2025-2026学年山西省临汾市侯马市502学校英语高三第一学期期末质量检测模拟试题.doc

2025-2026学年山西省临汾市侯马市502学校英语高三第一学期期末质量检测模拟试题
请考生注意：
1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。

第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1．---_____ should we look down upon the poor.
---I’m with you on that.
A．By all means B．By any means C．By means of D．By no means
2．Painting from still images leads to a loss of sensitivity, which is _____ to an artist.
A．absolute B．urgent C．especial D．vital
3．New policies, _______ to insure that compulsory education is truly free, ________ by the local government across China since the start of school on September 1.
A．intending; have been made known B．intended; have been made known
C．intending; are made known D．intended; had made known
4．_____ here, come and have a cup of tea.
A．Passing B．To pass C．Pass D．Having passed
5．—The T­-shirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—________？But I promise you we’ll look into it right away.
A．Who says B．How come
C．What for D．Why worry
6．Along with the email was my brother’s promise ______ I came first in the competition, he would buy me an MP4.
A．what B．that C．that if D．whether
7．I can ________ Diana’s thoughts from the changes in her facial expressions.
A．read B．notice C．count D．watch
8．The man was in a ________ condition with severe injuries to his legs after being attacked by a shark in far north Queensland.
A．skeptical B．critical
C．practical D．physical
9．— I wonder what makes you a good salesperson.
— I ________ as a waiter for three years,which contributes a lot to my today’s work.
A．serve B．served
C．have served D．had served
10．Don't you think _______of great importance that we should keep fit by taking exercise regularly?
A．this B．that C．which D．it
11．It's ________ me why Alice gave up her job and got married.
A．under B．above C．over D．beyond
12．_____ his homework in time, he had to stay up late into the night.
A．Finishing B．Having finished C．To finish D．To have finished
13．When the questions got personal during the talk show, the actress ______ in tears as she opened up about the wounds she suffered.
A．broke up B．broke down C．broke out D．broke through
14．Billy Crystal hosted the Academy Awards again this year, and his performances always ________ the expectations of most audience.
A．sign up for B．drop out of
C．be bent on D．live up to
15．—Did you pass your driving test?
—Yes, otherwise I ________ to the picnic next month.
A．couldn't drive B．couldn't have driven
C．won't drive D．wouldn't have driven
16．It came as a great ________ to the parents that their son finally came back safe and sound.
A．relief B．sense
C．relaxion D．favor
17．The Party could have stated ______ their policy was on this matter, but the voters only received a very dusty answer.
A．why B．when C．whether D．what
18．U.S. President Barack Obama arrived in China’s economic center Shanghai on Sunday night, November 15th2009, ______a state visit to China.
A．starting B．started C．to start D．having started
19．Mary doesn't want to move to Beijing because if she________ _there, she wouldn't be able to see her husband often.
A．would live B．were to live
C．has lived D．lives
20．—People should stop using their cars and start using public transport.
—________. The roads are too crowded as it is.
A．All right B．Exactly
C．Go ahead D．Fine
第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
21．（6分） Peter Skyllberg, a Swedish man, was trapped in his car for two months, with temperatures reaching -30oC, with no food or water, and yet he survived. The best explanation was that his vehicle created an “igloo (snow house) effect” and protected him from the extremely low temperatures and that his body would hibernate(冬眠) during this time.
Can humans get into a low-energy consumption state like a bear by reserving energy, and reducing body temperature? Chinese scientists are looking for the key to regulating body temperature.
Scientists have found the hypothalamus (下丘脑), an area in the central lower part of the brain, is responsible for regulating body temperature. Wang Hong, a brain scientist at the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, led her team to mark the neurons (神经元) responsible for regulating body temperature in mice by means of a cutting-edge genetic biology technique. In the experiments, they injected (注射) drug into mice to make the body temperatures of the mice drop rom 37C to 27 in two hours. The team found the change in body temperature caused no harm to the health of the mice. “We don’t know if we can develop a drug that can control human body temperature. We still need a lot of study.” Wang said.
Chinese scientists are not alone in such research. Body-cooling techniques are being used in pioneering hospitals around the world. Dutch doctors are now using low temperatures for patients who have suffered brain injuries in accidents, According to doctors working in Florence, it may even help to save the brains of babies who are born suffering from severe epileptic fits (癫痫病发作).
