高中英语倒装句语法知识汇总.doc

高中英语倒装句倒装句分为全部倒装和部分倒装 1 全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用于一般现在时和一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。 Then came the chairman. 那时总裁来了。 Here is your letter. 你的信。 2） 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。 Out rushed a missile from under the bomber. 轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。 Ahead sat an old woman. 前面坐着一个老妪。 注意：上述全部倒装的句型结构的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不能完全倒装。Here he comes. 他来了。 Away they went. 他们走开了。 2 部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1.句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time决不, in no way, not until 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间。 2.当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。 I have never seen such a performance. -never have I seen such a performance. The mother didnt leave the room until the child fell asleep. -not until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room.2） Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until的句型，我们知道为一倒装句，答案在C，D 中选一个。 改写为正常语序为，Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前，后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了。 3.以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not onlybut also, Hardly/Scarcelywhen, No sooner than等，要倒装。 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。 4. so, neither, nor作部分倒装 用这些词表示也、也不 的句子要部分倒装。 Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。 If you wont go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。 注意：当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为的确如此。 Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 汤姆邀我去踢球，我去了。 -Its raining hard.-So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。 5. only在句首倒装的情况。 Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。 6. as, though 引导的倒装句 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意： 1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。 2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。 注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。 7. 其他部分倒装 1） so that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。 2） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如： May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。 3） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如： Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。 典型例题： 1）Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know 答案为D.否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。 2）Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didnt realizeD. I realize 答案为B。 3） Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. nor dont I care B. nor do I care C. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 三.巩固练习1._ and caught the mouse.A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumpedC. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began.A. In came Mr BrownB. Mr Brown in cameC. In came heD. came in Mr Brown3. Over _, dead.A. rolling the goatB. rolled the goatC. did the goat rollD. the goat rolled4.Where is my shirt, mum?_.A. There is itB. There it isC. There isD. Here is it5. Where is your father?Oh, _.A. here he comesB. he here comesC. here does he comeD. here comes he6. The door opened and there _.A. enters an old man B. entered an old manC. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now _ your turn to recite the text.A. will come B. comes C. has come D. there is8. Often _ them not to smoke here.A. we advisedB. advised meC. did we adviseD. had we advised9. _ playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boysB. Inside the room two boysC. Were two boys inside the roomD. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. are hanging B. hanged C. hangD. hangs 11. _ who was wounded in the stomach.A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _ , who is no less than eighty.A. that lives an old man B. does an old man liveC. lives an old man D. where lives an old man13. She plays the piano very well, _.A. so every one of us doesB. every one of us doesC. so does every one of usD. so do every one of us14. You say he works hard, _, and _.A. so he does; so you doB. so he does; so do youC. so does he; so do youD. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. _.A. So we wereB. So we didC. So were weD. So did we16. I dont think Jack will come today, _. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesnt C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking, _I.A. so amB. nor am C. neither doD. nor do18. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language .A. So it was with EnglesB. So was it with EnglesC. So was Engles D. So did Engles19. A fish needs water and without water it will die._.A. So does a manB. So will a manC. So it is with a manD. