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,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,Unit 6 How to Mark a Book,1/119,A Survey,Directions:,Here is a survey about“Young Peoples Attitudes towards Reading”.Below are the results from the survey conducted by Mori of Nestle Family Monitor.The results are based on questionnaires completed by over 900 teenagers at 33 state and independent schools and 6 colleges between March and May in.,2/119,Examples,Do teenagers read?,Eighty-three percent read in spare time.,Eleven percent never read outside of school hours(these students were more likely to come from a home where neither parent nor guardian worked).,Sixteen percent boys never read in their spare time compared to only seven percent girls.,3/119,What makes young people want to read?,Forty-three percent will read something as a result of a peer recommendation.,Ten percent will read something if it is recommended by a teacher.Fifteen percent are keen to read a book about a film they enjoy.,Twenty-three percent say they will read a book about a famous person they are interested in or as a,hobby(this figure is higher for boys).,4/119,Other results:,Age from 13 to 14 is a key period,where an interest in reading dwindles.,Seventy percent say they will prefer to watch TV or a DVD than read a book.,On the whole,girls are more enthusiastic about reading than boys.,Boys are“significantly more likely than girls to say that they are encouraged to read if the book is about a place,subject or hobby in which they are interested”.,5/119,Directions:Try to do such kind of survey in different classes.Use the statistics you get to analyze their attitudes towards reading.Then report your results orally to the whole class.,Your preferred places for recreational reading(multi-choices),6/119,Sources of books you read in the last 12 months,7/119,What type of books do you consume?,8/119,2.Listening Comprehension,Mortimer J.Adler,Directions:Listen to the passage and finish the exercise.,1.Adler was an,2.He got his Ph.D.from,3.He taught in University of Chicago from,9/119,4.He organized an adult discussion group program in,5.He edited,Great Books of the Western World,in,6.He became director of planning for the 15th edition of,Encyclopaedia Britannica,in,10/119,Rembrandt,Directions:Listen to the passage and fill in the words that you hear.,Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn was born into an that was conducive to .After years of war and upheaval,（动荡),life in the United Provinces of the Netherlands was renowned for its tranquility,(宁静),.Rembrandts father was a miller and his mother was the daughter of a baker.The van Rijns were Calvinists.In the year of the artists birth,Leiden,his hometown,was known as one of,intellectual and artistic centers in the country.,atmosphere,creativity,prosperous,principal,11/119,3.Background Information,John Deway(18591952),American philosopher and educator,Achievement:,His educational psychology and philosophy had a great influence on educational development.,12/119,13/119,Robert Maynard Hutchins(18991977),American educator.,Achievements:,Famous for his unconventional theories about higher education,President of the University of Chicago in 1929 at the age of 30,Remained president until 1945,Chairman of the board for the 15th edition of,Encyclopaedia,Britannica,published in 1974,14/119,Mr.Vallee(19011986),American singer of popular music who enjoyed fame in the 1920s,15/119,“Paradise Lost”:an epic poem by John Milton(16081674),first printed in 1667.,16/119,“Gone with the Wind”,A romantic novel of Georgia during the American Civil War and Reconstruction,Written by the American author Margaret Mitchell,(19001949),Published in 1936,Awarded a Pulitzer Prize,17/119,Warm-up Questions,1)What kind of books do you like?,2)How do you read a book?,3)Do you have any suggestions on how to become an efficient reader?,18/119,Part Division of the Text,Parts,Paragraphs,Main ideas,1,1,2,2-5,3,6-11,4,12-20,Readers are persuaded to write between the lines,Two ways of owing a book;three kinds of book owners,Detailed reasons for making up a book,The writers way to mark a book,19/119,Scanning,Directions:Scan this part and try to find out the following proper names and think about what these words might stand for.,20/119,Location,What they stand for,Paradise Lost,an epic poem by John Milton,Rembrandt,a great Dutch painter and graphic artist,Gone with the Wind,a romantic novel of Georgia during the Civil War and Reconstruction,written by the American author Margaret Mitchell,John Dewey,American philosopher,educator,and author,Mr.Vallee,American singer and orchestra leader,21/119,True or False,1.You cant read most efficiently if you dont“write between the lines”.(),2.As soon as you have bought a book,the book belongs to you.,(),3.According to the author,books should not be kept as clean and shiny as the day they were bought.(),T,F,This act of purchase is only the prelude to possession.Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself,and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.,T,22/119,4.According to the author,you can mark up any books that belong to you.,(),5.Marking up a book while reading can keep you from dozing off.,(),6.Books should be read in a state of relaxation.,(),T,You had better not mark up a beautifully printed book or an elegantly bound edition.,T,F,The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation,and nothing is lost.But a book,rich in ideas and beauty,a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions,demands the most active reading of which you are capable.,23/119,7.Your reading is active when you have filled the pages of the book with your notes.(),8.Reading a book is somewhat like having a conversation with the author.(),9.Learning means absorbing whatever you are exposed to on the subject.(),10.By“marking a book”,the author only means writing in the margin of the pages.(),T,T,F,Learning doesnt consist in being an empty receptacle.The learner has to question himself and question the teacher.,F,There are all kinds of devices for marking a book intelligently and fruitfully.,24/119,Warm-Up Questions,What does it mean to read actively?,We all prompt active reading because it is the most efficient way when we are reading.Active reading involves grasping general meaning of the passage,anticipating the contents we will possibly say next based on the understanding of previous reading,and guessing the new words,vague and incomplete meaning between the lines.Obviously,active reading is more effective and appropriate than passive one.It will not only save your reading time and improve your reading skills,but also bring you fun while reading.,25/119,What do you think when you read a book that others have written on?,Actually,I seldom read the books that others have written on.But I know many Chinese literary classics have been marked by others,even by famous writers and published.For example,“A Dream of Red Mansious”,“Confucious”,etc.I think the marked books help us read and understand the original more precisely or in different angle of view.Entering and exploring the inner world of the author by reading both the original and the marked ones together is a great fun.,26/119,Part1,Readers are persuaded to write between the lines,27/119,Questions for paragraph 1,How can one do the most efficient kind of reading according to the author?,The author thinks that readers should read between the lines in orders to do the most efficient kind of reading.,28/119,Detailed Reading of Part,read between the lines:,look for what is implied or suggested,but not actually stated,E.g.,I could read between the lines that my daughter was homesick though she said that she didnt like college life very much.,我们经常得从小说字里行间来了解故事真正含义。,We often have to read a novel between the lines to get the real meaning of the story.,29/119,persuade:,vt,.,cause(sb.)to do(sth.)by talking to him or arguing with him,医生已屡次劝他戒烟。,His doctor has persuaded him to give up smoking many times.,He persuaded her to go to school,even though she did not want to.,即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。,我们成功地劝说他放弃那个愚蠢计划。,We have succeeded in persuading him out of that foolish plan.,30/119,Pattern:persuade sb.to do sth.,劝某人做某事,persuade sb.into doing sth.,劝某人做成某事,persuade sb.out of doing sth.,劝某人放弃做某事,NB:,该词名词为,persuasion,；反义词为,dissuade,。,31/119,Part2,Two ways of owing a book;three kinds of book owners,32/119,For Part 2 Multiple Choice,Directions:Choose the best answer for each of the following.,1,.According to the author,the real book owners are those who _.,A)have paid for them,B)have gained their property right,C)have their minds enriche,D)have dipped into most of them,KEY,33/119,2.The purpose of the authors comparing the beefsteak in the butchers to that in your ice box is that _.,A)you have paid for them so that you can take them back,B)you can cook them anyway you like since they are yours,C)you dont get anything valuable unless you have made them part of,yourself,D)you are the real owner of beefsteak since you have paid for them,KEY,34/119,3.The author uses the example of beefsteak to remind us that _.,A)books are as important as beefsteak to our body,B)books must be absorbed as beefsteak is in our body and to do us good,C)books should be kept in a good place just as beefsteak in an ice box,D)we can write in the books since we have paid for them,KEY,35/119,4.Which of the following is NOT true?,A)The author would have to mark up a painting or a statue.,B)The author wouldnt let his baby make drawings on an original,painting by a great artist.,C)The author wouldnt scribble all over a rare or an elegantly bound,edition.,D)The author would take pains to keep intact the physical appearance,of famous books.,KEY,36/119,5.What is the best title for this part?,A)Ownership of a book and book owners,B)Dont write in rare and elegant edition,C)Show respects to the author by buying a cheap edition,D)Read through all the books you have bought,KEY,37/119,Questions for paragraph 3,What