1、Why does the author mention Peter Skyllberg?
A．To tell an amazing story. B．To introduce the topic.
C．To teach survival skills. D．To explain “igloo effect”.
2、What did Wang Hong’s team find in the experiment?
A．Genetic biology technique helped a lot.
B．A drug could control human body temperature.
C．The mice’s health wasn’t damaged by the change of body temperature.
D．Hypothalamus was responsible for regulating body temperature.
3、How can body-cooling techniques help people?
A．Brain injuries may be treated properly
B．People trapped in snow can survive.
C．Patients with epileptic fits will be cured.
D．Medical accidents can be avoided.
4、The text is probably taken from .
A．a biology textbook B．a science fiction
C．a survival brochure D．a medical magazine
22．（8分）When we think about endangered species, we typically think of mammals such as whales, tigers or pandas. But the over 5, 500 of mammal species on Earth is a relatively poor number—and it pales in comparison with bacteria, of which there are at least a million different species.
Despite their vast numbers, little research has been done to understand the impact that modern human practices have on these tiny organisms（生物）, which have an important influence on many aspects of our lives.
There are also reasons for concern over the way humans are affecting bacterial species, and in many cases we are causing the same type of problems that affect larger organisms. Bacterial population structures are definitely changing, and bacterial species are being transported to new locations. Perhaps some bacteria are even on their way to extinction, although we don’t really have enough information to be certain yet.
Why should we care if bacteria are being spread to new places? Besides the obvious potential for spreading diseases to humans, animals and crops, there are also hidden dangers.
Microorganisms are invisible to the naked eye, so we tend to ignore them and don’t necessarily appreciate their role in how the planet operates. Bacteria are very important to biogeochemistry—the cycling of nutrition and other chemicals through ecosystems. For instance, before humans invented a way to make fertilizer industrially, every single nitrogen（氮）atom in our proteins and DNA had to be chemically caught by a bacterial cell before it could be taken in by plants and then enter the human food chain. The oxygen we breathe is largely made by microorganisms in the oceans rather than mainly by rainforests, as is opposite to common belief.
Our effects on bacteria have the potential to change these basic bacterial functions. It is vital to gain a better understanding of how humans are affecting microorganisms’ distribution, their abundance, and their life-keeping processes. Although bacteria are invisible, we overlook them at our own risk.
1、What can be learned about the bacteria according to the text?
A．Their population is becoming larger.
B．Some of them may become endangered species.
C．They only cause great threat to other creatures.
D．Much attention has been drawn to their researches.
2、What was the first step of the cycling of a nitrogen atom before entering our body?
A．Being caught by a bacterial cell. B．Entering the human food chain.
C．Being transported by humans. D．Being taken in by plants.
3、Where is the majority of oxygen produced according to the text?
A．In the human food chain. B．In the rainforest.
C．In the mountains. D．In the oceans.
4、Which part of the newspaper is the text probably taken from?
A．Science and technology. B．Health and medicine.
C．Agriculture and animals. D．Environment and energy.
23．（8分）You can see a sea turtle named Herman, an octopus ( 章鱼) called Octavia, and a seal named Lidia at the Smithsonian’s National Zoo in Washington, D．C．Rather than real animals, they are actually artworks made out of plastic trash from the ocean.
These artworks are part of a traveling exhibit called “Washed Ashore: Art to Save the Sea”. The Washed Ashore project, led by the artist called Pozzi, works to raise awareness about plastic pollution in Earth’s oceans.
More than 315 billion pounds of plastic litter the world’s oceans today. Most of the plastic is garbage from towns and cities, as well as trash that people leave on beaches. Rainwater, winds, and high tides bring the trash into the ocean or into rivers that lead to the ocean. Once it is under the waves, the plastic begins to break up into smaller and smaller pieces.
Thousands of sea animals die each year from eating plastic bags and other things. Each year, millions more pounds of plastic end up in the ocean. A recent study found that if that continues, by 2050 the total weight of plastic will be more than that of all the fish in the ocean.
The Washed Ashore project is working to stop that from happening. Since 2010, Washed Ashore volunteers have collected 38,000 pounds of plastic trash from more than 300 miles of beaches. They helped Pozzi create more than 60 artworks of sea creatures harmed by plastic pollution.
