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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,第二讲非谓语动词,第一课时知识过关课,李仕才,1/56,复习非谓语动词还需掌握以下几点：,1,句法作用,(,除谓语外其它成份,),2/56,2.,时态和语态,(,以,do,为例,),3/56,时态与语态判断方法：,3,非谓语动词逻辑主语,4/56,4.,有特殊要求动词或动词短语,(1),有动词后只能用不定式而不能接动名词作宾语。如,ask,，,demand(,要求,),，,plan,，,intend,，,mean(,计划,),，,manage,，,do/try one,s best,，,make an attempt,，,learn(,学习,),，,wish,，,hope,，,desire,，,expect,，,long,，,want,，,would like,，,should like,，,would prefer(,希望、愿意,),，,agree,，,promise(,同意,),，,decide,，,determine,，,choose,，,make a decision,，,make up one,s mind(,决定,),，,offer(,主动提出,),，,apply(,申请,),，,help(,帮助,),，,fail(,不能、没有,),，,prepare(,准备,),，,pretend(,假装,),，,refuse(,拒绝,),，,happen(,恰巧,),，,afford(,负担得起,),等。,5/56,(2),有动词或动词短语后只能用动名词而不能接不定式。如,allow,，,permit(,允许,),，,consider(,考虑,),，,suggest,，,advise(,提议,),，,keep(on)(,重复；不停,),，,finish(,完成,),，,imagine(,想象,),，,practise(,练习,),，,understand(,明白,),，,appreciate,，,enjoy(,喜欢,),，,miss(,错过；思念,),，,prevent(,阻止,),，,forbid(,禁止,),，,escape(,防止,),，,include(,包含,),，,forgive,，,pardon,，,excuse(,原谅,),，,dislike(,厌恶,),，,discuss(,讨论,),，,report(,报道,),，,admit(,认可,),，,mind(,介意,),，,risk(,冒险,),，,can,t stand(,不能忍受,),，,burst out(,突然开始,),，,feel like(,想要,),，,insist on(,坚持,),，,delay(,推迟，延误,),，,put off(,推迟,),，,give up(,放弃,),，,be busy(,忙于,),，,be worth(,值得,),等。,6/56,(3),以下动词和短语动词后接不定式和接动名词意义不一样：,remember to do(,记住去做,),，,remember doing(,记得做过,),；,forget to do(,忘记去做,),，,forget doing(,忘记做过,),；,regret to do(,遗憾地做,),，,regret doing(,后悔做了,),；,try to do(,设法做,),，,try doing(,试做,),；,go on to do(,接着做另一事,),，,go on doing(,继续做同一事,),；,mean to do(,打算做,),，,mean doing(,意味着,),；,stop to do(,停下来去做,),，,stop doing(,停顿做,),；,can,t help to do(,不能帮助做,),，,can,t help doing(,情不自禁做,),。,7/56,(4),在介词后普通用动名词，下面是一些含介词固定句式,(,其中有介词有时会被省略,),：,prevent/stop/keep.from doing(,阻止,做,),；,spend/waste time or money in doing(,在做,方面花费,/,浪费时间或金钱,),；,How/What about doing sth(,做,怎么样？,),；,have some difficulty/trouble in doing(,在做,方面有些困难,),；,have a hard time in doing sth(,做某事很艰难,),；,there is no sense in doing(,做,是没有理由,/,道理,),；,thank/excuse/admire/praise/blame/scold/punish sb for doing sth(,因做某事而感激,/,原谅,/,羡慕,/,表彰,/,责备,/,责骂,/,处罚某人,),等。,8/56,(5)to,是介词固定词组很多，常见有：,look forward to(,期望,),，,devote.to/be devoted to(,致力于,),，,be/get used to(,习惯,),，,lead to(,造成,),，,get down to(,开始认真,),，,pay attention to(,注意,),，,refer to(,谈到,),，,point to(,指向,),，,turn to(,转向,),，,object to(,反对,),，,be equal to(,等于，能胜任,),，,belong to(,属于,),等。,(6),在表示,“,需要,”,need,，,want,，,require,等后用,v,.-ing,主动式表示被动含义，此时也可用不定式被动式。,9/56,(7),在,make,，,let,，,have(,使，让,),等使役动词后作宾补不定式要省略不定式符号,to,，但在被动语态后作主补时要加上,to,。在,hear,，,see,，,watch,等感官动词后，作宾补时，用原形表示动作全过程；用现在分词表示当初动作正在发生；若是被动语态，原形前要加上,to,。,另外，表示情感动词，其分词作形容词用时，,v,.-ing,表示,“,令人,”,事物；,v,.-ed,表示,“,感到,”,。如：,surprising,令人吃惊,(,事物,),；,surprised(,人,),感到吃惊。,10/56,读语篇，悟语法。重复朗诵以下短文，留心领悟黑体画线非谓语动词。思索：是哪类非谓语动词，在句中作什么成份。,Good afternoon,，,Ladies and gentlemen.It is a great honor for me,to introduce,1,this English speech contest.As we all know,，,to master,2,a foreign language is very important for us.,Taking part,3,in English speech is a helpful way,to learn English,4,Everyone wants,to show,5,their best.When we have been preparing for it,，,we can improve our,listening and speaking,6,ability,，,developing,7,a good habit of,learning English,8,11/56,In the process of the competition,，,you should pay attention to the rules,made by us,9,First,，,you should make your voice,heard,10,clearly by everyone,，,so,reading aloud,11,is very necessary.Second,，,you should try your best,to express,12,yourself in English fluently.Finally,，,you should finish your speech in five minutes.,I am sure the English speech competition will be a great success and the audience will feel,satisfied,13,with our performance.Thank you!,12/56,1,to introduce this English speech contest,是不定式作真正主语，,it,是形式主语。,2,to master a foreign language,也是不定式作主语。