does the author mean by full ownership of a book?,In his eyes,full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself,and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it.,38/119,Questions for paragraph 4,How does the author classify book owners?,The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers unread,untouched.,The second has a great many books a few of them read through,most of them dipped into,but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought.,The third has a few books or many every one of them dog-eared and dilapidated,shaken and loosened by continual use,marked and scribbled in from front to back.,39/119,Questions for paragraph 5,What if your respect for elegant binding or printing gets in the way?,If my respect for magnificent binding or printing gets in the way,Ill buy myself a cheap edition so that I can write in it.,40/119,Detailed Reading of Part II,pay for:,hand over the price of;bear the cost of,He will have to pay for his foolish behavior.,他为自己所犯错误付出了高昂代价。,He paid dearly for his mistake.,：,41/119,NB:,由,pay,一词组成惯用短语还有,pay back,偿还；报复,pay off,全部还清；报复,pay up,付清,annual pay,年薪,extra pay,额外酬劳,附加工资,starting pay,任职首次薪金,42/119,prelude:,n.,something that comes before and acts as an introduction to something more important,The widespread fighting in the streets may be a prelude to more serious trouble.,His frequent depressions were the prelude to a complete mental breakdown.,43/119,transfer:,v,.,take or move from one person or place to another,父母决定给孩子转学。,The parents decided to transfer the boy to another school.,Tom transferred from Department 3 to Department 1.,44/119,sense:,n.,meaning,He cant be called a writer in a strict sense of word.,等三小时是不合理。,Theres no sense in waiting three hours.,45/119,Collocation:,come to ones senses,使某人清醒过来,make sense,讲得通，有道理,in all senses,从任何意义上说，在各方面,in a/one sense,从某种意义上说,in the literal sense,按字面意义上来说,in ones right sense,神志正常,out of ones sense,精神失常，糊涂,46/119,absorb:,vt,1.take in(a liquid,knowledge,ideas,etc.),White surfaces dont absorb much heat or light.Instead,they reflect rays of heat and light that strike them.,读懂一篇文章是件费劲事情，因为这需要高度脑力活动。,To follow and absorb a passage is a little bit hard as it requires a high level of mental involvement.,2)interest sb.very much,Computer games absorb so much of childrens attention that some of them forget to go to school.,作家全神贯注地进行写作以致于忘了弹去雪茄烟烟灰。,The writer was so absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.,47/119,do sb.good:,help or benefit sb.,Does it do you any good staying up late every night?,多吃蔬菜对你有好处。,Eating more vegetables will do you good.,48/119,read through:,finish reading,等我把书读完再告诉你我意见。,I will give you my opinion when I read the book through.,It takes time to read through the books rich in ideas.,49/119,dip into:,read here and there in(a book);browse,我只来得及浏览了一下这部小说。,I have had time just to dip into the novel.,Some books should be read through,some are to be dipped into,.,50/119,restrain:,vt.,hold back;control,I cant restrain my anger when I hear of people being cruel to animals.,站在中间人劝另外两人抑制自己不要打架。,The man standing in the middle persuaded the two men to restrain themselves from fighting.,51/119,Pattern:,restrain sth./sb.restrain sb./oneself from doing sth.,restrain,有两层含义，一是抑制或控制自己不去做某事，二是阻止或阻止 他人去做某事，比如：,He was restrained from going there alone.,他抑制自己不一个人去.,。,refrain,只有第一个意思。所以表示“抑制”或告诫他人别做某事时惯用,restrain,，比如：,She was so hurt but she refrained her tears before the public.,她即使很受伤害，不过在众人面前她还是忍住了泪水。,52/119,continual:,adj,.,sth.happening again and again,repeated,尽管医生不停地警告他，他还是继续抽烟、喝酒。,He still smokes and drinks,despite of the continual warnings of his doctor.,Continual dropping wears away the stone.,Recently the young couple have continual arguments with each other for trifles.,53/119,continual,continuous&constant,这三个形容词皆有“连续、不停”意思,continual,连续、频繁，指在一段时间内连续发生，或时断时续。,continuous,连续、不停，指中间无任何间歇，也指空间连成一 片，如海洋、平原等。,constant,经常、不停，指某种行为持久不变或重复发生，缺乏程度或性质上改变。,54/119,Directions:Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where necessary.,1.People in this city are tired of,noise of traffic.,2.The arguments between the couple seems to be part of their lives.,3.In history,change is,c,ontinuous,continual,constant,55/119,preserve:,vt,.,keep safe from harm,danger or decay,The Town Council spent a lot of money to preserve the old castle and other places of historic interest.,我们越来越明白保护自然资源主要性。,We are now becoming more aware of the importance of preserving our environment.,56/119,preserve,conserve&reserve,这三个动词都有“保留、保护”意思,preserve,指保持某个有价值东西完好无损，质量不变。与,reserve,相 比暗示一旦消失不可能填补。另外，该词还专指对健康、食品质量、自由等保护。,conserve,指合理使用某个有价值东西，暗示一旦用光，难以填补。,reserve,指保留方便以后使用。,57/119,Directions:Fill in the blanks with the words above.Change the form where necessary,.,1.This sum of money is for my daughter.,2.It is policemans job to law and order.,3.your energy.We will climb mountain tomorrow.,4.He tried to his child from danger.,reserved,preserve,Conserve,preserve,58/119,no more than:,not any more than
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