初中英语阅读理解题的解题技巧课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/3,#,初中英语阅读了解题解题技巧,1/33,考点分析归纳：,主旨大意,细节了解,猜测词义,推理判断,2/33,一 主旨大意题,考查学生对文章主题或中心思想领会和了解能力。,3/33,提问方式：,1）问标题,What is the main topic of the passage？,The best title for the passage is _.,4/33,2）问中心,The first paragraph is mainly about the,_,The passage is mostly about_,5/33,3）问目标；态度,The author wants to tell _,The purpose of this article is to _,6/33,轻易选错干扰项:,以偏概全,夸大主题,把观点强加给作者,7/33,解题策略,找主题句。主题句是归纳文章中心句子，它出现有三种情况：,8/33,主题句在文章开头，其后句子则是论证性细节。新闻报道、说明文、议论文惯用此方式。,1.在开头。,9/33,Good morning.,The program today is about music.,The word“music”comes from the Greek word“muse”.The Muses are the goddesses of the arts.Music is only one of,the arts.It is like the spoken language,but is uses sounds.Todays program brings together music from different corners of the world.Who invented music？Who sang the first song？No one knows exactly the answers to these questions.But we know that music plays an important part in almost everyones life.,10/33,Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them.When they are a little older,they like to sing the songs they have heard.When children go to school,their world of music grows.In the middle grades students take music lessons.When they reach high school,they become interested in listening to pop music.,文章开头就说明今天节目是关于音乐，其后句子都是围绕介绍音乐。从音乐起源，形式，作用到全世界受人喜爱音乐，进行逐一说明。,11/33,文章最终一句“In fact,the true love is not built on friendship,loyalty or blood relationship.Instead,itis based on no relationship.真正爱不以情谊、忠诚抑或是血缘关系为前提，实际上，真正爱，是无条件博爱。”就是在前面故事基础上总结与概括，即文章主旨。,2.在结尾。,12/33,3.在中间。,通常是文章开头提出问题，陈说细节，导出主题句，然后再深入用细节说明支持主题句。如：,13/33,Nothing is as useful as a flashlight on a dark night if a tire goes flat.Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark.In fact,the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations.Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand.,A,camper also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.,_,_,14/33,有些文章或段落无显著主题句,只是暗示性地表达主题.这就要求考生在阅读过程中依据文中所叙述,事实,或提供,线索,来概括总结主旨大意。,15/33,二 细节了解题,本类试题主要考查学生对阅读材料中,某一特定细节,或文章,主要事实,了解能,力。问题包含问询人(who)、物(what)、,时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cause)、,结果(effect)、文中数据(data)等。新闻、,说明文、广告信息等经常考查这些细节。,16/33,解题策略：,1）对应性,2）准确性,3）区分性,17/33,三 词义猜测题,单词猜测能力是阅读了解能力主要组成部分，是考查对文中关键词语了解。而且，所考查词或短语意义往往不停留在字面上，要依据文中语境来判断。,18/33,设题方式：,The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _,The word “”most likely means _.,Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word_.,19/33,解题策略:,阅读中碰到生词时不要着急，耐心地读下去，文章会帮助你猜出生词词义。另外，我们也能够经过构词法知识分析生词词义，或经过上下文,同义词，反义词，生活常识等猜测，尤其是本句话以及前后两句话，给生词假设意思，看是否读通。还能够联想，即回想已知词汇中是否存在拼写方法与该生词类似词。,20/33,依据定义或解释猜测词义,技巧 1,A,calendar,is a list of the days,weeks,months of a particular year.,calendar 日历,The,herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650yuan a year.,herdsman 牧人,21/33,依据对比确定词义,技巧 2,Our maths professor claims that all the problems he gives us are simple ones，however，we feel that they are,intricate,and hard to solve,Intricate 复杂,22/33,技巧 3,依据同义词替换关系猜词义,In the ancient city of Rome,we visited every,mansion,church,battle site,theatre and other public halls.,mansion 建筑物或场所,23/33,依据反义猜词,技巧 4,Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl.But her sister was quite,sedate,.,sedate 平静,24/33,依据上下文情景确定词义,技巧 5,All his attempts to unlock the door was,futile,because he was using the wrong key.,futile 徒劳,25/33,依据常识、经验猜生词,技巧 6,The old man put on his,spectacles,and began to read,spectacles 老花镜,26/33,依据构词法猜测词义,技巧 7,He has,renamed,the restaurant“Paradise”.,rename 重新起名，更名,27/33,依据因果关系猜测词义,技巧 8,You shouldnt have,blamed,him for that，for it wasnt his fault.,blame 责备,28/33,四 推理判断题,推理判断题着重考查学生逻辑思维能力，即要求学生依据文章逻辑关系进行推理判断。这类题目难度大，设计面广，如人物性格、心理、故事结局、寓意、文章出处、体裁，作者倾向、态度等。其题目设计方式普通有：,29/33,It can be inferred from the text that _.,From the text we know that _.,With which of the following does the author agree？,Which of the following might happened later?,The passage is probably taken from a _.,提问方式：,30/33,轻易选错干扰项：,选项中意思即使与原文相符，不过只是包括一些细枝末节，不符合题干。,选项内容与原文无关,或者是对文章内容作了张冠李戴处理。,选项是对原文内容简单重复，不是推理得出结论。,选项内容纯属主观臆断得出结论，文章根本没有提及。,31/33,解题策略：,做这类题目时，大家必须透过文章字面意思，领悟隐含在字里行间内涵，体会作者言外之意、弦外之音。找出作者所陈说细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩词语，进行符合逻辑推理。,32/33,The speaker is probably_.,A.a host B.a singer C.a dancer D.a teacher,主持人，歌手，舞者还是教师。我们从最终一句话能够自然想象到，在介绍完音乐基本知识介绍之后，主持人即将向大家播放今天音乐,33/33,