,3,Taking part in English speech,是动名词短语作主语。,4,to learn English,是不定式作定语，修饰,way,。,5,to show their best,是不定式作宾语，在,want,，,hope,，,decide,等动词后，若用动词作宾语，只能用不定式。,6,listening and speaking,是动名词作定语，修饰,ability,，表示类别。,13/56,7,developing a good habit of learning English,是现在分词短语作状语。,8,learning English,是动名词短语作介词,of,宾语。,9,made by us,是过去分词短语作后置定语。,10,heard clearly by everyone,是过去分词短语作宾补。,11,reading aloud,是动名词短语作主语。,12,to express yourself in English fluently,是不定式作目标状语。,13,satisfied,是过去分词作形容词，在句中作表语，意为,“,感到满意,”,。,14/56,.,单句填空,(,用所给动词适当形式填空,),1,Mary will never forget the first time she saw him.He suddenly appeared in class one day,，,_(wear)sunglasses.,2,I noticed a man _(sit)at the front.,3,He spat it out,，,_(say)it was awful.,4,She wished that he was as easy _(please)as her mother,，,who was always delighted with perfume.,5,For example,，,the proverb,，,“plucking up a crop _(help)it grow”,，,is based on the following story.,wearing,sitting,saying,to please,to help,15/56,6,Simon made a big bamboo box _(keep)the little sick bird till it could fly.,7,His first book _(publish)next month is based on a true story.,8,Lydia doesn,t feel like _(study)abroad.Her parents are old.,9,Sarah pretended to be cheerful,，,_(say)nothing about the argument.,10,I had great difficulty _(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.,11,It rained heavily in the south,，,_(cause)serious flooding in several provinces.,12,The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _(weigh)less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.,to keep,to be published,studying,saying,finding,causing,weighing,16/56,13,I can,t stand _(work)with Jane in the same office.She just refuses _(stop)talking while she works.,14,As a result of the serious flood,，,twothirds of the buildings in the area need _(repair),15,Isn,t it time you got down to _(mark)the papers?,16,Mr.Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _(set)up some schools for poor children.,17,Tsinghua University,，,_(found)in 1911,，,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.,working,to stop,repairing/to be repaired,marking,setting,founded,17/56,18,Li Jian put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _(remind)of his own dreams.,19,_(offer)an important role in a new movie,，,Andy had got a chance to become famous.,20,Claire had her luggage _(check)an hour before her plane left.,21,Alexander tried to get his work _(recognize)in the medical circles.,22,A great number of students _(question)said they were forced to practise the piano.,reminded,Offered,checked,recognized,questioned,18/56,.,单句改错,(,以下每句中最多有两处错误，每处错误仅包括一个单词增加、删除或修改，请指出并更正。,),动词不定式,1,He managed escape from the fire._,2,Nothing will make me to change my mind._,3,Mary doesn,t have to be made learn because she always works hard._,4,He hurried to the train station,，,only find the train had gone._,5,Tired from work,，,he wants to do nothing but to watch TV._,6,At present,，,I have no choice but wait._,在,manage,后加,to,去掉,to,在,be made,后加,to,在,find,前加,to,去掉,watch,前,to,在,but,后加,to,19/56,7,You feel stressed out.Why not having a chat with our teachers,？,_,8,I don,t think it possible to mastering a foreign language without much memory work._,9,I,ve worked with children before,，,so I know what expect in my new job._,10,All of you can have another try if you want._,having,have,mastering,master,在,expect,前加,to,在,want,后加,to,20/56,11,In our city,，,there are a lot of restaurants that serving western food.,_,12,You can,t imagine how excited it is to listen to top scientists share their prediction on what the world will be like in a century._,13,Sit beside me,，,my beloved daughter gave me a vivid description of what she experienced in her dream._,14,We were kept to waiting for quite a long time before the host turned up.,_,15,On