必修三-Module-5--Great-People-and-Great-Inventions-of-Ancient-China.doc

第二部分 必修三 Module 5 Great People and Great
Inventions of Ancient China

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．The general ________ the men ________ practicing.
A．ordered; not to stop　　　 B．ordered; don't stop
C．said to; not to stop D．requested; to not stop
2．In my opinion, no search engine can ________ Baidu in search scope.
A．compete B．equal
C．win D．suit
3．The invention of the typewriter was a great ________ to communication and printing.
A．contribution B．devotion
C．revolution D．construction
4．With no rain for three months, and the food supplies running out, the present ________ here is getting worse.
A．case B．condition
C．state D．situation
5．The reason ________ he made such kind of mistakes is that he has had no ________ experience of this kind of job.
A．whether; previous B．which; before
C．why; previous D．that; before
6．—You are always scolding him, aren't you?
—Yes, what he eats ________ harm to his health.
A．does do B．do do
C．does did D．do does
7．—The authors of computer viruses are geniuses.
—I agree. they can apply their wisdom to other net technology ________ human beings can benefit.
A．in which B．through which
C．on which D．from which
8．How can you resign yourself ________ such a terrible group?
A．to cooperating with B．in cooperating with
C．to cooperating on D．in cooperating on
9．Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ________ local 5­star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night.
A．if B．when
C．which D．since
10．________， I'd like to say how much I've enjoyed staying in your beautiful country.
A．As a result B．In common
C．In conclusion D．In turn
11．John knows so much about the stars that I am sure it would be impossible to find his________.
A．similar　　　　　　　 B．reflection
C．same D．equal
12．The two countries have been ________ war ________ each other for more than five years.
A．at; for B．in; against
C．at; with D．in; with
13．We often ________ the importance of honesty when getting along with others.
A．speak B．talk
C．stress D．tell
14．He applied for the ________ of assistant manager but failed.
A．position B．situation
C．condition D．station
15．How do you feel about the food here, compared to ________ in your hometown?
A．that B．those
C．any D．some
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
What will power your house in the future？Nuclear, wind, or solar power？According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, it might be leaves — but artificial (人造的) ones.
Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy.It is known as photosynthesie (光合作用)．Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process.
The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip (硅片) with catalysts (催化剂)．Similar to natural leaves, it can split water into hydrogen (氢气) and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell (电池), which uses those two materials to produce electricity, located either on top of a house or beside the house.
Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card，scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries.“One can imagine village in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology，” said Docera at a conference of the American Chemical Society.
An artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use .The new leaf, by contrast, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable.In laboratory studies, Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prototype (原型) could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.
The wonderful improvements come from Nocera's recent discovery of several powerful new, inexpensive catalysts.These catalysts make the energy transformation (转换) inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight.Right now, the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one.Besides, the device can run in whatever water is available; that is，it doesn't need pure water.This is important for some countries that don't have access to pure water.
With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”， scientists believe that the new application could be widely used in developing countries, especially in India and rural China.
16．Which of the following order correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity?
a．artificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen
b．the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell
c．the artificial leaves are put in water
d．the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity
A．cbad B．cabd
C．bcad D．cadb
17．Which of the following statements about new artificial leaves is TRUE according to the article?
A．They are inexpensive but unstable.
B．They are as efficient at carrying out photosynthesis as natural leaves.
C．They can work only in pure water.
D．They need several catalysts to help them work efficiently.
18．The aim of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaves is to ________.
A．build up more power stations in the world
B．provide cheaper energy for developing countries
C．offer people in developing countries access to pure water
D．gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process
19．What is the main point of the article?
A．Introduction to the history of artificial leaves.
B．An invention copying photosynthesis.
C．Giving energy to the poor.
D．A mixture of water power and solar energy.
B
Do you remember how you learned to walk when you were a toddler (初学走路的孩子)？I believe no one could ever remember how one learned to walk when he/she was a toddler. According to an article in American Baby Magazine, in February 2000, a baby's long­term memory can be for as long as twenty­four hours at six weeks old and up to four months at sixteen months old. When I took a ride in the time machine, I could only go back to as far as when I was about the ages of
3～4. Anything before that was like a blank piece of paper.
The inability to remember how one learned to walk could be a very important reason why some gave up so readily when they are faced with challenges in life. Had they remembered the time when they were learning to walk, they would not be so ready to give up without a fight.
If you would allow me, please move back in time with me to about one year ago when my twin nephews(侄子)were learning to walk. Even before they learned to walk, they had to learn to fall while trying to stand up on their own legs. Most time when they tried to stand up, they fell. It might take them a while to want to stand up again after they fell, however, they never waited too long to give it another shot.
The question is, if everyone has been through this stage, shouldn't we have this same determination to rise up every time we fall too? I believe everyone has this determination — when we remember how we had stood up every time we fell. The next time when you are facing some challenges, do try to remember how you had learned to walk.
20．In the first paragraph, the author intends to tell us______.
A．we have all forgot how we learned to walk as a baby
B．he could have good long­term memory earlier than others
C．he could remember how he learned to walk as a baby
D．a baby's long­term memory is unreliable
21．Why does the author describe how his twin nephews were learning to walk?
A．To help readers call up their sweet memories.
B．To further explain a baby's long­term memory.
C．To give the readers some inspiration.
D．To help readers recall how they learned to walk.
22．What is the most important thing in how his twin nephews learned to walk, according to the author?
A．Practice.
B．Courage.
C．Encouragement from adults.
D．Determination.
23．The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to________.
A．prove when babies begin to have long­term memories
B．describe how we learned to walk as babies
C．call on us not to give up easily when meeting challenges
D．ask us to keep up sweet childhood memories

