大学英语四级考试---图表作文写作方法.ppt

大学英语四六级图表作文图表的类型图表的类型主要有下列几种：简称“三图一表”即柱状图（Bar Graph/Chart）、线形图(Line Graph)、饼状图(Pie Graph)和表格(Table)。下边给出了三种图样：通常图表的英文表达会出现在Directions中，所以只要注意审题，直接用题目中给出的词来描述就好。写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：1）认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系；2）确定文章的主题思想，构思出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表主题思想的典型数据；3）编列文章的提纲；4）根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡；5）检查与修改。图表题的写作逻辑结构：图表题的写作逻辑结构：Paragraph I:（1）概括描述图表：趋势描写；（2）具体描述图表：必要数据支持（细 节性）。Paragraph II:（1）提出自己理由和观点（本段主题句）；（2）细节性分论点（主要是原因，用于支持自己的观点，至少两点）。Paragraph III:（1）预测未来和提出解决方法；（2）总结全文和表达作者自己观点。（四）图表作文基本模式（四）图表作文基本模式(a)段落一：According to the figures given in the diagram/picture/pie chart,we can see that _ is increasing in the past _,while _ is decreasing.(从整体上对事物发展的趋势作概括)段落二：Possible reasons for this are as follows.(问题产生的原因)On the one hand,_.(原因一)On the other hand,_.(原因二)Furthermore,_.(原因三)段落三：From what has been analyzed,we can draw a conclusion that _.(得出结论)As a matter of fact,with the improvements in _,the trend will go on in the future.(提出改进的方法或措施)Therefore,_.(最后再强调观点)(b)段落一：The chart gives us an overall picture of the _(图表主题).The first thing we notice is that_(图表最大特点).This means that as _,_(进一步说明).段落二：We can see from the statistics given that _(图表细节一).After v.-ing_(细节一中的第一个变化),the _V.-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化).The figures also tells us that_(图表细节二).(数据位置，如In the second column),we can see that _accounts for _(进一步描述).段落三：Judging from these figures,we can draw the conclusion that_(结论).The reason for this,as far as I am concerned is that_(给出原因)./It is high time that _(发出倡议)常用的描述用语：1)The table/chart diagram/graph shows(that)2)According to/As(is)shown in the table/chart diagram/graph,3)As can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，4)It can be seen/We can see from the figures/statistics that 5)It is clear/apparent from the figures/statistics that 6)A careful study of the table shows that 图表中的数据(Data)具体表达法数据(Data)在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time持续变化的data在不同情况下：增加：increase/raise/rise/go up 减少：decrease/grow down/drop/fall 波动：rebound/wave 稳定：remain stable/stabilize/level off 相关常用词组1、文章开头图表类型：table,chart,diagram,graph,column chart,pie chart 描述：show,describe,illustrate,can be seen from,clear,apparent,reveal,represent内容：figure,statistic,number,percentage,proportion2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply急剧升降的steady/steadily稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend明显趋势during the same period在同一时期unequally不相等地in the case of 在的情况下in terms of/in respect of/regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同Directions:For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled“Education Pays”based on the statistics provided in the chart below(Weekly earnings in 2010).You should give a brief description of the chart first and then make comments on it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Education PaysThe bar chart given above clearly shows the relationship between the education level and earning in 2010.It is quite obvious that the higher level of education you receive,the higher income you get.Those who possess a doctoral degree earn a charming average income of 1,551 dollars weekly,ranking first among all the people investigated.The figures in the chart deny the claim that knowledge is useless and well demonstrate that education pays.Generally speaking,higher educational degrees holders have received a more systematic training in knowledge and skills and thus a better over-all development.With the advancement of science and the adjustment of industrial structure,quite a few high-tech industries emerge overnight,which leads to a soaring demand of a high-quality workforce.It is natural that people with bachelors or higher degrees have a better chance to be hired in high-level positions and get larger pay packets,while those with a lower level of education cannot get a good pay and may be replaced any time due to the fact that their jobs are easy and can be done by average people.As the proverb goes,knowledge is power.We must be aware of the value of education and make full use of the opportunity to learn,so as to ensure a better development in career.Directions:For this part you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic“Student Use of Computers”.You should write at least 120 words and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:Average number of hours a student spends on the computer per week作作 业业1.上图所示为上图所示为1990年、年、1995年、年、2000年某年某校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变校大学生使用计算机的情况，请描述其变化；化；2.请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算请说明发生这些变化的原因（可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明）；明）；3.你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。么困难或问题。