the Dragon Boat Festival,，,we saw the seashore crowded with people watched the dragon boat race._,动词,-ing,形式,去掉,that/serving,serve,excited,exciting,Sit,Sitting,去掉,waiting,前,to,watched,watching,21/56,16,It is no good copy the answer without trying to understand it._,17,Missing the train mean waiting for another hour._,18,The majority of the people questioned in an online survey are opposed to increase retirement age._,19,As a senior 3 student preparing for the coming test,，,he spends most of his time improve this problemsolving ability._,20,It is reported that the hurricane caused great damage to the constructions of the town,，,with tens of hundreds of houses destroyed by the fallen trees._,copy,copying,mean,means,increase,increasing,improve,improving,fallen,falling,22/56,21,Now when people refer to England you find Wales including as well.,_,22,Exhausting,，,I slid into bed and fell fast asleep._,23,The paintings being stolen from the museum haven,t been found._,24,The murderer was brought in,with his hands tying behind._,25,Mr.Smith,，,tired of the bored speech,，,started to read a novel._,26,Seeing from the space,，,the earth looks blue._,动词,-ed,形式,including,included,Exhausting,Exhausted,去掉,stolen,前,being,tying,tied,bored,boring,Seeing,Seen,23/56,27,The architects inviting by the king thought highly of the bridge built,，,and gave more suggestions before it was finished._,28,Keep in refrigerator,，,these vegetables will remain fresh._,29,Do you think the workers can get the job finishing on time,？,_,30,We hear it say frequently that what now people most desire is security._,inviting,invited,；在,built,前加,being,Keep,Kept,finishing,finished,say,said,24/56,.,语篇填空,(,用所给动词正确形式填空,),1,_(fall)in love with a beautiful lady,，,a lion went to her parents and asked them 2._(marry)her to him.The old parents did not know what to say.,Not 3._(hope)to give their daughter to the lion,，,they did not want 4._(anger)the king of beasts.,At last the father said,，,“,We are glad 5._(marry)our daughter to you,，,but we fear that you might possibly hurt her.So 6._(remove)your claws and teeth,，,you can marry her.,”,25/56,7,_(love)the lady very much,，,the lion trimmed(,修剪,)his claws and took out his big teeth.8._(come)to the parents again,，,he was simply laughed in his face.9._(beat)out of the house,，,the lion felt 10._(depress)and died soon.,26/56,【语篇导读】,这是一则有深刻意义寓言故事。寓意：有些人轻易相信他人话，抛弃自己优点，结果轻而易举地被原来害怕自己人击败了。,1,Falling,a lion,与,fall,是主动关系，用,v,.,ing,形式作状语，表示原因。,2,to marry,ask sb to do sth,，不定式作宾补。,3,hoping,they,与,hope,是主动关系，用,v,.,ing,形式作状语，表示让步，相当于,Although they didn,t hope to.,4,to anger,want,后只能用不定式作宾语，意为,“,不想激怒百兽之王,”,。,5,to marry,在作表语形容词,glad,后作状语，表示原因，只能用不定式。,27/56,6,removing,you,与,remove,是主动关系，用,v,.,ing,形式作状语，表示条件，相当于,if you remove.,。,7,Loving,the lion,与,love,是主动关系，用,v,.,ing,形式作状语，表示原因。,8,Coming,he,与,come,是主动关系，用,v,.,ing,形式作伴随状语。,9,Beaten,the lion,与,beat,是被动关系，用,v,.,ed,形式作状语，表示原因。,10,depressed,表示狮子,“,感到沮丧,”,，用,v,.,ed,形式作表语。,28/56,第二课时高考研究课,非谓语动词在语法填空中考查点,规律方法,“,4,步法,”,轻松搞定语法填空,第一步：利用,“,有没有连词,”,标准确定是谓语还是非谓语,分析句子结构，判断出句子主干,主语和谓语。假如题线处作谓语，则要用谓语动词；假如题线处不作谓语，则要用非谓语动词。,第二步：依据句意和作用确定句子成份,依据句意和题线处于句子中位置和作用，确定其所充当句子成份，从而确定空格内所需填入非谓语动词形式。,29/56,第三步：依据与逻辑主语关系确定语态,假如非谓语动词表示动作与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，则用,v,.-ing,形式或不定式主动式；若为动宾关系，则用,v,.-ing,形式被动式、不定式被动式或过去分词。,第四步：依据与谓语动词先后关系确定时态,非谓语动词表示动作发生在谓语动词表示动作之前用过去分词或不定式完成式；假如非谓语动词表示动作发生在谓语动词表示动作之后用不定式或,v,.-ing,形式普通式。,30/56,1,This included digging up the road,，,_(lay)the track and then building a strong roof over the top.,(,全国卷,),2,Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.They are required _(process)the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.,(,全国卷,),laying,laying,和句中,digging up,building,并列，作,include,宾语。,真题验证,1,to process,require sb to do sth,要求某人做某事。