Dr.Davidson stresses that more work and clinical trials are needed before any treatment recommendations can be made.She says,though,that the study is the first step in providing doctors better insight about how to interact with their patients.The study may eventually shift healthcare providers to thinking about how they can help patients make sure that the things that make them happy stay in their routine.,Heart disease is the leading killer of men and women in most industrialized countries.Dr.Davidson says she hopes her report will shine a light on a new approach for prevention.,Script,18/66,Video Studio,Word Bank,1.be gaga over,对,着迷,2.be on,上节目,3.counteract,消解,4.Adrenalin,肾上腺素,5.apathetic,冷淡,6.in knots,担心,7.cumulative,累积,8.sleep in,睡懒觉,9.beat,非常疲惫,10.hamper,防碍,11.cortisol,皮质,(,甾,),醇,12.tax,造成,(,某事物,),重负,Task 1,Task 2,Task 3,19/66,Video Task 1 Matching&Predicting,1.And then the last guy hired me,because,you know,when youre kind of over it,youre no longer _.,2.Thats why a lot of people,they want to _ on the weekends or on Friday nights.,3.so everything all your bodys resources are being taken to focus on dealing with the stress instead of _ the cold.,4.Yea,I mean when youre stressed,your body is _ more chemicals and hormones like cortisol and,5.It does.Well,its like laughing.Its something physical that sort of like _ the hormones that are going through your body.,Complete the following statements with the phrases given below.Predict what will be talked about in the video.Then check your answers after watching the video clip.,fight off,pump out,break up,lead to,in knots,sleep in,fighting off,pumping out,in knots,sleep in,breaks up,20/66,Video Task 2 Bridging the Gap,Watch this part of the video clip and complete the table.,Script,walk in and ask for a raise,focus on your heart beating fast;,even imagine butterflies flying,and flying in formation.,treat yourself,make sure you get enough sleep,.,straighten up,drop the shoulders,make sure your posture is good,Sit up straight,take deep breaths,laugh,Example situations,Ways that help to stress less,Having to give a presentation to your boss,or,1)take some deep breaths,2),being stressed for a long time,act like you have a cold,1)take relaxation seriously,2),When stress is making you physically ill,making you achy,_,breathe deeply and _,When stressed by heavy traffic,yelling or screaming helps,When Amy is interviewed in this program,_,like you are sick;,21/66,Video Task 3 Checking Your Comprehension,Watch the video clip.Identify the incorrect information in the following statements,and make corrections where necessary,1.Stress makes,people nervous,so all stress is not helpful at all.,Correction:Some stress called EU-stress helps people focus.,2.In stressful situations,people should not pay attention to their heart beating fast.,Correction:In some stressful situations,people can even focus on their heart beating fast.,3.Stress would go away all by itself.,Correction:Stress is cumulative.,4.Drinking helps people to deal with the week-long stress effect on them.,Correction:Drinking actually can worsen the bodys reaction.,5.Amy admits she is stressed at the end of the show.,Correction:Amy claims that she is not stressed and that she feels ok.,22/66,Script,How to,Stress Less,Hostess:,Welcome back to Todays Woman,and a lesson in how to stress less.Feeling overwhelmed?Thats no surprise when youve got bills to pay and mouths to feed,let alone one hundred other little things on your to-do list.,Host,Jason Breezley:,But not all stress is bad stress.Amy Brightfield,the health editor for Womans Day Magazine is here to explain.,Hostess:,We should point out Amys a little stressed because shes all gaga over this one.,Amy Brightfield:,II Yes,yes,its a its a stress is a physical response you have to a stressful situation.That can be good stress.This is good stress.(Is there good stress?)I want to be stressed about being on with Jason Breezley.,Jason Breezley:,And how would you relieve that stress?You would take some deep breaths?,Amy Brightfield:,Take some deep breaths and cause that actually counteracts the physical response,and actually laugh like were doing.Laughing actually physically counteracts the response youre having.,Hostess and Jason Breezley:,Nice to hear it.,Hostess:,But there are some situations,though,that are really stressful.For instance,you have to give a presentation to your boss,you have to,wanna walk in and ask for a raise,you wanna those kind of things are tough.How do you manage that sort of work stress?,Amy Brightfield:,Well,actually,thats when stress can help you because,they call it EU-stress actually,which is good stress.It means EU-stress and it actually helps you focus,so you would have adrenalin going,it actually helps focus better when youre gonna make that,23/66,Script,presentation,so thats the situation when you take some deep breaths.And before you go in,maybe even focus on your heart beating fast or even imagine the butterflies like,flying like in formation before you go in and make the presentation.,Hostess:,You know what is funny?Im the least stressed when I feel almost apathetic.Like its almost like when you are so.cause once when I was looking for a job,one point I got rejected so many times,I didnt care.And then the last guy hired me,because,you know,when youre kind of over it,youre no longer in knots.(right,right)Is stress somewhat cumulative?Like,lets say,Jason has a stressful day today,which (the other two laughing)and then tomorrow,does it blead into tomorrow,or does it sort of go away?,Amy Brightfield,:It is.It is.It is kind of like when you have long term stress,you should act like you have a cold,you should treat yourself like you are sick.Because it is cumulative.Because its a physical response.It taxes your body,so you have to take relaxation seriously,you have to make sure you get enough sleep.So it definitely is cumulative.Thats why a lot of people,they want to sleep in on the weekends or on Friday nights.I know my husband is always just beat on Friday night,because it is out of the stress and going and going has caught up with him.And finally youve taken a moment to stop and you realize the effect that its having on you physically.,Jason Breezley:,Is it why people drink so much on the weekends?,Amy Brightfield:,Well,actually,thats probably a bad thing to do because actually drinking can worsen your bodys reaction.Yea,I mean,one drink is ok,but a lot of alcohol really hampers your bodys ability to deal with the stress response that youre having.,24/66,Hostess:,cause and you know also stress can make you physically ill,cause I have friends,I mean,who,you,they always have colds and are sick,and that can be its a direct that can be a direct result of stress.,Amy Brightfield:,Yea,I mean when youre stressed,your body is pumping out more chemicals and hormones like cortisol and so everything all your bodys resources are being taken to focus on dealing with the stress instead of fighting off the cold,and also makes you achy,like if you notice,when you get stressed,your shoulders are like this,so a good tip is to sort of straighten up,drop the shoulders,breathe and make sure your postures really good.,Hostess:,If you are in traffic and you are really stressed cause you are supposed to be somewhere,and you scream.Pretend.Ok,or you just yell.Does that really relieve any stress?,Amy Brightfield:,It does.Well,its like laughing.Its something physical that sort of like breaks up the hormones that are going through your body.,Hostess:,Are you stressed,Amy,now?,Amy Brightfield:,No.I feel ok.Im breathing,Im sitting up straight.Im laughing.,Hostess:,Amy,thank you.,Jason Breezley:,Amy,come over here and give me a hug.,Hostess:,Give him a hug.Oh.Isnt that the cutest thing ever?,Amy Brightfield:,Oh my gosh.,Hostess:,She is all red.Now look at her,she is red.Her neck is red.She is all red.,Scr