英语名词单复数用法大全.docx

英语名词单复数用法大全一、规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式，一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：1、一般情况在词尾加-s：map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2、以 s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es： class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3、以-f或-fe结尾的词变-f和-fe为 v再加-es：leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives；加-s： belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4、以辅音字母加 y结尾的名词，变 y为 i加-es：party-parties, family-families, story-stories,city-cities5、以音辅字母加 y结尾的名词，或专有名词以 y结尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6、以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词一般加-es：hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes,tomato-tomatoes；不少外来词加-s： piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos两者皆可：zero-zeros/zeroes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7、以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s：radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8、以-th结尾的名词加-s：truth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths二、不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：1、改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese,mouse-mice2、单复数相同：sheep, deer, series, means, works, fish, species li, yuan, jin,3、只有复数形式：ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4、一些集体名词总是用作复数：people, police, cattle, staff5、部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员）：audience, class, family,crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6、复数形式表示特别含义：customs(海关), forces(军队), times(时代), spirits(情绪), drinks(饮料), sands(沙滩), papers(文件报纸), manners(礼貌), looks(外表), brains(头脑智力), greens(青菜),ruins(废墟)7、表示“某国人”加-s：Americans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans；单复数同形 Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese；以-man或-woman结尾的改为 men,-women，Englishmen, Frenchwomen8、合成名词将主体名词变为复数：sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boyfriends；无主体名词时将最后一部分变为复数：grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches；将两部分变为复数：women singers, men servants