,31/56,3,Fast food is full of fat and salt;by _(eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.,(,全国卷,),4,But unlike her school friends,，,16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm _(rest),Instead,she is earning,6,，,500 a day as a model in New York.,(,全国卷,),eating,by,在此处表示,“,经过,”,，是介词，后接动词,ing,形式作宾语。,resting,spend time(in)doing,花费时间做某事，为固定句型。,32/56,5,But Sarah,who has taken part in shows along with top models,wants _(prove)that she has brains as well as beauty.,(,全国卷,),6,Sixteen years earlier,Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _(cook)a meal.,(,浙江卷,),to prove,依据句子结构可知，此处应该使用不定式作动词,want,宾语。,to cook,依据句子结构可知，本句已经有谓语动词,remove,，故此处用不定式作目标状语。,33/56,7,My ambassadorial duties will include _(introduce)British visitors to the 120plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research centre in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.,(,全国卷,),8,If you find something you love doing outside of the office,you,ll be less likely _(bring)your work home.,(,全国卷,),introducing,动名词,introducing,作,include,宾语。,to bring,be likely to do.,有可能做,，为固定句型。,34/56,9,In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to“air condition”a house without _(use)electric equipment.,(,全国卷,),10,When a new day breaks,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _(cool)the house during the hot day.,(,全国卷,),using,介词后常惯用动名词形式作宾语。,to cool,be,adj,.,enough to do,足够,能够做，为固定句型。,35/56,11,Abercrombie&Kent,a travel company in Hong Kong,says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _(live)in Shanghai and Hong Kong.,(,全国卷,),12,Yangshuo is really beautiful.A study of travelers _(conduct)by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.,(,全国卷,),living,live,和,people,之间为主动关系，故用现在分词。,conducted,conduct,与其所修饰名称,study,组成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。,36/56,非谓语动词在短文改错中考查点,1,正确分析句子结构。假如句中已经有谓语动词，那么另外一个动词在无连词情况下要改为非谓语动词。,2,依据非谓语动词在句中所作成份、句式特殊要求，判断非谓语动词形式。,3,确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系。,4,切记一些惯用搭配。,5,介词后经常使用动名词作宾语。,规律方法,37/56,1,I showed them I was independent by wear strange clothes.,(,全国卷,),_,2,After looks at the toy for some time,，,he turned around and found his parents were missing.,(,全国卷,),_,3,We,ve been spending a lot of time sing in karaoke bars.,(,四川卷,),_,真题验证,2,wear,wearing,介词后应使用动名词作宾语。,looks,looking,介词后应使用动名词作宾语。,sing,singing,spend time(in)doing.,为固定句型。,38/56,4,I enjoyed sit close to the windows and looking at the view.,(,浙江卷,),_,5,One evening at sunset,we sat by the fire,have our barbecue.,(,陕西卷,),_,6,Have tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner,which might not be served until 8 o,clock at night.,(,全国卷,),_,sit,sitting,enjoy,后经常接动名词作宾语。,have,having,句中谓语动词为,sat,，且句中无连词，故,have,应该改为现在分词短语作伴随状语。,Have,Having,谓语动词为,provides,，依据句子结构可知，其前应该为主语，故用动名词,having,作主语。,39/56,第三课时写作增分课,非谓语动词在写作中增分点,一、用不定式或动名词作主语写句子,1,假如你想上一个好大学，学好英语是一件必须做事情。,(be admitted to a key college,learn English well,a must),_,(,也可用,To learn,。用,Learning,时句子表示是普通常识；用,To learn,you,指是详细一个人,),Learning English well is a must if you want to be admitted to a key college.,40/56,2,经常锻炼身体不但对我们健康有好处，还能够使我们学习更高效。,(take exercise regularly,do a lot of good to,learn more effectively),3,现在辍学不是个好主意，你以后会后悔。,(drop out of school,regret),_,_,Taking exercise regularly will do a lot of good to our health,which can also help us learn,more effectively.,_,To drop out of school now is not a good idea,for which you will regret in the future.,41/56,二、用非谓语动词作表语写句子,1,我兴趣是听音乐和踢足球。,(hobby),2,我职责是照看全部这些花。,(duty,take care of),_,3,我梦想是上重点大学。,(dream,go to a key college),_,_,My hobbies are listening to music and playing football.,My duty is taking care of all these flowers.,My dream is to go to a key college.,42/56,三、用不定式作宾语、动名词作宾语写句子,1,我下决心尽我最大努力来赶上他人。,(determine,do one
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