“These artworks are a powerful reminder of our personal role and global responsibility in preserving biodiversity (生物多样性) on land and in the sea,” says Dennis Kelly, director of the National Zoo.
1、What is the purpose of the artworks shown at the Smithsonian’s National Zoo?
A．To let people know about animals in the ocean.
B．To introduce one way of recycling plastic trash.
C．To warn people of plastic pollution in the ocean.
D．To show Pozzi’s great gift for creating artworks.
2、According to the passage, what is the source of plastic pollution in the ocean?
A．Garbage from towns and cities. B．Trash left on beaches by people.
C．Plastic bags broken up by waves. D．Litter created by human activities.
3、The data in Paragraph 5 is given to prove that .
A．plastic pollution will be more serious in the ocean
B．more and more artworks of sea creatures will be made
C．the Washed Ashore project has made great achievements
D．volunteers can solve the ocean pollution successfully by 2050
4、What’s Dennis Kelly’s attitude towards the artworks?
A．Worried. B．Supportive.
C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.
5、What would be the best title for the text?
A．Turning Trash into Art B．Working for Washed Ashore
C．Collecting Plastic Trash D．Stopping Environmental Pollution
24．（8分） The year 2018 will mark the 100th anniversary of the deadliest influenza outbreak in history. It is estimated that the influenza pandemic(瘟疫) of 1918 killed more than 50 million people around the world. Other estimates go much higher. Because of a lack of medical record—keeping, we may never know the exact number.
The influenza was a fast killer. Some victims died within hours of their first symptoms. Others died after a few days. “their lungs filled with liquid and they choked to death.” The 1918 flu pandemic was also different from other outbreaks. It struck many young, healthy people. Viruses usually affect sick or old people.
Although modern medicine effectively controls many diseases, influenza remains difficult to protect against. The World Health Organization estimates that every year influenza kills 250,000 to 500,000 people around the world. Each year, medical scientists develop flu vaccines(疫苗) which offer immunity(免疫) from some influenza viruses. But they can only guess which form of the virus will spread.
Health officials remain concerned about another flu pandemic. New forms of the flu virus appear regularly. One example was the “swine flu” or H1N1 outbreak in 2009. Anthony Fauci, Director of the National Institute of Infectious Diseases in the United States says that virus caused a true pandemic.
To stop the next pandemic, scientists are now researching how to create a universal influenza vaccine. In October 2017, Vanderbilt University Medical Center in the U. S. announced the Universal Influenza Vaccine Initiative. The university said researchers are leading an international effort to develop a universal influenza vaccine that will protect everyone against all forms of the flu anywhere in the world. The university added that researchers will begin tests in early 2018. the Human Vaccines Project, a public—private partnership, is funding the project. However, until a universal influenza vaccine is available, today’s seasonal flu vaccine remains important.
1、What do we know about the influenza in 1918?
A．It swept across the whole Europe.
B．No one survived the first few days.
C．It killed the largest number of people.
D．It struck only young and healthy people.
2、Why is influenza difficult to protect against?
A．It spreads too rapidly.
B．It is quite easy to catch.
C．No vaccine is available.
D．It’s hard to judge the form of virus.
3、What does the author want to tell by mentioning H1N1 in 2009?
A．New forms of flu virus keeps appearing.
B．It was the most serious in recent years.
C．It was caused by the same flu virus of 1918.
D．The H1N1 virus was deadly as well.
4、What can we learn about the universal influenza vaccine?
A．The development is quite costly.
B．It will be used all over the world.
C．It can protect against all forms of flu.
D．It will soon come into use in 2019.
25．（10分） David Cameron is urging today’s youngsters to abandon French to concentrate on the tongue of the future—Mandarin(普通话)。
Cameron said: “I want Britain linked up to the world’s fast-growing economies. And that includes our young people learning the languages to seal tomorrow’s business deals.”
“By the time the children born today leave school, China is to be the world’s largest economy. So it’s time to look beyond the traditional focus on French and German and get many more children learning Mandarin.” To strengthen his message , he quoted Nelson Mandela—the former president of South Africa who said “If you talk to a man in a language he understands that goes to his head; if y