详解答案

Ⅰ.单项填空
1．解析：句意：将军命令士兵们不要停止训练。order sb. not to do sth.“命令某人不要做某事”。
答案：A
2．解析：句意：在我看来，没有哪个搜索引擎在搜索范围上能比得上百度。compete“竞赛，竞争”；equal“等于，比得上”；win“赢，战胜”；suit“适合，适宜”。
答案：B
3．解析：句意：打印机的发明对通讯和印刷的作用很大。contribution“贡献，促成作用”；devotion“奉献，献身”；revolution“革命，重大变革”；construction“建设，建筑业”。
答案：A
4．解析：句意：三个月没下雨并且食物供应也短缺了，这个地方现在的形势变得更糟糕了。case“病例，案例，情形”； condition“状况，条件”； state“状况，状态”，常与不定冠词连用构成“in a ...state”或“in a state of ...”结构；situation“形势，状况，事态”。
答案：D
5．解析：句意：他犯这种错误的原因是他没有做这种工作的经验。“the reason why ...is that ...”意为“……的原因是……”，是一个固定句式。
答案：C
6．解析：考查谓语的强调。强调谓语要借助于助动词do/does/did, 并根据人称和时态的变化进行选择，且助动词后要用动词原形。
答案：A
7．解析：考查定语从句。“benefit from ...”表示“从……中受益”，此处是定语从句中介词from 的前置。
答案：D
8．解析：考查resign oneself to doing sth.意为“使自己安于做某事”，其中是to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词；cooperate with“与……合作”。句意：你怎么听任与这么差的团体合作呢？
答案：A
9．解析：句意：因为金融危机，地方的五星级酒店一晚上收取6,000元钱的日子一去不复返了。连词when引导的定语从句修饰days，因为定语从句太长，而主句部分很短，为了保持句子结构的平衡而将从句放在了后面。
答案：B
10．解析：考查介词短语。句意：最后，我想说呆在你们这个美丽的国家我是多么愉快。as a result“因此”；in common“共同”；in conclusion“总之，最后”；in turn“依次”。
答案：C
11．解析：本题中的equal为名词，意为“同等的人”。
答案：D
12．解析：be at war with ...“与……交战”是固定短语。
答案：C
13．解析：考查固定搭配。stress the importance of是固定短语，表示“强调……的重要性”。句意：在与人相处时我们经常强调诚实的重要性。
答案：C
14．解析：考查名词辨析。position“位置，职位”；situation“情景，形势”；condition“状态，条件，环境”；station“车站”。句意：他申请经理助理的职位，但失败了。
答案：A
15．解析：考查代词。此处that指代前面的the food。句意：与你家乡的食物相比，你觉得这里的食物怎么样？指代前面提到的不可数名词，应用that。
答案：A
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
语篇解读：美国研究人员研制出一种人造叶子—它模仿植物叶子的光合作用，可以在光照下用水发电。人造叶子在光照下把水分解成氢和氧，然后将这两种气体贮存在燃料电池中，让它们产生化学反应，产生电能。
16．解析：细节理解题。原文提到人造树叶发电的过程，先把它放在一桶水里，然后树叶将水分解为氢气和氧气，而氢气和氧气被存储于燃料电池里，随后电池利用氢气和氧气的反应发电。
答案：B
17. 解析：细节理解题。原文提到The wonderful improvements come from Nocera's recent discovery of several powerful new, inexpensive catalysts.可见，人造树叶发电能够更有效率关键在于催化剂。
答案：D
18．解析：细节理解题。With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”， scientists believe that the new application could be widely used in developing countries, especially in India and rural China.根据最后一段这一内容，可知科学家开发人造树叶发电这一技术是为了帮助发展中国家和贫穷的地区获得便宜的能源。
答案：B
19．解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文主要讲述了人造树叶模拟光合作用发电这一新发明。
答案：B
B
语篇解读：本文是议论文。人们在生活中遇到挑战时很容易放弃。作者通过儿童学步这一事例教育我们不要轻言放弃。
20.解析：推理判断题。文章第一段通过科学研究和自己的体验说明，人们对自己幼时学步的情景都不记得了。
答案：A
21.解析：推理判断题。理解作者的用意可知：作者描述自己的双胞胎外甥学步的情景，目的是让读者感受儿童学步时的决心，给读者以鼓舞。
答案：C
22.解析：细节理解题。文章最后一段说明：作者认为儿童学步的关键在于他们的决心。
答案：D
23. 解析：主旨判断题。理解第二段和第四段可知，我们中的很多人在遇到挑战时很容易放弃。作者通过描述儿童学步的情景，号召我们向孩童学习，在遇到挑战时不要轻言放弃。
答案：C

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