初中英语语法介词知识点总结.doc

初中英语语法 介词知识点归纳
1.in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在”
1)at + 具体时刻
2)on + 具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）
3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分
但注意：at night= in the night at noon
at this / that time at Christmas
eg. 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning
3. ___ a rainy evening 4. ___3:50 5.__ 2002
6.___ the morning of April 10 7.___ spring
8.___ night 9.___ this time 10. ___ March
另外注意：在时间词（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday…）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。
eg. I will go(A) to the cinema(B) in(C) this evening.
2. in , on , at 表地点：
at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：
eg. 1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday.
2)They arrived ___a small village before dark.
3)There is a big hole ____ the wall.
4)The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall.
3.in , on , to表方位
in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系

eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.
3)Japan is to the east of China.
cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go across
4. across: （表面）跨过
through: （内部）穿过，贯穿 介词
eg. 1)Can you swim _____ the river?
2)The road runs __________ the forest.
3) _____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.
5. in + 时间段：与将来时连用
after + 时间段：与过去时连用
但after + 时间点：可与将来时连用。
1) I’ll leave _______ three o’clock.. That is, I’ll leave ________ about ten minutes.
2)They left _______ two weeks.
6. in the tree(外加在树上的事物)
on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)
in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)
7. on the wall(墙表面的事物)
1) There is a map ___ the wall
2) There are four windows ___ the wall.
8.by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)
但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。
eg. by bike = on a(the; his) bike
by car = in a(the ; her) car
on: 在…（表面）上——接触
9. over: 在…的正上方
above: 在…的斜上方 未接触
1) The moon rose ______ the hill.
2) There is a bridge _____ the river.
3) There is a book ______ the desk.
10. between: 在（两者）之间
among :在（三者以上）之间
1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach. ________ them were his parents.
2)Tom sits ________Lucy and Lily.
11.on与about : 关于
on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等
about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及
eg. He gave a talk ____ the history of the Party
12. in front of :在…前面/方（范围外）= before
in / at the front of:在……前部（范围内）
1)There is a big tree _______ of the classroom.
2)A driver drives _________ of the bus.
类似区别：at the back of与behind
13.with和in: 表示“用“
with: 指“用工具、手、口等”
in: 指“用语言、话语、声音等”
1) Please write the letter ____ a pen.
2) Please speak ____ a loud voice.
14. on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat ; leave for: 动身前往某地
15.一些固定搭配：
（1）介词与动词的搭配
listen to , laugh at, get to, look for;
wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。
（2）介词与名词的搭配
on time, in time, by bus, on foot,
with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble,
at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。
（3）介词与形容词的搭配
be late for, be afraid of, be good at,
be interested in, be angry with,
be full of, be sorry for等。