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often forgot to _ her meals.A. had she been in; doB. she was in; makeC. was she in; takeD. she had been in ; have21. So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speak B. did he spoke C. spoke he D. he spoke22. _ his appearance that no one could recognize him.A. Strange so was B. So strange wasC. Was so strangeD. So was strange23. Not once _ their plan.A. did they changeB. they changedC. changed theyD. they did change24. Never _ such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.A. are seeingB. had I seenC. I have seenD. have I seen25. Seldom _ TV during the day.A. they watchB. are they watchingC. have they watchedD. do they watch26. Nowhere _ as in my garden.A. the flowers were so beautifulB. were the flowers so beautifulC. so beautiful were the flowersD. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly _ his homework when he went out.A. finished he B. he had finishedC. did he finish D. had he finished28. Scarcely _ finished their homework _ I came into the classroom.A. had they; thanB. they had; whenC. had they; whenD. did they; when29. Not only _ a promise, but also he kept it.A. has he madeB. does he makeC. he madeD. did he make30. Not until his comrades criticized him _ to admit his mistake.A. had he begunB. began heC. did he beginD. does he beginPart II1. _can you expect to get a pay rise. a.with hard work b. although work hard c. only with hard work d. now that he works hard 2. _, mother will wait for him to have dinner together. a.however late is he b. however he is late c. however is he late d. however late he is 3. not until all the fish died in the river, _ how serious the pollution was. a.did the villagers realize b. the villagers realized c. the villagers did realize d. didnt the villagers realize 4. not until i began to work _ how much time i had wasted. a.didnt realize b. did i realize c. i didnt realize d. i realized 5.do you know jim quarrel with his brother? i dont know, _. a.nor dont i care b. nor do i care c. i dont care neither d. i dont care also 6. only by practicing a few hours every day _ be able to waste much time. a.you can b. can you c. you will d. will you 7. not until the early years of the19th century _ what heat is. a.man did know b. man knew c. didnt man know d. did man know 8. _got into the room, _ the telephone rang. a.he hardly; then b. hardly had he; when c. he had not; than d. not had he; when 9. _ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. a. not only they brought b. not only did they bring c. not only brought they d. not only they did bring 10.i dont think i can walk any further. _, lets stop here for a rest. a.neither can i b. neither do i c. i didnt think so d. i think so 11. only in this way _ do it well. a.must we b. we could c. can we d. we can 12. hardly _ when it began to rain. a.had he arrived b. arrived he c. he had arrived d. did he arrive 13. jack is a student and studies at the no. 2 middle school. _. a. it was the same with mike b.so it is with mike c. so is mike d. so does mike 14. _, i would have given you his address. a. if you asked me b. you had asked me c. should you have asked me d.had you asked me 15. _ that they had made an important discovery in science. a.little they realized b. they had realized little c.little did they realize d. little had they realized 16. _ that i couldnt be absorbed in the work. a. they made such talked b. so loudly they talked c. it was noise outside d. such a loud noise did they make 17. many a time _ me good advice. a. he gave b. does he give c. he has given d. has he given 18. _ have i seen a better performance. a. everywhere b. nowhere else c. everywhere else d. nowhere 19. not a single word _ at the beginning. a. did he say b. has he said c. he said d. he has said 20. only in an hour ago _ out why he was absent. a. did the teacher found b. the teacher foundc. did the teacher find d. had the teacher found 15 CABBA 610 BBBDA 1115 BCCBA 1620 BAACC 2125 ABADD 2630 BDCDC1倒装句，答案为c。 2状语从句的语序应是正常语序，故a、c排除，连词however后必须紧跟形容词或副词，d是正确答案。 3not until引导状语从句位于句首时，主句要倒装，答案为a 。 4本题考查以否定词开头并修饰状语时的主谓语序，这时原状语可以是副词或介词短语，还可以是从句，而主谓的语序为部分倒装，答案为b。 5本题考查neither 或nor连接句子时语序的倒装，答案为b。 6答案为d。 7答案为d。 8hardly.when和no sooner .than是两个固定句型，前半部分置于句首，其后分句要倒装，答案为b 。 9答案为b 。 10答案为b。 11only引导的介词短语或从句位于句首修饰状语时，句子谓语要部分倒装，答案为c。 12部分倒装，答案为a。 13答案为b。 14答案为d。 15副词little位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为c。 16答案为d。 17many修饰名词并位于句首时，句子要倒装，答案为d。 18答案为d。 19答案为a。 20only修饰介词短语时，并位于句首时,句子要倒装，答案为c。 21答案为b。 22答案为d。 23虚拟语气的倒装形式，答案为c。 24答案为c。 25答案为d。 26there放于句首，主语是代词时，主语和谓语的位置不变，仍保留陈述句式，答案为b。 27答案为a。 28答案为c。 29only修饰句子的状语，位于句首，要部分倒装。若only修饰的状语从句不倒装，则主句要倒装，答案为a。